Drugs Affecting Respiratory System

Question 1

Drugs that liquefy secretions so that they can be more easily eliminated

Answer 1

Expectorants

Question 2

What are the uses of Guaifenesin?

Answer 2

General anesthesia for equine

Treatment of respiratory conditions that involve increased production of thick mucous

Question 3

Side effects associated with Guaifenesin

Answer 3

Rare, but may see drowsiness and/or nausea

Question 4

Drugs that decrease the viscosity of mucous by altering the chemical composition

Answer 4

Mucolytics

Question 5

What is a common Mucolytic?

Answer 5

Acetylcysteine

Question 6

Common proprietary names for Acetylcysteine

Answer 6

Mucomyst and Mucosil 10 & 20

Question 7

What are the uses for Acetylcysteine?

Answer 7

Treatment of respiratory conditions that involve production of thick mucous

IV treatment of acetaminophen toxicity

Question 8

Side effects associated with Acetylcysteine

Answer 8

Rare when nebulized, but vomitting occurs when given orally

Question 9

Increases fluidity of secretions in the URT but not the lower airway

Answer 9

Steam therapy

Question 10

Suppress coughing by depressing the cough center in the brain

Answer 10

Antitussives

Question 11

When are antitussive drugs indicated?

Answer 11

If the animal and/or owner are unable to rest

Animal is having difficulty breathing

Question 12

Narcotic antitussives

Answer 12

Butorphanol (most common)

Hydrocodone

Codeine

Question 13

Common proprietary names for Butorphanol

Answer 13

Torbugesic

Torbugesic SA

Torbutrol

Dolorex

Question 14

What are the common uses for Butorphanol?

Answer 14

Antitussive (for non-productive coughs)

Preanesthetic

Analgesic

Question 15

What are the common side effects of Butorphanol?

Answer 15

Sedation

Ataxia

Question 16

What contraindicates the use of Butorphanol?

Answer 16

Liver disease

Lower respiratory tract disease with the production of mucous

Question 17

Butorphanol is a schedule ______ narcotic

Answer 17

Schedule IV

Question 18

In Butorphanol what dose is higher, oral or injectable?

Answer 18

Oral dose is much higher

Question 19

Hydrocodone is a class ____ controlled substance

Answer 19

Class III

Question 20

Common proprietary names for Hydrocodone

Answer 20

Hycodan or Tussigan

Question 21

What indicates the use of Hydrocodone

Answer 21

Harsh, nonproductive coughs

Question 22

Constipation is a side effect of what narcotic drug?

Answer 22

Hydrocodone

Question 23

Codeine (noncombination) drugs are class ___ drugs

Answer 23

Class II

Question 24

What is a common class III combination of Codeine?

Answer 24

Aspirin/Acetominophen combo

Question 25

Codeine syrups are class ___ or class ___ (State dependant)

Answer 25

C III or C IV

Question 26

Non-narcotic antitussives

Answer 26

Dextromethorphan and Trimeprazine

Question 27

Common proprietary names for Dextromethorphan

Answer 27

Dimetapp DM Robitussin DM

Question 28

What non-narcotic antitussive is chemically similar to Codeine?

Answer 28

Dextromethorphan

Question 29

Common proprietary name for Trimeprazine

Answer 29

Temaril-P

Question 30

Trimeprazine is usually combined with what?

Answer 30

Corticosteroids (i.e. Prednisone)

Question 31

Trimeprazine is an ____ and \_\_\_\_\_

Answer 31

Antitussive and antiprutic

Question 32

Common side effects associated with Trimprazine

Answer 32

Sedation Depression

Question 33

What is bronchoconstriction?

Answer 33

Contraction of smooth muscle surrounding bronchioles Can lead to dyspnea

Question 34

Bronchoconstriction occurs due to:

Answer 34

Release of acetylcholine Release of histamine Beta-2 Adrenergic blockade

Question 35

Bronchodilators are often used for:

Answer 35

Asthma Anaphylactic shock CHF Chronic Resp. conditions

Question 36

What are the three types of bronchodilators?

Answer 36

Cholinergic blockers Antihistamines Beta-2 Adrenergic agonists

Question 37

What are the functions of Beta-2 adrenergic agonists?

Answer 37

Stimulate Beta-2 receptors that cause bronchodilation Relax muscle fibers Reduce histamine release

Question 38

Examples of Beta-2 Adrenergic agonists

Answer 38

Clenbuterol Epinephrine Terbutaline (brethine) Albuterol

Question 39

Methylxanthine functions as what?

Answer 39

Bronchodilator

Question 40

Relax smooth muscle by inhibiting an enzyme which promotes bronchoconstriction

Answer 40

Methylxanthine

Question 41

Aminophylline and Theophylline are what?

Answer 41

Methylxanthines

Question 42

Common uses for Theophylline

Answer 42

Treatment of chronic resp. conditions Treatment of CHF Long term treatment for asthma

Question 43

Related to caffeine and theobromine

Answer 43

Theophylline

Question 44

Used to decrease nasal congestion and swelling

Answer 44

Decongestants

Question 45

Work by constricting nasal blood vessels

Answer 45

Decongestants

Question 46

Oral forms of decongestants

Answer 46

Ephedrine (Primatene) Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)

Question 47

Nose drop form of decongestants

Answer 47

Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)

Question 48

Type of drugs that caues bronchodilation and prevent and treat allergic reations, are often given long term to treat allergic conditions

Answer 48

Antihistamines

Question 49

Common proprietary names for Diphenhydramine

Answer 49

Benadryl Histacalm shampoo/spray

Question 50

Used to treat heaves in horses

Answer 50

Diphenhydramine

Question 51

Other antihistamines

Answer 51

Chlorphenecamine Hydroxyzine Dexofenadine Celmastine