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Pharmacology > Drugs used in Opthalmic and Otic disorders > Flashcards

Drugs used in Opthalmic and Otic disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Leading cause of visual impairment in dogs

A

Cataracts

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2
Q

Drugs used to dilate pupils

A

Mydriatic agents

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3
Q

Drugs that paralyze the msucle of the ciliary body

A

Cycloplegics

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4
Q

Term for when one pupil is more dilated than the other

A

Anisocoria

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5
Q

Aids in diagnosis of Horner’s syndrome

A

Phenylephrine Hydrochloride

Epinephrine

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6
Q

Produces mydriasis and used to diagnose uveitis, glaucoma and scleritis

A

Phenylephrine hydrochloride

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7
Q

Contraindications for Atropine Sulfate

A

Glaucoma and KSC

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8
Q

Produces mydriasis and cycloplegia, used for eye exam and treatment of uveitis

A

Cyclopentolate

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9
Q

Fast acting mydriatic that lowers cycloplegia and used for ocular fundus examination

A

Tropicamide

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10
Q

Penetrates the corneal barrier and reduces intraocular pressure

A

Epinephrine

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11
Q

Produce pupillary constriction and promote the outflow of aqueous humor

A

Miotics

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12
Q

Commonly used in the treatment of chronic open ended glaucoma

A

Miotics

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13
Q

Cholinergic drug commonly used to treat chronic open ended glaucoma

A

Pilocarpine HCl

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14
Q

Commonly used after cataract surgery

A

Carbachol

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15
Q

Osmotic diuretic that can be given IV to reduce intraocular pressure in emgergency situations before surgery

A

Mannitol

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16
Q

Topical anasthetics for eyes

A

Proparacaine Hydrochloride

Tetracaine and Tetracaine Hydrochloride

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17
Q

Antifungal agents used to treat opthalmic fungal infections

A

Amphotericin B

Silver Sulfadiazine

Natamycin

Itraconazole

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18
Q

Used to treat mycotic keratitis in horses

A

Amphotericin B

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19
Q

If a corneal ulcer is suspected when administering antibiotics be sure to check composition for ______

A

Corticosteroids

20
Q

Triple antibiotic ointment used to treat gram + bacteria

A

Bacitracin/Polymixin B/Neomycin

21
Q

Used to treat gram - bacteria, chemical enucleation, and conjunctivitis

A

Gentamicin

22
Q

Broad spectrum antibacterial agent used for superficial ocular infections

A

Oxytetracycline

23
Q

Used to treat MRSA in rabbits

A

Vancomycin

24
Q

Antibiotic not recommended before or after surgery

A

Fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Ofloxacin)

25
Q

Used to reat pseudomonas

A

Tobramycin sulfate

26
Q

Common agents of corticosteroids

A

Prednisolone

Hydrocortisone

Dexamethasone

27
Q

If left untreated can cause corneal ulceration and eventual perforation

A

KCS (dry eye)

28
Q

Used for management of KCS and chronic superficial keratitis

A

Clycosporine

29
Q

Antivirals used to treat feline opthalmic herpes virus

A

Trifluridine and interferon alpha

30
Q

Otitis that mimics neurologic disease

A

Interna otitis

31
Q

Otitis associated with ruptured tympanic membrane, URI, head trauma, tumors

A

Media otitis

32
Q

Otitis associated with yeat, bacteria, foreign bodies, parasites

A

Externa otitis

33
Q

Treatment of otitis depends on what?

A

Causitive agent

34
Q

Presents ototoxicity risk

A

Gentamicin (Aminoglycoside)

Neomycin Sulfate

35
Q

Used in treatment for acute otitis externa and pyodermas in dogs and cats

A

Chloramphenicol

36
Q

Dosage forms of Neomycin Sulfate

A

Tresaderm, Tritop, Panalog

37
Q

Combination product with silver sulfadiazine

A

Enrofloxacin

38
Q

Dosage form of Enrofloxacin

A

Baytril otic

39
Q

Otic antiparasitic drugs used for treatment of ticks and mites in ears of dogs and cats

A

Pyrethrins, Thiobendazole, Ivermectin, Selamectin, Mylbemycin Oxime

40
Q

Thiobendazole is a ______ + ______

A

Antiparasitic and antifungal

41
Q

Can be given directly into ear canal or given SQ

A

Ivermectin

42
Q

Used to treat ear mite infestations in cats and kittens >4 weeks of age

A

Milbemycin oxime

43
Q

Effective against Microsporum and Trichophyton

A

Miconzole

44
Q

Antifungal agent that works against Candida fungi

A

Nystatin

45
Q

Drying otic agents

A

Tannic acid, salicylic acid, and boric acid

46
Q

Cleanser that helps break down and softens wax

A

Squalane (Cerumene)

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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