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Pharmacology > Drugs Affecting Respiratory System > Flashcards

Drugs Affecting Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs that liquefy secretions so that they can be more easily eliminated

A

Expectorants

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2
Q

What are the uses of Guaifenesin?

A

General anesthesia for equine

Treatment of respiratory conditions that involve increased production of thick mucous

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3
Q

Side effects associated with Guaifenesin

A

Rare, but may see drowsiness and/or nausea

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4
Q

Drugs that decrease the viscosity of mucous by altering the chemical composition

A

Mucolytics

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5
Q

What is a common Mucolytic?

A

Acetylcysteine

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6
Q

Common proprietary names for Acetylcysteine

A

Mucomyst and Mucosil 10 & 20

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7
Q

What are the uses for Acetylcysteine?

A

Treatment of respiratory conditions that involve production of thick mucous

IV treatment of acetaminophen toxicity

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8
Q

Side effects associated with Acetylcysteine

A

Rare when nebulized, but vomitting occurs when given orally

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9
Q

Increases fluidity of secretions in the URT but not the lower airway

A

Steam therapy

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10
Q

Suppress coughing by depressing the cough center in the brain

A

Antitussives

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11
Q

When are antitussive drugs indicated?

A

If the animal and/or owner are unable to rest

Animal is having difficulty breathing

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12
Q

Narcotic antitussives

A

Butorphanol (most common)

Hydrocodone

Codeine

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13
Q

Common proprietary names for Butorphanol

A

Torbugesic

Torbugesic SA

Torbutrol

Dolorex

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14
Q

What are the common uses for Butorphanol?

A

Antitussive (for non-productive coughs)

Preanesthetic

Analgesic

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15
Q

What are the common side effects of Butorphanol?

A

Sedation

Ataxia

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16
Q

What contraindicates the use of Butorphanol?

A

Liver disease

Lower respiratory tract disease with the production of mucous

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17
Q

Butorphanol is a schedule ______ narcotic

A

Schedule IV

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18
Q

In Butorphanol what dose is higher, oral or injectable?

A

Oral dose is much higher

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19
Q

Hydrocodone is a class ____ controlled substance

A

Class III

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20
Q

Common proprietary names for Hydrocodone

A

Hycodan or Tussigan

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21
Q

What indicates the use of Hydrocodone

A

Harsh, nonproductive coughs

22
Q

Constipation is a side effect of what narcotic drug?

A

Hydrocodone

23
Q

Codeine (noncombination) drugs are class ___ drugs

A

Class II

24
Q

What is a common class III combination of Codeine?

A

Aspirin/Acetominophen combo

25
Q

Codeine syrups are class ___ or class ___ (State dependant)

A

C III or C IV

26
Q

Non-narcotic antitussives

A

Dextromethorphan and Trimeprazine

27
Q

Common proprietary names for Dextromethorphan

A

Dimetapp DM

Robitussin DM

28
Q

What non-narcotic antitussive is chemically similar to Codeine?

A

Dextromethorphan

29
Q

Common proprietary name for Trimeprazine

A

Temaril-P

30
Q

Trimeprazine is usually combined with what?

A

Corticosteroids (i.e. Prednisone)

31
Q

Trimeprazine is an ____ and _____

A

Antitussive and antiprutic

32
Q

Common side effects associated with Trimprazine

A

Sedation

Depression

33
Q

What is bronchoconstriction?

A

Contraction of smooth muscle surrounding bronchioles

Can lead to dyspnea

34
Q

Bronchoconstriction occurs due to:

A

Release of acetylcholine

Release of histamine

Beta-2 Adrenergic blockade

35
Q

Bronchodilators are often used for:

A

Asthma

Anaphylactic shock

CHF

Chronic Resp. conditions

36
Q

What are the three types of bronchodilators?

A

Cholinergic blockers

Antihistamines

Beta-2 Adrenergic agonists

37
Q

What are the functions of Beta-2 adrenergic agonists?

A

Stimulate Beta-2 receptors that cause bronchodilation

Relax muscle fibers

Reduce histamine release

38
Q

Examples of Beta-2 Adrenergic agonists

A

Clenbuterol

Epinephrine

Terbutaline (brethine)

Albuterol

39
Q

Methylxanthine functions as what?

A

Bronchodilator

40
Q

Relax smooth muscle by inhibiting an enzyme which promotes bronchoconstriction

A

Methylxanthine

41
Q

Aminophylline and Theophylline are what?

A

Methylxanthines

42
Q

Common uses for Theophylline

A

Treatment of chronic resp. conditions

Treatment of CHF

Long term treatment for asthma

43
Q

Related to caffeine and theobromine

A

Theophylline

44
Q

Used to decrease nasal congestion and swelling

A

Decongestants

45
Q

Work by constricting nasal blood vessels

A

Decongestants

46
Q

Oral forms of decongestants

A

Ephedrine (Primatene)

Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)

47
Q

Nose drop form of decongestants

A

Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)

48
Q

Type of drugs that caues bronchodilation and prevent and treat allergic reations, are often given long term to treat allergic conditions

A

Antihistamines

49
Q

Common proprietary names for Diphenhydramine

A

Benadryl

Histacalm shampoo/spray

50
Q

Used to treat heaves in horses

A

Diphenhydramine

51
Q

Other antihistamines

A

Chlorphenecamine

Hydroxyzine

Dexofenadine

Celmastine

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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