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Pharmacology > Drugs Affecting Cardiovascular system > Flashcards

Drugs Affecting Cardiovascular system Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs that decrease resistance to blood flow and decrease overfilling

A

Diuretics and vasodilators

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2
Q

Drugs that increase the strength of contraction

A

Positive Iontropic drugs

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3
Q

Most common class of Diuretics

A

Loop diuretics (inhibit Na+ absorption in the loop of Henle)

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4
Q

5 types of Diuretics

A

Loop diuretics

Osmotic diuretics

Thiazide diuretics

Potassium-Sparing diuretics

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

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5
Q

Loop Diuretics known as Lasix/Furasemide/Salix

A

Furosemide

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6
Q

Treatment for EIPH in horses

A

Furosemide

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7
Q

Hypokalemia and PU/PD are common side effects to what drug?

A

Furosemide

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8
Q

Furosemide cannot be used in _____ animals or ______

A

Pregnant animals

Stallions at stud

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9
Q

What is important for clients to know when using Furosemide?

A

NEVER restrict water

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10
Q

What type of diuretic is Mannitol?

A

Osmotic

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11
Q

What type of diuretic is Chlorthiazide?

A

Thiazide

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12
Q

What type of diuretic is Spironoloactone?

A

Potassium-sparing

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13
Q

What type of diuretic is Dichlorphenamide?

A

Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitor

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14
Q

Diuretic also used to treat glaucoma

A

Dichlorphenamide

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15
Q

Drug used to treat heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and superventricular tachycardia

A

Dogoxin

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16
Q

Contraindications of Dogoxin

A

PVC’s

Ventricular tachycardia

2nd or 3rd degree heart block

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17
Q

Used primarily for cardiac resuscitation NOT heart failure

A

Epinephrine

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18
Q

Adrenergic drugs used to treat heart failure and used in advanced cardiac resuscitation, often given via infusion (CRI)

A

Dopamine and Dobutamine

19
Q

Vasodilators that inhibit both arteries and veins

A

ACE inhibitors

20
Q

What is the model vasodilator, the “go to” drug for heart failure

A

Enalapril

21
Q

Prevents agiotensin I to angiotensin II

A

ACE inhibitor (Angiotensin-converting enzyme)

*Enalapril*

22
Q

Common side effects of Enalapril

A

Hypotension and V/D

23
Q

Example of a venodilator

A

Nitroglycerine (Nitro-Bid)

24
Q

Used to treat laminitis in horses and heart failure in small animals. Absorbed through the skin! Can result in rash at admin site, do not allow pets to lick.

A

Nitroglycerine

25
Q

Example of an arteriole dilator

A

Hydralazine

26
Q

Two classifications of arrythmias

A

Tachyarrythmia and bradyarrythmia

27
Q

Antiarrythmic drugs are classified as ______

A

Families

28
Q

Class IA antiarrythmic drugs are used to treat _________ and ________ arrythmias

A

Arteriole and ventricular arrythmias

29
Q

Examples of a class IA antiarrythmic

A

Quinidine and Procainamide

30
Q

Treats ventricular tachycardia and PVC and must NOT skip doses

A

Procainamide

31
Q

Antiarrythmic class providing membrane stabilization and treats ventricular arrythmias

A

Class IB

32
Q

Examples of Class IB Antiarrythmic drugs

A

Tocainide and Lidocaine

33
Q

Lidocaine should never be given with _________ as it can kill pets with heart problems

A

Epinephrine IV

34
Q

Class of Antiarrythmic drugs that are Beta Adrenergic blockers

A

Class II

35
Q

Examples of class II antiarrythmic drugs

A

Atenolol and Propanolol

36
Q

Class of antiarrythmic drugs that improve cardiac efficiency by increasing adrenergic receptors

A

Class II

37
Q

Uses for Class II antiarrthmic drugs

A

Hypertropic cardiomyopathy, Lowers BP and cardiac output, and treating arrythmias

38
Q

Blocks both beta 1 and beta 2 receptors, lowers HR, BP and cardiac output

A

Propanolol

39
Q

Can treat hyperthyroidism and hypertension in cats

A

Propanolol

40
Q

Examples of Class III antiarrythmic drugs

*Not commonly used in veterinary medicine

A

Bretylium and Amiodarone

41
Q

Class of antiarrythmic drugs that are calcium channel blockers

A

Class IV

42
Q

Examples of Class IV antiarrythmic drugs

A

Verapamil and Diltiazem

43
Q

Used to treat supraventricular tachycardia and hypertrophic cardimyopathy in cats

A

Class IV antiarrythmics

44
Q

Xrays that show tiny “jalapaeno-like” shape heart indicate:

A

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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