Drugs Acting on CNS Flashcards
Dantrolene
Ryanodine receptor antagonist
Used for tx of malignant hyperthemia primarily
Guafenesin
Injectable or IV infusion
Centrally acting muscle relaxant
Used to help equines with intubation, smooth anesthetic induction and recovery and anesthetic sparing effect.
Phlebitis and hemolysis, concurrent use of physiostimine contraindicated
Methocarbamol
Centrally acting muscle relaxant exact mechanism is unknown oral tablets or inj used to reduce muscle spasm IV only can be irritating
Phenothiazines primarily work as
dopamine receptor antagonists
Acepromazine
effective sedative with some muscle relaxation, no analgesia
Hypotension adverse effect
Boxers are sensitive to cv effects
extrapyrimidal signs may be seen
Butyrophenones are _____ similar to ______
Dopamine antagonists similar to phenothiazines
Azaperone
reduces aggression in swine, often combined with Butrophanol and Medetomidine (BAM)
Benzodiazepines MoA
potentiate GABAa receptors (GABA is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter and anything that potentiates in decreases neural firing).
What drug causes hepatic necrosis in cats?
Oral Diazepam
Pharmacologic actions of benzodiazepines
generally mild sedation good skeletal muscle relaxation sedation more effective in ruminants anticonvulsant minimal cardiac and respiratory effects no analgesia
What are the benzodiazepine drugs?
Diazepam
Midazolam
Alprazolam
Flumazenil
reversal agent for benzodiazepines
MoA for a-2 agonists
activate a-2 adrenergic and non-adreneric receptors which causes negative feedback in the adrenergic system thus decreasing sympathetic outflow
Human experience profound hypotension if accidentally poked with
a-2 agonists, xylazine
Pharmacokinetics of a-2 agonists
IV, IM, CRI, epidurally, transmucosal
