Drug Test Final Flashcards
1
Q
What is the trade name of Acetaminophen?
A
Tylenol
2
Q
What is the onset and duration of Acetaminophen?
A
Onset: 45 min
Duration: 3-4 hours
3
Q
What is the classification of Acetaminophen?
A
Analgesic, antipyretic
4
Q
What is the action of Acetaminophen?
A
Analgesic activity, antipyretic
5
Q
What is the indication of Acetaminophen?
A
Fever, pain
6
Q
What are the contra/ cautions of Acetaminophen?
A
Liver dysfunction
7
Q
What are the side/ adverse effects of Acetaminophen?
A
Nausea, vomiting, hepatoxicity
8
Q
What is the route/ administration of Acetaminophen?
A
Oral/ rectal, may repeat every 4 hours
9
Q
What is the adult dose of Acetaminophen?
A
650-1000mg (max of 4 grams per day)
10
Q
What is the pediatric dose of Acetaminophen?
A
15mg/kg (max 75 mg/kg)
11
Q
What is the trade name of Activated Charcoal?
A
EZ-Char, Actidose, Liqui-Char
12
Q
What is the onset and duration of Activated Charcoal?
A
Onset: 20 minutes to over an hour
Duration: up to 3 hrs
13
Q
What is the classification of Activated Charcoal?
A
Adsorbent
14
Q
What is the action of Activated Charcoal?
A
Binds to and adsorbs toxic substances from the GI tract
15
Q
What is the indication of Activated Charcoal?
A
Oral poisonings and medication overdose
16
Q
What are the contra/ cautions of Activated Charcoal?
A
Patient unable to swallow. Ingestion of corrosives, caustics, liquids, hydrocarbons. Patients with undiagnosed abdominal pain or known GI obstruction.
17
Q
What are the side/ adverse effects of Activated Charcoal?
A
Aspiration, constipation, vomiting
18
Q
What is the route/ administration of Activated Charcoal?
A
Oral/ nasogastric tube. Call medical control before using. Shake well.
19
Q
What is the adult dose of Activated Charcoal?
A
25-50 grams
20
Q
What is the pediatric dose of Activated Charcoal?
A
1g/kg
21
Q
What is the trade name of Adenosine?
A
Adenocard
22
Q
What is the onset and duration of Adenosine?
A
Onset: Rapid
Duration: Brief
23
Q
What is the classification of Adenosine?
A
Antiarrhythmic
24
Q
What is the action of Adenosine?
A
Slows conduction through the AV node.
25
What is the indication of Adenosine?
Symptomatic SVT/ PSVT
26
What are the contra/ cautions of Adenosine?
2nd or 3rd degree heart block, drug induced tachycardia.
27
What is the side/ adverse effects of Adensoine?
Cardiac arrest, bronchospasm, chest pain, hypotension, SOB.
28
What is the route/ administration of Adenosine?
IV/IO rapid followed by immediate flush may repeat every 3 minutes.
29
What is the adult dose of Adenosine?
6mg 1st dose, 12 mg2nd dose.
30
What is the pediatric dose of Adenosine?
0.1 mg/kg 1st dose, 0.2 mg/kg 2nd dose.
31
What is the trade name of Albuterol?
Proventil, Ventolin
32
What is the onset and duration of Albuterol?
Onset: 5-15min
Duration: 2-6 hours
33
What is the classification of Albuterol?
Sympathomimetic, bronchodilator, beta 2 agonist
34
What is the action of Albuterol?
Relaxation of bronchial muscles and peripheral vasculature.
35
What is the indication of Albuterol?
Asthma exacerbation, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, allergic reaction.
36
What is are the contra/ cautions of Albuterol?
Tachycardia, synergistic with other sympathomimetics.
37
What are the side/ adverse effects of Albuterol?
Palpitations, chest pain, tachycardia, hypertension, tremors.
38
What is the route/ administration of Albuterol?
Inhalation, medication is nebulized, may be repeated every 10 minutes.
39
What is the adult dose of Albuterol?
2.5mg in 3cc of NS
40
What is the pediatric dose of Albuterol?
> 1-year-old 2.5 mg in 3 cc of NS
| < 1-year-old 1.25 mg in 3 cc of NS
41
What are the trade names of Amiodarone?
Cordarone, Pacerone
42
What is the onset and duration of Amiodarone?
Onset: Immediate
Duration: Variable but considered 30-45 dyas
43
What is the classification of Amiodarone?
Antiarrhythmic
44
What is the action of Amiodarone?
Delays repolarization and increases the duration of action potential.
45
What is the indication of Amiodarone?
V-fib, Pulseless V-Tach, Stable wide complex tachycardia, ROSC
46
What is are the contra and cautions of Amiodarone?
Sinus bradycardia, heart blocks
47
What are the side/ adverse effects of Amiodarone?
Loss of coordination, numbness or tingling, liver and lung problems.
48
What is the route/ administration of Amiodarone?
V-fib, Pulseless V-Tach: IV/IO
Stable wide complex tachycardia: IV/IO push over 10 minutes
ROSC: IV drip only if amiodarone bolus was used previously.
49
What is the adult dose of Amiodarone?
V-fib, Pulseless V-Tach: 300mg 150mg
Stable wide complex tachycardia: 150mg repeated once
ROSC: 1 mg/min when using a drip
50
What is the pediatric dose of Amiodarone?
V-fib, Pulseless V-Tach: 5 mg/kg may be repeated twice max of 15mg/kg
Stable wide complex tachycardia: 5mg/kg repeated once.
51
What is the trade name of Aspirin?
ASA, Bayer
52
What is the onset and duration of Aspirin?
Onset: 15-30 min
Duration: 4-6 hours
53
What is the classification of Aspirin?
Anti-Platelet aggregate, anti-inflammatory agent, NSAID.
54
What is the action of Aspirin?
Prevents platelets from clumping
55
What is the indication of Aspirin?
ACS, new onset chest pain, mild to moderate fever and pain.
56
What are the Contra/ Cautions of Aspirin?
Pediatrics, caution with patient on blood thinners, active ulcers or asthma.
57
What are the Side/ Adverse effects of Aspirin?
Prolonged bleeding, GI bleeding, wheezing, Tinnitus, heart burn
58
What is the route/ administration of Aspirin?
Oral Preferably chewed
59
What is the adult dose of Aspirin?
324mg
60
What is the pediatric dose of Aspirin?
Do not give to Pediatrics
61
What is the trade name of Atropine?
None
62
What is the onset/duration of Atropine?
Onset: Rapid
Duration: 2-6 hours
63
What is the classification of Atropine?
Parasympatholytic, anticholinergic agent
64
What is the action of Atropine?
Increases heart rate
65
What is the indication of Atropine?
Unstable bradycardia, Organophosphate poisoning/ Nerve agents
66
What are the contra/ cautions of Atropine?
Tachycardia, hypothermic bradycardia, caution with glaucoma.
67
What is side/ adverse effects of Atropine?
Palpitations
68
What is the route/ administration of Atropine?
IV/IO/IM Unstable brady- repeat every 3-5min
| Nerve agents: every 15 minutes until patient improves.
69
What is the adult dose of Atropine?
Unstable bradycardia: .5mg (max 3mg) may be repeated every 3-5 minutes.
Organophosphate poisoning: 2.0mg (mild to moderate symptoms) 4.0mg
70
What is the pediatric dose of Atropine?
Unstable bradycardia: 0.02 mg/kg may be repeated once (max single dose 0.5mg, Minimum dose 0.1mg)
Organophosphate poisoning: See department protocols doses start at 0.02mg/kg
71
What is the trade name of Calcium Chloride?
none
72
What is the onset/ duration of Calcium Chloride?
Onset: 5-15min
Duration: Dose dependent but may last up to 4 hours
73
What is the classification of Calcium Chloride?
Electrolyte
74
What is the action of Calcium Chloride?
Increases the cardiac contractility
75
What is the indication of Calcium Chloride?
Hypocalcemia, overdoses of magnesium sulfate, beta blockers, or calcium channel blockers, crush injuries.
76
What is the contra/ cautions of Calcium Chloride?
Hypercalcemia, V-fib, digitalis toxicity
77
What is the are the side/ adverse effects of Calcium Chloride?
Cardiac arrest, dysrhythmias, bradycardia, peripheral vasodilation.
78
What is the route/ administration of Calcium Chloride?
IV/ IO
Hypocalcemia and Overdoses: May repeat as needed every 5 minutes push slowly.
Crush injuries: give prior to releasing load
79
What is the adult dose of calcium chloride?
Hypocalcemia and Overdoses: 500-1000mg
| Crush Injuries: 1 gram
80
What is the pediatric dose of Calcium Chloride?
Hypocalcemia and Overdoses: 20 mg/kg
| Crush injuries: Call OLMC
81
What is the trade name of Dextrose?
Glucose, D50, D25, D10
82
What is the onset/ duration of Dextrose?
Onset: 1 min
Duration: variable depending on degree
83
What is the classification of Dextrose?
Carbohydrate
84
What is the action of Dextrose?
Increase blood sugar level
85
What is the indication of Dextrose?
Hypoglycemia, no gag reflex (oral glucose)
86
What is the contra/ cautions of Dextrose?
Caution with intercranial hemorrhage
87
What are the side/ adverse effects of Dextrose?
Tissue necrosis if IV site is infiltrated
88
What is the route/ administration of Dextrose?
IV/IO/Oral titrate to effect, pediatric doses are diluted in normal saline
89
What is the Adult dose of Dextrose?
Oral glucose: 15g
| Dextrose: 25g
90
What is the pediatric dose of Dextrose?
Oral glucose: 7.5g, D10 2ml/kg <1month
| Infants up to a year D10 5ml/kg, children over a year D25 2ml/kg
91
What is the trade name of Diazepam?
Valium
92
What is the onset and duration of Diazepam?
Onset:1-5min IV 15-30 IM
| Duration 15-60 min
93
What is the classification of Diazepam?
Benzodiazepine
94
What is the action of Dizepam?
Induces amnesia and sedation, raises seizure threshold.
95
What is the indication of Diazepam?
Seizures, chemical sedation, anxiety
96
What are the contra/ cautions of Diazepam?
Respiratory depression, coma, head injury.
97
What are the side/ adverse effects of Diazepam?
Respiratory depression, muscle weakness
98
What is the route and administration of Diazepam?
IV/IO Rectal every 5 min
99
What is the adult dose of Diazepam?
5-10mg (max 30mg), cut dose in half for patients on narcotics or alcohol.
100
What is the pediatric dose of Diazepam?
0.1mg/kg (max 10mg)
101
What is the trade name of Diphenhydramine?
Benadryl
102
What is the onset/ duration of Diphenhydramine?
Onset: 5-15min with max effects in 1-3 hrs
Duration: 6-12 hrs
103
What is the classification of Diphenhydramine?
Antihistamine, anticholinergic agent
104
What is the action of Diphenhydramine?
Blocks histamine receptors, decrease vasodilation
105
What is the indication of Diphenhydramine?
Moderate to severe allergic reaction
106
What are the contra/ cautions of Diphenhydramine?
Pregnancy, infants, nursing mothers, patients taking MAOIs, asthma.
107
What are the side/ adverse effects of Diphenhydramine?
sedation, paradoxical excitement in children, increase bronchial secretions
108
What is the route/ administration of Diphenhydramine?
IV/IO/IM
109
What is the adult dose of Diphenhydramine?
25-50 mg
110
What is the pediatric dose of Diphenhydramine?
1 mg/kg
111
What is the trade name of Dopamine?
Intropin
112
What is the onset/ duration of Dopamine?
Onset:2-4 min
Duration:10-15 min
113
What is the classification of Dopamine?
Sympathomimetic, vasopressor
114
What is the action of Dopamine?
inotropic and chronotropic effects increase blood pressure.
115
What is the indication of Dopamine?
Hypotension, bradycardia
116
What are the contra/ cautions of Dopamine?
Hypovolemic shock, tachydysrhythmias, V-fib
117
What are the side/ adverse effects of Dopamine?
Anxiety, hypertension, chest pain increased myocardial oxygen demand.
118
What is the rout/ administration of Dopamine?
IV/IO titrate to increase blood pressure to 100 systolic, titrate too normal pediatric blood pressure.
119
What is the adult dose of Dopamine?
2-20 mcg/kg/min
120
What is the pediatric dose of Dopamine?
2-20 mcg/kg/min
121
What is the trade name of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
Adrenalin
122
What is the onset/ duration of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
Onset: 1-2 min IV/IO 5-10min IM
Duration: 5-10min
123
What is the classification of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
Sympathomimetic
124
What is the action of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
Vasoconstriction, positive inotropic, chronotropic and dromotropic effects.
125
What is the indication of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
Cardiac arrest, Neonatal resuscitation when HR is less than 60
126
What is the contra/ cautions of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
Hypertension, hypothermia
127
What are the side/ adverse effects of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
Tachycardia, hypertension, chest pain
128
What is the route/ administration of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
IV/IO may repeat every 3-5 minutes.
129
What is the adult dose of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
1mg
130
What is the pediatric dose of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
cardiac arrest: 0.01 mg/kg
| Neonatal resuscitation: 0.01-0.03 mg/kg
131
What is the trade name of Fentanyl?
Sublimaze
132
What is the onset/ duration of Fentanyl?
Fast/ Moderate
133
What is the classification of Fentanyl?
Opioid analgesic
134
What is the action of Fentanyl?
Binds to opiate receptors producing analgesia
135
What is the indication of fentanyl?
Pain Management
136
What are the contra/ cautions of Fentanyl?
Traumatic brain injury, patients taking MAOI, myasthenia gravis, respiratory depression.
137
What are the side/ adverse effects of Fentanyl?
CNS depression, nausea, vomiting
138
What is the route/ administration of Fentanyl?
IV/IN/IM/IO doses may be given every 10 minutes
139
What is the adult dose of Fentanyl?
50-100 mcg (max 200mcg)
140
What is the pediatric dose of Fentanyl?
1 mcg/kg (max 75 mcg per dose)
| 2 mcg/kg for intranasal (max 100mcg per dose)
141
What is the trade name of Furosemide?
Lasix
142
What is the onset/ duration of Furosemide?
Onset: 15-20 min IV
Duration: 2 hrs
143
What is the classification of Furosemide?
loop diuretic
144
What is the action of Furosemide?
increases urine output
145
What is the indication of Furosemide?
CHF, pulmonary edema, hypertensive crisis
146
What is the contra/ cautions of Furosemide?
Hypovolemia, anuria, hypotension, pregnancy
147
What are the side/ adverse effects of Furosemide?
ECG changes, hypotension
148
What is the route/ administration of Furosemide?
IV/IO
149
What is the adult dose of Furosemide?
40 mg (max of 80 mg) or twice the amount of pt prescribed dose max (120 mg)
150
What is the pediatric dose of Furosemide?
call OLMC
151
What is the trade name of Glucagon?
GlucaGen
152
What is the onset/ duration of Glucagon?
Onset: 10-20 min IM 1 min IV
Duration: 60-90 min
153
What is the classification of Glucagon?
Pancreatic hormone, insulin antagonist
154
What is the action of Glucagon?
Increases blood sugar level by stimulating glycogenolysis
155
What is the indication of Glucagon?
Hypoglycemia
156
What are the contra/ cautions of Glucagon?
Hyperglycemia
157
What is are the side/ adverse effects of Glucagon?
Rebound hypoglycemia, hypertension
158
What is the route/ administration of Glucagon?
IV/IO/IM
159
What is the adult dose of Glucagon?
1 mg
160
What is the pediatric dose of Glucagon?
0.1 mg/kg
161
What is the trade name of Haloperidol?
Haldol
162
What is the onset/ duration of Haloperidol?
Onset: 30-60 min IM
| Duration 12-24 hrs
163
What is the classification of haloperidol?
Tranquilizer, antipsychotic
164
What is the action of Haloperidol?
Sedative effect
165
What is the indication of Haloperidol?
Acute psychotic episodes
166
What are the contra/ cautions of Haloperidol?
Parkinson disease, depressed CNS, pregnancy, head injury
167
What are the side/ adverse effects of Haloperidol?
Seizures, dystonia, QT prolongation
168
What is the route/ administration of Haloperidol?
IM/ IV/IO
169
What is the Adult dose of Haloperidol?
IM: 5-10 mg
| IV/IO: 2-5 mg
170
What is the pediatric dose for Haloperidol?
Not recommended for kids under 6 years,
0.15 mg/kg 6-12 years old
12 years old use adult dose.
171
What is the trade name of Ibuprofen?
Motrin
172
What is the onset/ duration of Ibuprofen?
Onset: 30-60 min
Duration: 6-8 hours
173
What is the classification of Ibuprofen?
Analgesic, antipyretic, NSAID
174
What is the indication of Ibuprofen?
fever, pain
175
What are the contra/ cautions of Ibuprofen?
Children under 6 months old, immune- compromised patients
176
What are the side/ adverse effects of Ibuprofen?
GI intolerance
177
What is the route/ administration of Ibuprofen?
Oral may be given every 6-8 hours. Consider alternating with Acetaminophen
178
What is the adult dose of Ibuprofen?
800mg
179
What is the pediatric dose of Iburprofen?
10 mg/kg (max of 40 mg/kg/day)
180
What is the action of Ibuprofen?
Analgesic activity, antipyretic activity
181
What is the trade name of ipratropium?
Atrovent
182
What is the onset/ duration of Ipatropium?
Onset: 5-15 min
Duration: 4-6 hr
183
What is the classification of Ipatropium?
Anticholinergic, bronchodilator
184
What is the action of Ipratropium?
Inhibits interaction of acetylcholine at the receptor sites of bronchial smooth muscle.
185
What are the indications of Ipratropium?
persistent bronchospasm, COPD exacerbation, wheezing
186
What are the contra/ cautions of Ipratropium?
Atropine, alkaloids, allergy to peanuts
187
What are the side/ adverse effects of Ipratropium?
Dyspnea, tachycardia, palpitations, MI
188
What is the route/ administration of Ipratropium?
Nebulized and mixed with first dose of albuterol
189
What is the adult dose of Ipratropium?
0.5 mg
190
What is the pediatric dose of Ipratropium?
5-12 years old 0.125-0.25 mg
| 12 year and older 0.25-0.5 mg
191
What is the trade name of Ketamine?
Ketalar
192
What is the onset/ Duration of Ketamine?
Onset: 30 seconds
Duration:5-10 min
193
What is the classification of Ketamine?
Anesthetic agent
194
What is the action of Ketamine?
Analgesic effects and sedation.
195
What is the indication of Ketamine?
Pain or anxiety only given if opiates are not tolerated. May be given if patient has marginal vitals that may worsen with opiate administration.
Chemical sedation, excited delirium
196
What is the contra/ caution of ketamine?
Severe Hypertension
197
What are the side effects of ketamine?
Hypertension, Tachycardia, Increased ICP, Visual hallucinations.
198
What is the route/ administration of Ketamine?
Pain/ Anxiety: may be given every 5 minutes, IN dose given once
Chemical sedation, excited delirium: IV/ IO/ IM given once
199
What is the adult dose of Ketamine?
Pain/ anxiety: 10-20 mg (max 40 mg), 50 mg IN dose.
| Chemical sedation: 2mg/kg IV 4mg/kg IM
200
What is the pediatric dose of Ketamine?
Pain/ anxiety: 0.15-0.3 mg/kg (max .6 mg/kg), 0.7 mg/kg IN dose
Chemical sedation: 1 mg/kg, 3mg/kg IM dose
201
What is the onset and duration of Lactated Ringers?
Onset: Immediate
Duration: Effects cease after infusion
202
What is the classification of Lactated ringers?
Isotonic crystalloid solution
203
What is the action of Lactated Ringers?
Replaces water and electrolytes
204
What are the indications for Lactated Ringers?
Hypovolemic shock, IV maintenance
205
What are the contra/ cautions of Lactated Ringers?
Congestive heart failure, renal failure
206
What are the side/ adverse effects of Lactated Ringers?
Rare in therapeutic dosages
207
What is the route and administration of Lactated Ringers?
IV/IO
208
What is the adult dose of Lactated Ringers?
500ml increments (max 2 liters)
209
What is the Pediatric dose of Lactated Ringers?
20ml/kg (max 60ml/kg call OLMC for further dosing)
210
What is the trade name of Lidocaine?
Xylocaine
211
What is the onset/ duration of Lidocaine?
Onset: 30-90 sec
Duration:10-20 minutes
212
What is the classification of Lidocaine?
Antidysrhythmic
213
What is the action of Lidocaine?
Decreases automaticity of cardiac cells
214
What is the indication of Lidocaine?
Cardiac arrest, stable wide area tachycardia, post cardiac arrest, severe cough, conscious IO administration.
215
What are the contra/ cautions of Lidocaine?
2nd or 3rd degree heart blocks, bradycardia, Stokes-Adams syndrome.
216
What are the side/ adverse effects of Lidocaine?
respiratory arrest, dysrhythmias
217
What is the route/ administration of Lidocaine?
IV/IO repeat every 3-5 minutes, slow push
218
What is the adult dose of Lidocaine?
Cardiac arrest: 1.0-1.5 mg/kg (max 3 mg/kg),
Post cardiac arrest: 2-4 mg/min,
Severe Cough:40-60 mg added to ns,
Conscious IO: 20-50 mg
219
What is the pediatric dose of Lidocaine?
Cardiac arrest:1 mg/kg (max 3 mg/kg),
| Conscious IO: .5 mg/kg
220
What is the trade name of Lorazepam?
Ativan
221
What is the onset/ duration of Lorazepam?
Onset: 1-3 min IV, 10-30 IM
Duration:2 hrs
222
What is the classification of Lorazepam?
Benzodiazepine
223
What is the action of Lorazepam?
induces amnesia and sedation, raises seizure threshold.
224
What is the indication of Lorazepam?
Seizures, severe anxiety, sedation
225
What are the contra/ cautions of Lorazepam?
CNS depression, hypotension, bradycardia
226
What is the route/ administration of Lorazepam?
IV/IO may be given every 5 minutes
227
What is the adult does of Lorazepam?
1-2 mg max of 4 mg
228
What is the pediatric dose of Lorazepam?
0.1 mg/kg
229
What is the onset/ duration of Magnesium Sulfate?
Onset: Immediate IV
Duration: 30 min IV
230
What is the classification of Magnesium Sulfate?
Electrolyte
231
What is the action of Magnesium Sulfate?
Reduces striate muscle contractions, induces uterine relaxation.
232
What is the indication of Magnesium Sulfate?
Seizures of eclampsia, Torsades de pointes
233
What are the contra/ cautions of magnesium Sulfate?
Heart blocks, myocardial damage
234
What are the side. adverse effects of Magnesium Sulfate?
CNS depression, abnormal ECG, vasodilation
235
What is the route/ administration of Magnesium Sulfate?
Seizures of eclampsia: IV/IO (given over 15 to 30 minutes) IM,
Torsades de pointes: IV,IO given over 2 minutes
236
What is the adult dose of Magnesium Sulfate?
Seizures of Eclampsia: 4g
| Torsades de Pointes: 1-2 g
237
What is the pediatric dose of Magnesium Sulfate?
Torsades de Pointes: 25-50 mg/kg
238
What is the trade name of Midazolam?
Versed
239
What is the onset/ duration of Midazolam?
Onset: 1-3 min IV
Duration: 2-6 hours IV
240
What is the classification of Midazolam?
Benzodiazepine
241
What is the action of Midazolam?
Induces amnesia and sedation, raises seizure threshold
242
What are the indication of Midazolam?
seizures, chemical sedation, anxiety
243
What are the contra/ cautions of Midazolam?
Respiratory depression, coma
244
What is the side/ adverse effect of Midazolam?
Respiratory depression
245
What is the route/ administration of Midazolam?
IV/IO Titrate to effect, IN, IM
246
What is the adult dose of Midazolam?
IV/IO: 2 mg increments max of 10 mg
IN: 5 mg each nostril (max 10 mg)
IM: 5 mg may be repeated once after 10 min (max 10 mg). Cut dose in half for patients on narcotics or alcohol.
247
What is the onset/ duration of Morphine?
Onset:1-2 min
Duration: 2-7 hrs
248
What is the classification of Morphine?
Opioid analgesic
249
What is the action of Morphine?
Alleviates pain, decreases Myocardial oxygen demand by lowering BP
250
What is the indication of Morphine?
Moderate to severe pain, chest pain
251
What are the contra/ cautions of Morphine?
Head injury, CVA, depressed respiratory drive, undiagnosed abdominal pain, hypotension, MAOI use within 14 days.
252
What are the side/ adverse effects of Morphine?
Sedation, CNS depression, syncope
253
What is the route / administration of Morphine?
IV/IO/IM may be given every 10 minutes, titrate to effect
254
What is the adult dose of Morphine?
4-10 mg (max 20 mg) call OLMC for additional doses
255
What is the pediatric dose of Morphine?
0.1 mg/kg (max 4 mg per dose.)
256
What is the trade name of Naloxone?
Narcan
257
What is the onset/ duration of Naloxone?
Onset: 2 min
Duration: 30-60 min (not as long as Heroin)
258
What is the classification of Naloxone?
Opioid Antagonist
259
What is the action of Naloxone?
Competitive inhibition oat narcotic receptor sites
260
What is the indication of Naloxone?
Opiate overdose
261
What is the caution/ cautions of Naloxone?
Caution with narcotic- dependent patients
262
What are the side/ adverse effects of Naloxone?
Withdrawal symptoms, nausea, vomiting, seizures
263
What is the route/ administration of Naloxone?
IV/IN/IM/IO may repeat once
264
What is the adult dose of Naloxone?
0.4-2.0mg
265
What is the pediatric dose of Naloxone?
0.1 mg/kg
266
What is the trade name of Nitroglycerin?
Nitrostat, Nitro-bid, Tridil
267
What is the onset/ duration of Nitroglycerin?
Onset 1-3 min and duration 30-60 min
268
What is the classificaiton of Nitroglycerin?
Vasodilator
269
What is the action of Nitroglycerin?
Smooth muscle relaxant, decreases workload on the heart.
270
What is the indication of Nitroglycerin?
Acute chest pain, hypertension, CHF, Pulmonary edema
271
What are the contra/ cautions of Nitroglycerin?
Systolic blood pressure under 100, severe bradycardia, tachycardia, Patients who have taken Cialis, Levitra, or Viagra in the last 48 hrs. Patients who have taken pulmonary hypertension medications within 24 hrs.
272
What is the side/ adverse effects of Nitroglycerin?
Hypotension
273
What is the route/ administration of Nitroglycerin?
Sublingual may be repeated every 5 minutes
274
What is the adult dose of Nitroglycerin?
0.4mg (max 1.2 mg)
275
What is the trade name of Ondansetron?
Zofran
276
What is the onset/ duration of Ondansetron?
Onset:15-30 min
Duration: 3-6 hr
277
What is the classification of Ondansetron?
Antiemetic, serotonin receptor antagonist
278
What is the action of Ondansetron?
Blocks serotonin causing a decrease in nausea/ vomiting
279
What is the indication of Ondansetron?
Nausea or Vomiting
280
What are the contra/ cautions of Ondansetron?
Hypersensitivity, GI obstruction, use caution with liver disease
281
What are the side/ adverse effects of Ondansetron?
ECG irregularities (rare), dizziness, headache, hiccups, pruritus, chills.
282
What is the route/ administration of Ondansetron?
IV/IM/PO
283
What is the Adult dose of Ondansetron?
4-8 mg
284
What is the pediatric dose of Ondansetron?
0.1 mg/kg ( max 4 mg)
285
What is the trade name of Oxytocin?
Pitocin
286
What is the Onset/ duration of Oxytocin?
Onset: Immediate
Duration: 1 hour
287
What is the classification of Oxytocin?
Pituitary hormone
288
What is the action of Oxytocin?
Increases uterine contractions
289
What is the indication of Oxytocin?
Excessive hemorrhaging after placenta is delivered
290
What are the contra/ cautions of Oxytocin?
Presence of Second fetus, bradycardia
291
What are the side. adverse effects of Oxytocin?
Stimulates lactation, seizures, anxiety, dysrhythmias
292
What is the route/ administration of Oxytocin?
IM, if bleeding continues call OLMC to start IV/IO drip
293
What is the adult dose of Oxytocin?
10 units
| Drip: 40 units in 1000mL of NS
294
What is the trade name of Promethazine?
Phenergan
295
What is the onset/ duration of Promethazine?
Onset: Rapid by IV
Duration: 4-6 hr
296
What is the classification of Promethazine?
Antiemetic, antihistamine
297
What is the action of Promethazine?
Blocks action of histamine, anti-motion, antiemetic, potentiates narcotic
298
What is the indication of Promethazine?
Nausea, Vomiting, potentiating analgesic effects of narcotics
299
What are the contra/ cautions of Promethazine?
CNS depression from other drugs, lower respiratory symptoms
300
What is the side/ adverse effects of Promethazine?
Sedation, confusion, tissue irritation
301
What is the route/ administration of Promethazine?
IV: Push slowly and dilute medication in 10 mL normal saline.
IM: administer only if systolic is over 100
302
What is the adult dose of Promethazine?
IV: 12.5-25 mg
IM: 25 mg
303
What is the pediatric dose of Promethazine?
Not recommended call OLMC
304
What is the trade name of Propofol?
Diprivan
305
What is the onset/duration of Propofol?
Onset: rapid onset action that is dose dependent and less than a minute
306
What is the classification of Propofol?
Sedative hypnotic, short acting
307
What is the action of Propofol?
rapid and brief general anesthesia
308
What is the indication of Propofol?
rapid sequence intubation, anesthesia
309
What are the contra/ cautions of Propofol?
Hypovolemia, hypersensitivity to soybean oil, peanuts and eggs
310
What are the side/ adverse effects of Propofol?
seizures, apnea, dysrhythmias, acute renal failure
311
What is the route/ administration of Propofol?
IV/IO
312
What is the adult dose of Propofol?
Induction dose 1.5-3 mg/kg, maintenance infusion 25-75 ug/kg/min
313
What is the pediatric dose of Propofol?
induction dose 2.5-3.5 mg/kg, maintenance infusion 125-300 ug/kg/min
314
What is the onset/ duration of Sodium Bicarbonate?
Onset: 2-10 min
Duration: 30-60 min
315
What is the classification of Sodium Bicarbonate?
Systemic hydrogen ion buffer
316
What is the action of Sodium Bicarbonate?
Buffers metabolic acidosis
317
What is the indication of Sodium Bicarbonate?
Metabolic acidosis from cardiac arrest
Tricyclic antidepressant overdose
Crush injury
318
What is the contra. caution of Sodium Bicarbonate?
Metabolic alkalosis, electrolyte imbalance from vomiting
319
What is the side. adverse effects of Sodium bicarbonate?
Metabolic alkalosis
320
What is the route/ administration of Sodium Bicarbonate?
IV/IO
Tricyclic antidepressant overdose: Heart rate over 120 QRS wider than .1 secs
Crush injury: Administer normal bolus than hang liter bag with mEq/kg
321
What is the adult dose of sodium bicarbonate?
Metabolic acidosis from cardiac arrest: 1-2 mEq/kg
Tricyclic antidepressant overdose: 1 mEq/kg
Crush injury: 1 mEq/kg
322
What is the pediatric dose of sodium bicarbonate?
1 mEq/kg call OLMC
323
What is the onset/ duration of Sodium Chloride?
Onset: immediate
Duration: effects cease after infusion
324
What is the trade name of .9% sodium chloride?
Normal saline
325
What is the classification of .9% sodium chloride?
Isotonic crystalloid solution
326
What is the action of .9% sodium chloride?
replaces water and electrolytes
327
What is the indication for .9% sodium chloride?
Traumatic shock
| Non traumatic shock
328
What are the contra/ cautions of .9% sodium chloride?
Congestive heart failure, caution with wet lung sounds
329
What is the side/ adverse effects of .9% sodium chloride?
rare in therapeutic doses
330
What is the route and administration of .9% sodium chloride?
IV/IO
331
What is the adult dose of .9% sodium chloride?
Traumatic shock: 500 mL increments, closed head injury 110-120 systolic, Open head injury maintain 80-90 systolic.
Non traumatic shock: 500 mL increments max 2 liters
332
What is the pediatric dose of .9% sodium chloride?
20 ml/kg (max of 60 ml/kg call OLMC for further dosing
333
What is the trade name of Succinylcholine Chloride?
Anectine
334
What is the onset/ duration of Succinylcholine Chloride?
Onset: less than 1 min
Duration: 5-10 min
335
What is the classification of Succinylcholine Chloride?
Neuromuscular blocker
336
What is the action of Succinylcholine Chloride?
Short acting skeletal muscle relaxant
337
What is the indication of Succinylcholine Chloride?
Rapid sequence intubation
338
What are the contra/ cautions of Succinylcholine Chloride?
Major burns, extensive injury
339
What are the side/ adverse effects of Succinylcholine Chloride?
Respiratory depression, dysrhythmias, cardia arrest
340
What is the route/ administration of Succinylcholine Chloride?
IV/IO push quickly repeat once if needed
341
What is the adult dose of Succinylcholine Chloride?
1.0-1.5 mg/kg
342
What is the pediatric dose of Succinylcholine Chloride?
1.0-1.5 mg/kg 2.0 mg/kg for infants
343
What is the trade name of Vasopressin?
Pitressin
344
What is he onset/ duration of Vasopressin?
Onset: Immediate
Duration: variable
345
What is the classification of Vasopressin?
vasopressor
346
What is the action of Vasopressin?
stimulation of smooth muscle receptors
347
What is the indication of Vasopressin?
Alternative to epinephrine in cardiac arrest
348
What are the contra/ cautions of Vasopressin?
Caution with coronary artery disease, epilepsy or heart failure
349
What are the side/ adverse effects of Vasopressin?
Chest pain, dysrhythmia
350
What is the route/ administration of Vasopressin?
IV/IO 1st or 2nd dose of epinephrine. Given once
351
What is the adult dose of Vasopressin?
40 units
352
What is the trade name of Vecuronium Bromide?
Norcuron
353
What is the onset/ duration of Vecuronium Bromide
Onset: 3-5 min
Duration: 20-35 min
354
What is the classification of Vecuronium Bromide?
Neuromuscular blocker
355
What is the action of Vecuronium Bromide?
Skeletal muscle relaxant
356
What is the indication of Vecuronium Bromide?
Rapid Sequence Intubation
357
What are the contra/ cautions of Vecuronium Bromide?
Newborns, myasthenia gravis, hepatic or renal failure
358
What is the side/ adverse effects of Vecuronium Bromide?
Respiratory depression, dysrhythmias, cardiac arrest
359
What is the route/ administration of Vecuronium Bromide?
IV/IO
Adult: maintenance dose within 40-45 min after induction dose
Pediatric: maintenance dose within 20-40 minutes after induction dose
360
What is the adult dose of Vecuronium Bromide?
0.1-0.2 mg/kg
361
What is the pediatric dose of Vecuronium Bromide?
0.01-0.015 mg/kg
