All Drug Test Flashcards
1
Q
By what action does Amiodarone work?
A
Delays polarization and increases duration of action potential.
2
Q
By what action does Atropine work?
A
Increases heart rate.
3
Q
What are the contraindications and cautions for .9% sodium chloride?
A
Congestive heart failure. Caution with wet lung sounds.
4
Q
What are the Contraindications and Cautions of Lactated Ringers?
A
Congestive heart failure, renal failure.
5
Q
What are the contraindications/ cautions for Atropine?
A
Tachycardia, hypothermic bradycardia, caution with glaucoma.
6
Q
what are the contraindications/ cautions of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
A
Hypertension, hypothermia
7
Q
What are the contraindications/ cautions of Nitroglycerin?
A
Systolic blood pressure under 100, severe bradycardia, tachycardia. Patients who have taken Cialis, Levitra or Viagra in the last 48 hrs. Patient who have taken pulmonary hypertension medications within 24hrs.
8
Q
What are the indications for Amiodarone?
A
V-Fib, Pulseless V-Tach, Stable wide complex tachycardia, ROSC.
9
Q
What are the indications for Atropine?
A
Unstable bradycardia, Organophosphate poisoning/ Nerve agents.
10
Q
What are the onset and duration of Lactated Ringers?
A
Immediate and effects cease after infusion
11
Q
What are the side effects of Aspirin?
A
Prolonged bleeding. GI bleeding, Wheezing, tinnitus, Heartburn.
12
Q
What are the side or adverse effects of Lactated Ringers?
A
Rare in therapeutic dosages.
13
Q
What are the side/ adverse effects of .9% sodium chloride?
A
Rare in therapeutic dosages.
14
Q
What are the side/ adverse effects of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
A
Tachycardia, hypertension, chest pain.
15
Q
What are the side/ adverse effects of Nitroglycerin?
A
Hypotension.
16
Q
What are the side/ adverse effects of Atropine?
A
Palpitations
17
Q
What are the trade names for Nitroglycerin?
A
Tridil, Nitorbid, Nitrostat
18
Q
What are the trade names of Amiodarone?
A
Cordarone, Pacerone
19
Q
What is the action of .9% sodium chloride?
A
Replaces water and electrolytes
20
Q
What is the Action of Aspirin?
A
Prevents platelets from clumping.
21
Q
What is the action of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
A
Vasoconstriction, Positive intropic, chonotropic and dromotropic effects.
22
Q
What is the Action of Lactated Ringers?
A
Replaces water and electrolytes
23
Q
What is the action of Nitroglycerin?
A
Smooth muscle relaxant, decreases workload on the chest.
24
Q
What is the adult does of .9% sodium chloride for traumatic shock?
A
500ml increments. Closed head injuries maintain 110-120 systolic. For open head injury maintain 80-90 systolic.
25
What is the adult does of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
1mg
26
What is the adult dose of .9% sodium chloride for nontraumatic shock?
500 ml increments (max 2 liters)
27
What is the Adult dose of Aspirin?
324 mg
28
What is the adult dose of Atropine?
Unstable bradycardia: .5 mg (max 3mg) may be repeated every 3-5 min. Organophosphate/ Nerve agents: 2.0 mg-4.0 mg mild to moderate symptoms every, 15 min until patient improves.
29
What is the Adult dose of Lactated Ringers?
500ml increments (max 2 liters)
30
What is the adult dose of Nitroglycerin?
.4 mg (max of 1.2mg)
31
What is the classification of .9% sodium chloride?
Isotonic crystalloid solution
32
What is the classification of Amiodarone?
Antiarrythmic
33
What is the classification of Aspirin?
Anti-platelet aggregate, anti-inflammatory agent, NSAID
34
What is the classification of Atropine?
Parasympatholytic, anticholinergic agent.
35
What is the classification of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
Sympathomimetic
36
What is the classification of Lactated Ringers?
Isotonic Crystalloid Solution
37
What is the classification of nitroglycerin?
Vasodilator
38
What is the contra/ cautions of Aspirin?
Pediatrics, Caution with patients who take blood thinners/ Active ulcers or asthma.
39
What is the indication for .9% sodium chloride?
Traumatic shock and Non traumatic shock
40
What is the indication for Aspirin?
ACS, new onset chest pain, mild to moderate fever and pain.
41
What is the indication for Lactated Ringers?
Hypovolemic Shock, IV maintenance
42
What is the indication for Nitroglycerin?
Acute chest pain, hypertension, CHF and Pulmonary edema
43
What is the indication of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
Cardiac arrest and Neonatal resuscitation when HR less than 60.
44
What is the onset and duration of Atropine?
Onset: Rapid (\<1min) Duration: 2-6 hours
45
What is the onset and duration of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
1-2 min IV/IO and 5-10 mins IM. Duration is 5-10 min
46
What is the onset and duration of Nitroglycerin?
Onset 1-3 minutes Duration 30-60 minutes
47
What is the onset/ duration of .9% sodium chloride?
Immediate and effects cease after infusion
48
What is the onset/ duration of Amiodarone?
Onset: Immediate (\< 1 second) Duration: Variable but considered 30-45 days.
49
What is the onset/ duration of Aspirin?
Onset 15-30 min, Duration 4-6 hours
50
What is the pediatric dose of .9% sodium chloride?
20 ml/kg (max 60 ml/kg) call OLMC for further dosing.
51
What is the pediatric dose of Atropine?
Unstable bradycardia: .02 mg/kg may repeat onece (max single dose 0.5 mg minimum dose 0.1 mg) Organophosphate/ Nerve agent: start at .02mg/kg see department protocols.
52
What is the pediatric dose of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
For cardiac arrest .01 mg/kg For neonatal resuscitation .01-.03 mg/kg
53
What is the pediatric dose of Lactated Ringers?
20 ml/kg (max of 60 ML/kg call OLMC for further dosing)
54
What is the route for .9% sodium chloride?
IV/ IO
55
What is the route of Nitroglycerin?
Sublingual may be repeated every 5 minutes.
56
What is the route/ administration of Aspirin?'
Oral preferably chewed
57
What is the route/ administration of Atropine?
IV/IO/IM
58
What is the route/ administration of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
IV/ IO may be repeated every 3-5 min.
59
What is the route/ administration of lactated ringers?
IV and IO
60
What is the trade name of Aspirin?
ASA, Bayer
61
What is the Trade name of Epinephrine 1-10,000?
Adrenalin
62
What are the contra/ cautions of Amiodarone?
Sinus bradycardia, heart blocks.
63
What are the side/ adverse effects of Amiodarone?
Loss of coordination, numbess or tingling, liver and lung problems.
64
What is the route and administration of Amiodarone?
V-Fib, Pulseless V-Tach: IV/IO Stable wide complex tachycardia:IV/IO push over 10 min. Pediatric push over 20-60 min call OLMC before admin. ROSC: IV drip only if amiodrone bolus was used previously.
65
What is the adult dose of Amiodarone?
V-Fib, Pulseless V-Tach: 300 mg 150 mg Stable wide complex tachycardia: 150 mg repeated once. ROSC: 1 mg/min when using a drip.
66
What is the pediatric dose of Amiodarone?
V-Fib, Pulseless V-Tach: 5 mg/kg may be repeated twice max of 15mg/kg Stable wide complex tachycardia: 5 mg/kg repeated once.
67
What is the trade name of Lidocaine?
Xylocaine
68
What is the onset and duration of Lidocaine?
Onset: 30-90 secs Duration: 10-20 min
69
What is the classification of Lidocaine?
Antidysrhythmic
70
What is the action of Lidocaine?
Decreases automaticity of cardiac cells.
71
What is an indication for Lidocaine?
Cardiac arrest, stable wide tachycardia Post cardiac arrest Severe cough Conscious IO administration
72
What is the contra/ cautions of Lidocaine?
2nd or 3rd degree heart blocks, bradycardia, stokes-adams syndrome.
73
What are the side/adverse effects of Lidocaine?
Respiratory arrest, dysrhythmias
74
What is the Route/ Administration of Lidocaine?
IV/IO may repeat every 3-5 minutes, Conscious IO admin: Slow push
75
What is the Adult dose of Lidocaine?
Cardiac arrest, stable wide tachycardia: 1.0-1.5 mg/kg Post cardiac arrest: 2-4 mg/ min Severe cough: 40-60 mg added to nebulizer Conscious IO administration: 20-50 mg
76
What is the Pediatric dose of Ldiocaine?
Cardiac arrest, stable wide tachycardia: 1 mg/kg (max 3 mg/kg), Conscious IO administration .5 mg/kg
77
What is the trade name of Adenosine?
Adenocard
78
What is the onset/ duration of Adenosine?
Rapid(\>1min), Brief(\>1min)
79
What is the classification of Adenosine?
Antiarrhythmic
80
By what action does Adenosine work?
slows conduction through the AV node.
81
What is are the indications for Adenosine?
SVT/ PSVT
82
What are the contra/ cautions of Adenosine?
2nd or 3rd degree heart block, Drug induced tachycardia.
83
What are the side/ adverse effects of Adenosine?
cardiac arrest, bronchospasm, chest pain, hypotension, SOB.
84
What is the route/ administration of Adenosine?
IV/IO rapid push followed by immediate flush may repeat every 3 minutes.
85
What is the adult dose of Adenosine?
6 mg 1st dose. 12 mg 2nd dose.
86
What is the pediatric dose of Adenosine?
.1mg/kg 1st dose, .2 mg/kg 2nd dose.
87
What is the onset/ duration of Morphine?
Onset 1-2 min and Duration 2-7 hours
88
What is the classification of Morphine?
Opioid Analgesic
89
By what action does Morphine work?
Alleviates pain, decreases myocardial oxygen demand by lowering BP.
90
What is an indication of Morphine?
Moderate to severe pain, chest pain.
91
What are the contra/ cautions of Morphine?
Head Injury, Stroke, depressed respiratory drive, undiagnosed abdominal pain, hypotension, MAOI use within 14 days.
92
What are the side/adverse effects of Morphine?
Sedation, CNS depression, syncope.
93
What is the route and administration of Morphine?
IV/IO/IM may be given every 10 minutes titrate to effect.
94
What is the adult dose of Morphine?
4-10mg (max 20 mg) call OLMC for additional doses.
95
What is the pediatric dose of Morphine?
0.1 mg/kg (max 4 mg per dose)
96
What is the trade name of dopamine?
Intropin
97
What is the onset and duration of Dopamine?
Onset: 2-4 min Duration:2-10 min
98
What is the classification of Dopamine?
Sympathomimetic, Vasopressor
99
What is the action of Dopamine?
Inotropic and chronotropic effects increase blood pressure.
100
What is an indication to use Dopamine?
Hypotension, bradycardia
101
What is a contra/ cautions of Dopamine?
Hypovolemic shock, tachydysrhythmias, v-fib
102
What are the side/ adverse effects of Dopamine?
Anxiety, hypertension, chest pain, increased myocardial oxygen demand.
103
What is the route/ administration of Dopamine?
IV/ IO titrate to increase blood pressure to 100 systolic, tirate too normal pediatric blood pressure.
104
What is the adult dose of Dopamine?
2-20 mcg/kg/min
105
What is the adult dose of Dopamine?
2-20 mcg/kg/min
106
What is the Onset and Duration of Magnesium Sulfate?
Onset: immediate IV and Duration:30 min IV
107
What is the classification of Magnesium Sulfate?
Electrolyte
108
What is the action of Magnesium Sulfate?
Reduces striated muscle contractions, induces uterine relaxation.
109
What are the indications of Magnesium Sulfate?
Seizures of Eclampsia, Torsades de Pointes
110
What are the contra/ Cautions of Magnesium Sulfate?
Heart blocks, myocardial damage.
111
What are the side/ adverse effects of Magnesium Sulfate?
CNS depression, abnormal ECG, vasodilation.
112
What is the route/ administration of Magnesium Sulfate?
Seizures of Eclampsia: IV/ IO (given 15-30 minutes) IM, Torsades de Pointes: IV, IO given over 2 minutes
113
What is the adult dose of Magnesium Sulfate?
Seizures of eclampsia: 4g Torsades de Pointes: 1-2 g
114
What is the pediatric dose of Magnesium Sulfate?
25-50 mg/kg
115
What is the Onset/ Duration of Sodium Bicarbonate?
Onset: 2-10 min Duration 30-60 min
116
What is the classification of Sodium Bicarbonate?
Systemic hydrogen ion buffer
117
What is the action of Sodium Bicarbonate?
Buffers metabolic acidosis
118
What is an indication of Sodium Bicarbonate?
Metabolic acidosis from cardiac arrest. Tricyclic antidepressant overdose Crush injury
119
What are the Cotra/ Cautions of Sodium Bicarbonate?
Metabolic alkalosis, electrolyte imbalance from vomiting
120
What are the side/ adverse effects of Sodium Bicarbonate?
Metabolic Alkalosis
121
What is the route/ administration of Sodium Bicarbonate?
IV/IO Heat rate over 120 QRS wider than .1 seconds Administrator normal bolus then hang liter bag with 50 mEq of bicarb
122
What is the adult dose of Sodium Bicarbonate?
Metabolic acidosis from cardiac arrest: 1-2 mEq/ kg Tricyclic antidepressant overdose: 1 mEq/kg Crush injury: 1 mEq/kg
123
What is the Pediatric Dose of Sodium Bicarbonate?
1 mEq/ kg call OLMC
124
What is the trade name of Vassopressin?
Pitressin
125
What is the onset of Vasopressin?
Onset: Immediate Duration: Variable
126
What is the classification of Vasopressin?
Vasopressor
127
What is the action of Vasopressin?
Stimulation of smooth muscle receptors
128
What is the indication of Vasopressin?
Alternative to epinephrine in cardiac arrest
129
What is the Contra/ Caution of Vasopressin?
Caution with coronary artery disease, epilepsy or heart failure.
130
What are the side/ adverse effects of Vasopressin?
Chest pain, dysrhythmia
131
What is the Route/ Administration of Vasopressin?
IV/ IO replaces 1st or 2nd dose of epinephrine. Given once.
132
What is the adult dose of Vasopressin?
40 units
133
What is the trade name of Ondansetron?
Zofran
134
What is the onset/ duration of Ondansetron?
Onset: 15-30 min Duration: 3-6 hrs
135
What is the classification of Ondansetron?
Antiemetic, Serotonin receptor antagonist
136
What is the action of Ondansetron?
Blocks action of serotonin causing a decrease in nausea/ vomiting.
137
What is the indication of Ondansetron?
Nausea or Vomiting
138
What are the Contra/ Cautions of Ondansetron?
Hypersensitivity, GI obstruction, use caution with liver disease
139
What are the Side/ adverse effects of Ondansetron?
ECG irregularities (rare), dizziness, headache, hiccups, pruritus, chills.
140
What is the route/ administration of Ondansetron?
IV/ IM/ PO
141
What is the Adult dose of Ondansetron?
4-8 mg
142
What is the Pediatric dose of Ondansetron?
.1 mg/kg (max 4 mg)
143
What are the trade names for Albuterol?
Proventil, Ventolin
144
What is the onset and duration of Albuterol?
Onset: 5-15min Duration 2-6 hours.
145
What is the classification of Albuterol?
Sympathomimetic, bronchodilator, beta 2 agonist
146
By what action does Albuterol work?
Relaxes the bronchial muscles and peripheral vasculature.
147
What are the indications for Albuterol?
Asthma exacerbation, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, allergic reaction.
148
What are the contra/ cautions of Albuterol?
Tachycardia, Synergistic with other Sympathomimetics
149
What are the side/ adverse effects of Albuterol?
Palpitations, chest pain, tachycardia, hypertension, tremors.
150
What is the route and administration of Albuterol?
Inhalation, the medication is nebulized, may be repeated every 10 minutes.
151
What is the Adult dose of Albuterol?
2.5 mg in 3 cc of NS
152
What is the Pediatric dose of Albuterol?
Less than 1 year 1.25 mg in 3 cc of NS 1 year + 2.5 mg in 3 cc of NS ,
153
What is the trade name of Epinephrine 1:1000?
Adrenalin
154
What is the onset and duration of Epinephrine 1:1000?
Onset: 1-2 min IV 5-10 IM. Duration:5-10 min
155
What is the classification of Epinephrine 1:1000?
Sympathomimetic
156
What is the action of Epinephrine 1:000?
Vasoconstriction, Positive inotropic, chronotropic and dromotropic effects.
157
What is the indication of use for Epinephrine 1:1000?
Severe Hypotension, Anaphylaxis, Strider
158
What is the Contra/ Cautions of Epinephrine 1:1000?
Hypertension, Hypothermia
159
What are the side/ adverse effects of Epinephrine 1:000?
Tachycardia, hypertension, chest pain.
160
What are the Routes and administration of Epinephrine 1:1000?
Severe Hypotension: IV/IO drip Anaphylaxis:.IM every 5 min max 1.2 mg Strider: Nebulized
161
What are the Adult doses of Epinephrine 1:1000?
Severe hypotension: 2-10 mcg/ min Anaphylaxis: 0.3-0.5 mg Strider: 2ml with 3ml normal saline
162
What is the Pediatric dose of Epinephrine 1:1000?
Severe hypotension: 0.1-2mcg/kg/min Anaphylaxis: 0.01 mg/kg Strider: 2 mg with 3 ml Normal saline
163
What is the trade name of Furosemide?
Lasix
164
What is the onset and duration of Furosemide?
Onset: 15-20 min IV Duration: 2 hrs
165
What is the classification of Furosemide?
Loop Diuretic
166
What is the Action of Furosemide?
Increases Urine Output
167
What are the indications for Furosemide?
CHF, Pulmonary edema, hypertensive crisis
168
What are the contra/ cautions of Furosemide?
Hypovolemia, anuria, hypotension, pregnancy
169
What are the side/ adverse effects of Furosemide?
ECG changes, hypotension
170
What is the route/ administration of Furosemide?
IV/IO
171
What is the adult dose of Furosemide?
40 mg (max of 80 mg) or twice the amount of pt prescribed dose max (120 mg)
172
What is the pediatric dose of Furosemide?
Call OLMC
173
What is the trade name of Naloxone?
Narcan
174
What is the onset and duration of Naloxone?
Onset: 2min Duration: 30-60 min (not as long as heroin)
175
What is the classification of Naloxone?
Opioid antagonist
176
What is the action of Naloxone?
Competitive inhibition at narcotic receptor site.
177
What is the indication Naloxone?
Opiate overdose
178
What is the contra/ Cautions of Naloxone?
Caution with narcotic-dependent patients
179
What are the side/ adverse effects of Naloxone?
Withdrawal symptoms, nausea, vomiting, seizures
180
What is the route and administration of Naloxone?
IV/IN/IM/IO may repeat once
181
What is the adult dose of Naloxone?
0.4-2.0 mg
182
What is the pediatric dose of Naloxone?
0.1 mg/kg
183
What is the trade name of Ipratropium?
Atrovent
184
What is the onset and duration of Ipratropium?
Onset: 5-15 min Duration:4-6hrs
185
What is the classification of Ipratropium?
Anticholinergic, bronchodilator
186
What is the action of Ipratropium?
Inhibits interaction of acetylcholine at the receptor sites of bronchial smooth muscle.
187
What is the indication for Ipratropium?
Persistent bronchospasm, COPD exacerbation, wheezing.
188
What are the contra/ cautions of Ipratropium?
Atropine, alkaloids, allergy to peanuts
189
What are the side/ adverse effects of Ipratropium?
Dyspnea, tachycardia, palpitations, MI
190
What is the route and administration of Ipatropium?
Nebulized and mixed with the first dose of albuterol.
191
What is the adult dose of Ipatropium?
0.5 mg
192
What is the pediatric dose of Ipratropium?
5-12 years old 0.125-0.25 mg, 12 years and older 0.25-0.5 mg
