Drugs Analysis Tools Flashcards
Analysis Types
Chemical, Physical and Microbiological
Analysis Applications
Quality Testing (whether sample = label), stability testing (shelf life/half life), compatibility testing (interaction with body/other medicines), drug ID (qualative), drug characteristics (quantative), bioanalysis (pharmacological effects), drug isolation from samples
What manufacturers test for
is it pure, safe, functional
Bioanalysis Def
Analysis of a drug in a biological specimen. Eg in blood, in respiration, LADME profiles
2 errors in bioanalysis
Sample prep (not correctly isolated) and machine error (eg wrong settings
Area under curve in Bioanalysis Graph
Concentration of drug absorbed
Bioanalystic Science Def
Study of analysing biological/non samples using biological methods
Preformulation Def
Prediction of drug characteristics before formulation
Quality Asssurance and Quality Control Outline
Ensure quality, purity, safety and effectiveness of drug products
Specifications Def
Lists of tests (eg stability, solubility), references analytical procedures and acceptable criteria (numerical ranges). Establish quality guidelines
Tablet tests
Disintegration, Friaing, Hardness and dissolution
Qualitive Analysis Def
Looking at substance (eg it’s substituents) to identify it and ascertain nature of constituents
Quantitive Analysis Def
Substance analysis of amount and proportions of chemical constituents
Accuracy Def
The closeness of a sample value to the true value of population (mean)
Precision Def
Closeness of sample value to other values within in the samples
Repeatability Def
Can you reproduce your own results
Intermediate Precision Def
Can different people in same lab (same equipment) produce same results as you)
Reproducibility Def
Can others outside of lab produce same results
Titrimetric (titrations) and Chemical Analysis Outline
Anylate is reactated with solution of known conc. Reaction used to infer conc of anylate
Spectroscopy Def
Interactions between electromagnetic radiation and particles
EMR Spectrem (waekest to strongest)
radio wave, microwaves, Infra red, visible, UV, x-ray, gamma
Beer Lambert Law States
Concentration is proportional to absorption
IR Spectrometry
EMR causes particles to stretch/bend. Wavelength absorbed infers bond characteristics. Qualitive, shows functional groups of compound
Mass Spectroscopy
Analyte is ionised and set through electromagnetic field. Seperated by charge/mass ratio
Chromatography
Seperation of individual components in a mix by partitioning of mobile and stationary phase and polarity of solvent. Used in quantative, qualitive and seperation.
Factors causing component separation in chromotography
Polarity (like (retained in column) or unlike (passes column)), charge, size, antibodies and solvent selectivity
Immuno-assays Outline
Antibody selectivity separates wanated material from mix. Binding strong enough so substance sticks when plate is washed. Attached 2 antibodies. 1 attaches to other side of substrate and another to that antibody. 2nd Antibody has chemical for colour change when attaching to other antibody. used for detection
