DRUGS USED IN INFECTIONS OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, RESPIRATORY SYSTEM, BONE AND JOINTS

Question 1

Bacterial meningitis
Adult - Pneumococcus, meningococcus

Answer 1

Ceftriaxone, cefotaxime

Question 2

Bacterial meningitis
Child - H influenzae, pneumococcus, meningococcus

Answer 2

Ceftriaxone, cefotaxime + vancomycin

Question 3

Bacterial meningitis
Neonates - Group B
streptococcus, E coli

Answer 3

Ampicillin + Ceftriaxone/ cefotaxime

Question 4

Bacterial meningitis
Neonates - Listeria

Answer 4

Ampicillin / Amoxicillin + aminoglycosides (gentamicin)

Question 5

Cryptococcal meningitis

Answer 5

Cryptococcus neoformans Cryptococcus gattii

Amphotericin B + flucytosine, Fluconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole

Question 6

HSV encephalitis

Answer 6

Herpes simplex virus – 1

Acyclovir, vidarabine

Question 7

Neurocysticercosis

Answer 7

Tapeworm

Albendazole, praziquantel

Question 8

Toxoplasmosis

Answer 8

Toxoplasma gondii

Pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine, Pyrimethamine + clindamycin (in ocular toxoplasmosis)

Question 9

Tetanus

Answer 9

Clostridium tetani

Penicillin G, erythromycin

Question 10

Chlamydial eye infection

Answer 10

Chlamydia trachomatis

Tetracyclines, azithromycin

Question 11

Viral conjunctivitis
Herpes simplex virus-1

Answer 11

Acyclovir, idoxuridine, trifluridine

Question 12

Viral conjunctivitis
Herpes zoster

Answer 12

Acyclovir

Question 13

Bacterial conjunctivitis

Answer 13

Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcal pneumonia Streptococcal pyogenes Haemophilus aegyptius

Sodium sulfacetamide, Bacitracin - neomycin - polymyxin B Tetracycline, tobramycin / gentamicin
Ciprofloxacin / ofloxacin Chloramphenicol, erythromycin

Question 14

Otitis media

Answer 14

Streptococcus pneumoniae Streptococcus pyogenes Staphylococcus aureus Haemophilus influenzae Morexella catarrhalis

Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, Cefaclor, cotrimoxazole

Question 15

Pharyngitis, tonsillitis,

β- haemolytic streptococci

Answer 15

Penicillin V

Question 16

Pharyngitis, tonsillitis,

Haemophilus influenzae Staphylococcus aureus Bacteroides spp.

Answer 16

Amoxicillin / erythromycin

Question 17

Sinusitis

Answer 17

Streptococcus pyogenes Streptococcus pneumoniae

Penicillin V / amoxicillin

Question 18

CMV
Cytomegalovirus

Answer 18

Ganciclovir / valganciclovir/ cidofovir / Foscarnet

Question 19

EBV infections (Infectious monon ucleosis)

Answer 19

Epstein–Barr virus

Acyclovir, ganciclovir, vidarabine

Question 20

Pneumonia
Adult – Pneumococcus, Mycoplasma, Legionella, H. influenzae, S aureus, C. pneumoniae, Coliforms

Answer 20

Macrolides (erythromycin/clarithromycin/ azithromycin), amoxicillin, tetracycline, Macrolide + cefotaxime/ ceftriaxone

Question 21

Pneumonia
Child – Pneumococcus, S. aureus, H influenzae

Answer 21

Ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, cefotaxime

Question 22

Oral candidiasis

Answer 22

Candida spp.
Clotrimazole/ ketoconazole/ fluconazole, nystatin

Question 23

Atypical mycobacterial infections

Answer 23

M avium Complex (MAC)

Clarithromycin/ azithromycin Ethambutol, rifampicin, amikacin/ streptomycin, ciprofloxacin/ moxifloxacin

Question 24

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (Pneumocystosis)

Answer 24

Cotrimoxazole, Primaquine + clindamycin

Question 25

Avian influenza

Answer 25

Influenza A virus Amantadine /rimantadine/ oseltamivir/ peramivir / zanamivir

Question 26

Swine flu

Answer 26

Swine influenza viruses Oseltamivir / zanamavir

Question 27

Osteomyelitis

Answer 27

Staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci Vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid Rifampicin, ciprofloxacin