Drugs for the Nervous and Sensory System Flashcards
1
Q
- Which of the following make up the nervous system?
Thymus, pituitary, adrenals
Mandible, femur, scapula
Brain, spinal cord, nerves
Ileum, duodenum, jejunum
A
Brain, spinal cord, nerves
The brain, spinal cord, and nerves make up the nervous system.
2
Q
- Walking and talking are:
voluntary actions.
involuntary actions.
autonomic actions.
parasympathetic actions.
A
voluntary actions.
Walking and talking are voluntary actions that are messages from the brain.
3
Q
- Breathing, heartbeat, and blood vessel contractions are:
voluntary actions.
nervous actions.
sympathetic actions.
parasympathetic actions.
A
sympathetic actions
Breathing, heartbeat, and blood vessel contractions are autonomic actions.
4
Q
- Which of the following structures are part of the central nervous system?
Cranial and spinal nerves
Sensory and motor nerves
Brain and spinal cord
Afferent and efferent nerves
A
Brain and spinal cord
The brain and the spinal cord are part of the central nervous system.
5
Q
- Which of the following are the primary functional units of the nervous system?
Ganglions
Glial cells
Synapses
Neurons
A
Neurons
Neurons are the primary functional units of the nervous system.
6
Q
- Which of the following is NOT part of a nerve cell?
Axon
Synapse
Dendrite
Cell body
A
Synapse
The nerve cell consists of a cell body, an axon, and several dendrites.
7
Q
- Which of the following structures contain the cytoplasm and nucleus of a nerve cell?
Axon
Synapse
Dendrite
Cell body
A
Axon
The axon contains the cytoplasm and nucleus of a nerve cell.
8
Q
- Which of the following structures carries the nerve impulses to other neurons?
Axon
Synapse
Dendrite
Cell body
A
Axon
The axon carries the nerve impulses to other neurons.
9
Q
- Which of the following structures receives the impulses from the axons and sends the impulses to the cell body?
Axon
Synapse
Dendrite
Cell body
A
Dendrite
Dendrites receive impulses from the axons and send impulses to the cell body.
10
Q
- Which of the following terms describes an electrochemical message transmitted by nerve cells?
Impulse
Synapse
Contraction
Stimulus
A
Impulse
An electrochemical message transmitted by nerve cells is called an impulse.
11
Q
- Which of the following terms describes a gap between neurons?
Synapse
Ganglion
Crevice
Junction
A
Synapse
The medical term for a gap between neurons is synapse.
12
Q
- Which of the following is NOT part of the brain?
Cerebral cortex
Cerebellum
Brain stem
Cauda equina
A
Cauda equina
The brain consists of the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum, and the brain stem.
13
Q
- Which of the following structures controls most of our conscious thought processes plus speech, hearing, and sight?
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brain stem
Cauda equina
A
Cerebrum
The cerebrum consists of thought processes, speech, hearing, and sight.
14
Q
- Which of the following structures is attached to the spinal cord?
Cerebral cortex
Cerebellum
Brain stem
Cauda equina
A
Brain stem
The brain stem is attached to the spinal cord.
15
Q
- Which of the following is produced by the sympathetic nervous system under times of stress?
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Prostaglandins
A
Epinephrine
Epinephrine is produced by the sympathetic nervous system under times of stress.
16
Q
- Which of the following is a term used to describe the sympathetic portion of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?
“Rest and repose” system
“Fight or flight” system
“Rough and ready” system
“Up and at ‘em” system
A
“Fight or flight” system
“Fight or flight” system is the term used to describe the sympathetic portion of the autonomic nervous system (ANS).
17
Q
- Which of the following special nerve cells enable us to feel, see, hear, taste, and smell things around us?
Sense receptors
Terminal end fibers
Nissl bodies
Schwann cells
A
Sense receptors
Sense receptors are special nerve cells that enable us to feel, see, hear, taste, and smell things around us.
18
Q
- Which of the following type of sensory cells is located in the upper part of the nasal cavity?
Odiferous
Olfactory
Alveolus
Smelling
A
Olfactory
The olfactory cells responsible for smelling are located in the upper part of the nasal cavity.
19
Q
- Which of the following is NOT a tongue taste zone?
Bitter
Sweet
Salty
Spicy
A
Spicy
The taste buds are responsible for detecting bitter, sour, salty, and sweet tastes.
20
Q
- Which of the following assist in the sense of taste?
Occipital cells
Olfactory cells
Oral cells
Ophthalmic cells
A
Olfactory cells
The olfactory cells assist in the sense of taste. A person needs to smell properly to taste properly.
21
Q
- Which of the following is a danger signal picked up by sensory receptors to alert the brain to a possible injury?
Anxiety
Inflammation
Pain
Pruritus
A
Pain
Pain is a danger signal picked up by sensory receptors to alert the brain to a possible injury.
22
Q
- Which of the following terms describes trembling or shaking?
Spasticity
Contracture
Tremor
Tetany
A
Tremor
The medical term for trembling or shaking is tremor.
23
Q
- Which of the following terms describes dizziness, or a whirling feeling in the head?
Tetany
Tinnitus
Vertigo
Orthostatic hypotension
A
Vertigo
The medical term for dizziness, or a whirling feeling in the head, is vertigo.
24
Q
- Which of the following terms describes an inability to move muscles?
Vertigo
Asthenia
Paralysis
Stupor
A
Paralysis
Paralysis is the inability to move muscles
25
25. Which of the following terms describes sleeplessness, or the inability to fall asleep or stay asleep?
Asthenia
Insomnia
Stupor
Anesthesia
Insomnia
The medical term for sleeplessness is insomnia.
26
26. Which of the following terms describes slowness of movement?
Spondylosis
Bradykinesia
Dystrophy
Osteodystrophy
Bradykinesia
The medical term for slowness of movement is bradykinesia.
27
27. Which of the following terms describes stiffness?
Rigidity
Sclerosis
Kyphosis
Osteomalacia
Rigidity
The medical term for stiffness is rigidity.
28
28. Which of the following terms describes a chemical substance released from nerve endings transmitting across synapses to other nerves?
Cerebral spinal fluid
Neurotransmitter
Tissue plasminogen activator
Alpha-fetoprotein
Neurotransmitter
A chemical substance released from nerve endings transmitting across synapses to other nerves is called a neurotransmitter.
29
29. Which of the following terms refers to a group of clinical disorders characterized by abnormal involuntary movements of the muscles?
Extrapyramidal
Dyskinesia
Transient ischemic attack
Spasticity
Extrapyramidal
Extrapyramidal refers to a group of clinical disorders characterized by abnormal involuntary movements of the muscles.
30
30. Which of the following conditions is characterized by slowing of movement, stiffness, tremor, and impaired postural reflexes?
Myasthenia gravis
Bell's palsy
Parkinson's disease
Multiple sclerosis
Parkinson's disease
A syndrome characterized by slowing of movement, stiffness, tremor, and impaired postural reflexes is called Parkinson's disease.
31
31. Which of the following is a chronic, progressive, degenerative disease that attacks the outer covering of the nerves?
Myasthenia gravis
Bell's palsy
Parkinson's disease
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, progressive, degenerative disease that attacks the outer covering of the nerves.
32
32. Which of the following terms describes the insulating covering of the nerve cells?
Neurotube
Myelin sheath
Omentum
Periosteum
Myelin sheath
The myelin sheath is the insulating covering of the nerve cells.
33
33. Which of the following conditions has symptoms that include paralysis, blurring of vision, speech problems, unsteady walk, and numbness?
Myasthenia gravis
Bell's palsy
Parkinson's disease
Multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis
Symptoms of multiple sclerosis include paralysis, blurring vision, speech problems, unsteady walk, and numbness.
34
34. Which of the following terms is used to describe a temporary loss of consciousness during which there is overactivity of part of the brain, often resulting in uncontrolled body movement?
Tremor
Seizure
Convulsion
Vertigo
Seizure
Seizure is a temporary loss of consciousness during which there is overactivity of part of the brain, often resulting in uncontrolled body movements.
35
35. Which of the following is a set of disorders that cause periodic seizures?
Myasthenia gravis
Parkinson's disease
Epilepsy
Migraines
Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a set of disorders that cause periodic seizures.
36
36. Which of the following terms is used to describe periodic, sudden attacks of involuntary muscular contractions and relaxations?
Tremor
Stupor
Convulsions
Hyperkinesia
Convulsions
Periodic, sudden attacks of involuntary muscular contractions and relaxations are called convulsions.
37
37. Which of the following categories of drugs is used to prevent seizures?
Anticholinergics
Anesthetic drugs
Adrenergic blocking agents
Anticonvulsants
Anticonvulsants
Anticonvulsants are drugs that control and prevent seizures.
38
38. A cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is commonly known as a:
convulsion.
stroke.
heart attack.
seizure.
stroke.
Another name for a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is a stroke.
39
39. Patients who have had a transient ischemic attack (TIA) have a greater incidence of having a:
seizure.
convulsion.
stroke.
heart attack.
stroke.
Patients who have had a transient ischemic attack (TIA) have a greater incidence of having a stroke.
40
40. Which of the following statements is correct?
Strokes are the leading cause of death.
Strokes are the second leading cause of death.
Strokes are the third leading cause of death.
Strokes are the fourth leading cause of death.
Strokes are the third leading cause of death.
Strokes are the third leading cause of death.
41
41. Which of the following is a chronic, progressive, degenerative disease of the brain that accounts for the majority of all cases of dementia?
Multiple sclerosis
Parkinson's disease
Alzheimer's disease
Epilepsy
Alzheimer's disease
A chronic, progressive, degenerative disease of the brain that accounts for the majority of all cases of dementia is called Alzheimer's disease.
42
42. Memory loss, weakness, blurred vision, speech difficulty, and partial paralysis are symptoms of:
a stroke.
epilepsy.
Parkinson's disease.
multiple sclerosis.
a stroke.
Symptoms of a stroke include memory loss, weakness, blurred vision, speech difficulty, and partial paralysis.
43
43. It is estimated that 10 percent of all persons over the age of 65 and 50 percent of all those over the age of 85 are affected by:
cerebrovascular accidents.
epilepsy.
Alzheimer's disease.
transient ischemic attacks.
Alzheimer's disease.
It is estimated that 10 percent of all persons over the age of 65 and 50 percent of all those over the age of 85 are affected by Alzheimer's disease.
44
Disorientation to time and place, problems with language skills such as having difficulty naming objects or speaking inappropriate words, and changes in personality including becoming suspicious or fearful are signs of:
Parkinson's disease.
multiple sclerosis.
Alzheimer's disease.
malignant brain tumors.
Alzheimer's disease.
Disorientation to time and place, problems with language skills such as having difficulty naming objects or speaking inappropriate words, and changes in personality including becoming suspicious or fearful are signs of Alzheimer's disease.
45
45. ________________ are the most common type of pain exhibited.
Backaches
Headaches
Muscle aches
Stomach aches
Headaches
Headaches are the most common type of pain exhibited.
46
46. Which of the following types of headaches are characterized by a bilateral pressure feeling around the head that is generally worsened with physical activity and may involve a sensitivity to light?
Occipital
Tension
Migraine
Polar
Tension
Tension headaches are characterized by a bilateral pressure feeling around the head that is generally worsened with physical activity and may involve a sensitivity to light.
47
47. Which of the following types of headaches are characterized by unilateral or bilateral throbbing pain that is recurrent? Generally, there is an event that triggers the pain causing nausea, irritability, or phonophobia.
Occipital
Tension
Migraine
Polar
Migraine
Migraine headaches are characterized by unilateral or bilateral throbbing pain that is recurrent. Generally, there is an event that triggers the pain causing nausea, irritability, or phonophobia.
48
48. Which of the following terms describes a sensation of light or warmth or a sense of spreading depression?
Asthenia
Aura
Delusion
Hallucination
Aura
The medical term for a sensation of light or warmth or a sense of spreading depression is an aura.
49
49. Which of the following terms describes an inflammation of the linings of the brain and spinal cord?
Meningitis
Encephalitis
Neuritis
Radiculitis
Meningitis
Meningitis is an inflammation of the linings of the brain and spinal cord.
50
50. Which of the following terms is used to describe a painful condition of the nerves caused by inflammation and irritation?
Neuritis
Neuralgia
Polyneuritis
Neuropathy
Neuralgia
Neuralgia is a painful condition of the nerves caused by inflammation and irritation.
51
51. Which of the following categories of drugs speed up the cell processes and make it easier for nerve cells to transmit messages?
CNS activators
CNS exciters
CNS agitators
CNS stimulants
CNS stimulants
CNS stimulants speed up the cell processes and make it easier for nerve cells to transmit messages.
52
52. Which of the following categories of drugs slow cell activity and inhibit the passing of nerve impulses?
CNS bradykinesia
CNS depressants
CNS hyporegulators
CNS statics
CNS depressants
CNS depressants slow cell activity and inhibit the passing of nerve impulses.
53
53. CNS drugs affect the ______________, _________________ processes that keep the body functioning.
conscious, voluntary
unconscious, voluntary
conscious, automatic
unconscious, automatic
unconscious, automatic
CNS drugs affect the unconscious, autonomic processes that keep the body functioning.
54
54. Cardiac dysrhythmias, hypertension, convulsions, and violent behavior may result from the indiscriminate use of:
CNS depressants.
CNS stimulants.
hormone replacement therapy.
anticholinergics.
CNS stimulants
Cardiac dysrhythmias, hypertension, convulsions, and violent behavior may result from the indiscriminate use of CNS stimulants.
55
55. Which of the following do CNS stimulants treat?
anorexia
narcolepsy
pain
fever
narcolepsy
CNS stimulants are used to treat in limited practice attention-deficit disorder and episodes of excessive drowsiness and uncontrolled sleep attacks during the day (narcolepsy).
56
56. Attention-deficit disorder (ADD) and narcolepsy are treated using:
CNS depressants.
CNS stimulants.
adrenergic blocking agents.
parasympathomimetics.
CNS stimulants.
Attention-deficit disorder (ADD) and narcolepsy are treated with CNS stimulants.
57
57. Patients should be educated that ___________ is also a CNS stimulant, and excessive consumption could result in nervousness, irritability, or a headache.
nicotine
caffeine
aspartame
dopamine
caffeine
Inform patients that caffeine is a CNS stimulant and excessive consumption may result in nervousness, irritability, or a headache.
58
58. Which of the following categories of drugs are pain relievers?
Anesthetics
Analgesics
Adrenergics
Anticholinergics
Analgesics
Analgesics are drugs that relieve pain.
59
59. Which of the following terms is used to describe a group of potent analgesic drugs whose use can lead to physical dependence?
Cholinomimetics
Dopaminergics
Narcotics
Hallucinogenics
Narcotics
Narcotics are a group of potent analgesic drugs whose use can lead to physical dependence.
60
60. Drugs such as aspirin and acetaminophen have a(n) _______________ ability as well as an ability to relieve pain.
anesthetic
narcotic
antipyretic
anticonvulsant
antipyretic
Aspirin and acetaminophen have an antipyretic as well as an analgesic property.
61
61. Aspirin and acetaminophen reduce fever by eliminating heat through _____________ and increased ______________.
perspiration, heart rate
muscle contraction, metabolism
vasodilation, respiration
radiation, urination
vasodilation, respiration
Aspirin and acetaminophen reduce fever by eliminating heat through vasodilation and increased respiration.
62
62. Analgesic antipyretics are often combined with ________________ analgesics or sedatives in prescription pain relievers such as Tylenol with codeine.
antipyretic
narcotic
anti-inflammatory
over-the-counter
narcotic
Analgesic antipyretics are often combined with narcotic analgesics or sedatives in prescription pain relievers such as Tylenol with codeine.
63
63. Which of the following is NOT one of the three major pain-relieving drugs available without a prescription?
Aspirin
Acetaminophen
Ibuprofen
Hydrocodone
Hydrocodone
Three major pain-relieving drugs available without a prescription include aspirin, acetaminophen, and ibuprofen.
64
64. Which of the following categories of drugs are used to control or prevent seizures?
Antiepileptics
Anticholinergics
Anticonvulsants
Adrenergic blocking agents
Anticonvulsants
Anticonvulsants are drugs that control and prevent seizures.
65
65. Dilantin, Depakene, Tegretol, and Klonopin are prescribed to treat:
Alzheimer's disease.
seizures.
Parkinson's disease.
multiple sclerosis.
seizures.
Dilantin, Depakene, Tegretol, and Klonopin are anticonvulsants used to control or prevent seizures.
66
66. Medications that have an anticholinergic effect can cause _______________.
vasodilation
dry mouth
drowsiness
stomach upset
dry mouth
Medications that have an anticholinergic effect can cause dry mouth that is relieved by giving the patient hard candy or gum or by rinsing the mouth with water.
67
67. Which of the following terms describe the two types of anesthetics?
Sympathetic, parasympathetic
Autonomic, voluntary
Local, general
Dopaminergic, adrenergic
Local, general
The two types of anesthetics are local and general.
68
68. Over-the-counter products used to treat sunburns, insect bites, and hemorrhoids can contain _________________ anesthetics.
general
systemic
local
dermal
local
Over-the-counter products used to treat sunburns, insect bites, and hemorrhoids can contain local anesthetics.
69
69. Which of the following is NOT a route used to administer local anesthetics?
Topical
Injection
Infiltration
Buccal
Buccal
The three routes of administration for local anesthetics are topical, injection, and infiltration.
70
70. Which of the following terms is used to describe an anesthetic that suppresses all sensations, is used primarily to prevent painful stimuli with surgery, and produces a state of unconsciousness?
General
Infiltration
Local
Dermal
General
A general anesthetic suppresses all sensations, is used to prevent painful stimuli with surgery, and produces a state of unconsciousness.
71
71. Patients on long-term drug therapy to control seizures and Parkinson's disease must be watched carefully for signs of:
synergism.
tolerance.
toxicity.
antagonism.
toxicity.
Watch carefully for signs of toxicity in patients on long-term drug therapy to control seizures and Parkinson's disease.
72
72. Which of the following terms describes a system by which patients control the administration of their own pain medication from machines filled with pain-relieving drugs?
Patient-controlled anesthesia
Patient-controlled analgesics
Patient-controlled adrenergics
Patient-controlled anticholinergics
Patient-controlled analgesics
Patient-controlled analgesics is a system by which patients control the administration of their own pain medication from machines filled with analgesics.
73
73. Which of the following terms describes the psychological effect of telling a patient that his medication will decrease pain?
Analgesic effect
Psychological effect
Placebo effect
Subliminal effect
Placebo effect
Placebo effect is the psychological effect of telling a patient that his medication will decrease pain.
74
74. If an administered pain reliever is a(n) ______________, the healthcare worker must discard any unused portion and the equipment used to administer it.
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
narcotic
anticonvulsant
antiarthritic
narcotic
If an administered pain reliever is a narcotic, the healthcare worker must discard any unused portion and the equipment used to administer it.
75
75. Levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet) is the drug of choice for which of the following?
Epilepsy
Parkinson's disease
Alzheimer's disease
Multiple sclerosis
Parkinson's disease
Levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet) is the drug of choice for Parkinson's disease.
76
76. Patients with multiple sclerosis who are being treated with natalizumab (Tysabri) must be enrolled in a special program called:
Caution
Touch
Pass
Brat
Touch
Patients with multiple sclerosis who are being treated with natalizumab (Tysabri) must be enrolled in a special program called Touch.
77
77. As a giver of medications, you must teach patients the importance of taking their medication regularly and on time, particularly in the case of:
epilepsy.
migraines.
insomnia.
vertigo.
epilepsy.
Instruct patients to take their medications regularly and on time, particularly in the case of epilepsy.
78
78. Which of the following drugs is successful in decreasing the number of strokes that occur?
Aspirin
Hydrocodone
Ibuprofen
Diazepam
Aspirin
Aspirin is successful in decreasing the number of strokes that occur.
79
79. Which of the following antimigraine drugs is available in parenteral, oral, and inhalation forms?
Imitrex
Ergostat
Topamax
Sansert
Imitrex
Succinate (Imitrex) is an antimigraine drug available in parenteral, oral, and inhalation forms.
80
80. Ritalin, Adderall, and Concerta are all considered which of the following classifications of controlled substances?
Schedule I
Schedule II
Schedule III
Schedule IV
Schedule II
Ritalin, Adderall, and Concerta are considered Schedule II controlled substances.
81
81. Vicodin, OxyContin, and Demerol are:
narcotic analgesics.
anticonvulsants.
anesthetic drugs.
antimigraine drugs.
narcotic analgesics.
Examples of narcotic analgesics are Vicodin, OxyContin, and Demerol.
82
82. The central nervous system consists of the _____________ and __________________.
brain; spinal cord
Explanation: The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord.
83
83. The ____________ is the primary functional unit of the nervous system.
neuron
Explanation: The neuron is the primary functional unit of the nervous system.
84
84. An electrochemical message that is transmitted by nerve cells is termed a(n) ____________.
impulse
Explanation: An impulse is an electrochemical message that is transmitted by nerve cells.
85
85. The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body to meet an emergency by producing ________________.
epinephrine
Explanation: The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body to meet an emergency by producing epinephrine.
86
86. The term used to describe trembling or shaking is _____________.
tremor
Explanation: The medical term for trembling or shaking is tremor
87
87. The term used to describe an abnormal increase in muscle tone is ______________.
spasticity
Explanation: The medical term for an abnormal increase in muscle tone is spasticity.
88
88. The term used to describe dizziness, or a whirling feeling in the head, is ____________.
vertigo
Explanation: The medical term for dizziness, or a whirling feeling in the head, is vertigo.
89
89. An inability to move the muscles is termed _________________.
paralysis
Explanation: Paralysis is the inability to move the muscles.
90
91. Sleeplessness, or the inability to fall asleep or stay asleep, is termed _____________.
insomnia
Explanation: The medical term for sleeplessness, or the inability to fall sleep or stay asleep, is insomnia.
91
92. Slowness of movement is termed _________________.
bradykinesia
Explanation: The medical term for slowness of movement is bradykinesia.
92
92. Slowness of movement is termed _________________.
bradykinesia
Explanation: The medical term for slowness of movement is bradykinesia.
93
93. A chemical substance released from nerve endings transmitting across synapses to other nerves is a(n) ___________________.
neurotransmitter
Explanation: A neurotransmitter is a chemical substance released from nerve endings transmitting across synapses to other nerves.
94
94. __________________ is a syndrome characterized by slowing of movement, stiffness, tremor, and impaired postural reflexes.
Parkinson's disease
Explanation: Parkinson's disease is a syndrome characterized by slowing of movement, stiffness, tremor, and impaired postural reflexes.
95
95. ____________________ is a chronic, progressive, degenerative disease that attacks the outer covering of the nerves.
Multiple sclerosis
Explanation: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, progressive, degenerative disease that attacks the outer covering of the nerves.
96
96. A temporary loss of consciousness during which there is overactivity of part of the brain, often resulting in uncontrolled body movements, is termed a(n) _____________.
seizure
Explanation: A seizure is a temporary loss of consciousness during which there is overactivity of part of the brain, often resulting in uncontrolled body movements.
97
97. A(n) ________________ is a periodic, sudden attack of involuntary muscle contractions and relaxations.
convulsion
Explanation: A convulsion is a periodic, sudden attack of involuntary muscle contractions and relaxation.
98
98. _____________ is set of disorders that cause periodic seizures.
Epilepsy
Explanation: Epilepsy is a set of disorders that cause periodic seizures.
99
99. A cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is commonly known as a(n) ______________.
stroke
Explanation: A cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is commonly known as a stroke.
100
101.Memory loss, headache, weakness, blurred vision, speech difficulty, and partial paralysis are signs of a(n) _______________.
stroke
Explanation:
Signs of a stroke include memory loss, headache, weakness, blurred vision, speech difficulty, and partial paralysis.
101
102.A chronic, progressive, degenerative disease of the brain that accounts for the majority of all cases of dementia is __________________.
Alzheimer's disease
Explanation: A chronic, progressive, degenerative disease of the brain that accounts for the majority of all cases of dementia is called Alzheimer's disease.
102
103.The two most common types of headaches are ______________ and _______________.
tension; migraine
Explanation: The two most common types of headaches are tension and migraine.
103
104.The two major categories of drugs that affect the nervous system are CNS _____________ and CNS __________________.
stimulants, depressants
Explanation: The two major categories of drugs that affect the nervous system are CNS stimulants and CNS depressants.
104
105.Attention-deficit disorder and narcolepsy are treated using CNS ________________.
stimulants
Explanation: Attention-deficit disorder and narcolepsy are treated using CNS stimulants.
105
106.Like CNS stimulants, CNS depressants have a high potential for _____________. In addition, many of them cause physical dependence.
abuse
Explanation: Like CNS stimulants, CNS depressants have a high potential for abuse. In addition, many of them cause physical dependence.
106
107.Major pain-relieving drugs available without a prescription are ____________, ____________, _______________, and _________________.
naproxen; aspirin; acetaminophen; ibuprofen
Explanation: Major pain-relieving drugs available without a prescription are naproxen, aspirin, acetaminophen, and ibuprofen.
107
108.Although the drug categories sympathomimetic, sympatholytic, and parasympathomimetic may be confusing, know that they all affect the ____________________, _______________ processes that keep the body functioning.
unconscious; automatic
Explanation: Although the drug categories sympathomimetic, sympatholytic, and parasympathomimetic may be confusing, know that they all affect the unconscious, automatic processes that keep the body functioning.
108
110.When given during an acute exacerbation of multiple sclerosis, prednisone decreases ________________ and ___________________ at the site of myelin destruction.
edema; inflammation
Explanation: When given during an acute exacerbation of multiple sclerosis, prednisone decreases edema and inflammation at the site of myelin destruction.
109
111.Neuralgia is a painful condition of the nerves caused by inflammation or irritation and is treated with the administration of _________________.
analgesics
Explanation: Neuralgia is a painful condition of the nerves caused by inflammation or irritation and is treated with the administration of analgesics.
110
112.Because there is a small difference between enough drug to be effective and too much drug (causing serious side effects), anticonvulsant doses must be finely adjusted. This is done by monitoring drug concentrations in the ______________.
blood
Explanation: Because there is a small difference between enough drug to be effective and too much drug (causing serious side effects), anticonvulsant doses must be finely adjusted. This is done by monitoring drug concentrations in the blood.
111
114.Individuals who have alcoholism, cirrhosis, or other serious liver diseases should consult their physician before taking __________________.
acetaminophen
Explanation: Individuals who have alcoholism, cirrhosis, or other serious liver diseases should consult their physician before taking acetaminophen.
