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Paramedic ALS Guide > Cumulative Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Cumulative Quiz 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the trade name of Aspirin?

A

ASA, Bayer

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2
Q

What is the onset and duration of Aspirin?

A

Onset: 15-30 min
Duration: 4-6 hours

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3
Q

What is the classification of Aspirin?

A

Anti-Platet Aggregate, Anti-inflammatory agent, NSAID

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4
Q

What is the action of Aspirin?

A

Prevents platelets from clumping.

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5
Q

What is the indication for Aspirin?

A

ACS, new onset of chest pain, mild to moderate fever and pain.

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6
Q

What is the contra/cautions of Aspirin?

A

Pediatrics, caution with patient who takes blood thinners/ active ulcers or asthma.

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7
Q

What is the side/ adverse effects of Aspirin?

A

Prolonged bleeding, GI bleeding, wheezing, tinnitus, Heart burn.

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8
Q

What is the route/ administration of Aspirin?

A

Oral preferably chewed

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9
Q

What is the adult dose of Aspirin?

A

324mg

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10
Q

What is

A

jlkj

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11
Q

What is the Trade Name of Lactated Ringers?

A

None

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12
Q

What is the onset/ duration of Lactated Ringers?

A

Immediate/ Effects cease after infusion

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13
Q

What is the classification of Lactated Ringers?

A

Isotonic Crystalloid solution

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14
Q

What is the Action of Lactated Ringers?

A

Replaces water and Electrolytes

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15
Q

What is the indication for Lactated Ringers?

A

Hypovolemic shock, IV maintenance

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16
Q

What are the cautions/ cautions of Lactated Ringers?

A

Congestive heart failure, renal failure

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17
Q

What are the side effects of Lactated Ringers?

A

Rare in therapeutic dosages

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18
Q

What is the route and administration Lactated Ringers?

A

IV/IO

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19
Q

What is the adult dose of Lactated Ringers?

A

500 ml increments (max 2 liters)

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20
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Lactated Ringers?

A

20ml/kg (max 60 ml/kg call OLMC for further dosing)

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21
Q

What is the trade name of Nitroglycerin?

A

Nitrostat, Nitro-bid, Tridil

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22
Q

What is the onset/ duration of Nitroglycerin?

A

Onset: 1-3 min
Duration: 30-60 min

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23
Q

What is the Classification of Nitroglycerin?

A

Vasodilator

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24
Q

What is the action of Nitroglycerin?

A

Smooth muscle relaxant, decreases workload of on the heart

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25
Q

What is the indication of Nitroglycerin?

A

Acute chest pain, hypertension, CHF, pulmonary edema

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26
Q

What is the contra/ cautions of Nitroglycerin?

A

Systolic blood pressure under 100, severe bradycardia, tachycardia, patients who have taken Cialis, Levitra or Viagra in the last 48 hrs. Patient who have taken pulmonary hypertension medications within 24hrs.

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27
Q

What are the side/ adverse effects of Nitroglycerin?

A

Hypotension

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28
Q

What is the route/ administration of Nitroglycerin?

A

Sublingual may be repeated every 5 minutes

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29
Q

What is the adult dose of Nitroglycerin?

A

.4mg (max 1.2 mg)

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30
Q

PED

A

ad

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31
Q

What is the trade name of Epinephrine 1-10,000

A

Adrenalin

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32
Q

What is the onset/duration of Epinephrine 1-10,000

A

Onset 1-2 min IV/IO and 5-10 mins IM with

Duration:5-10 min

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33
Q

What is the classification of Epinephrine 1-10,000

A

Sympathomimetic

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34
Q

What is the action of Epinephrine 1-10,000?

A

Vasoconstriction, Positive inotropic, chronotropic and dromotropic effects

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35
Q

What are the indications of Epinephrine 1-10,000?

A

Cardiac arrest

Neonatal resuscitation when HR less than 60

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36
Q

What are the contra/ cautions of Epinephrine 1-10,000?

A

Hypertension, hypothermia

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37
Q

What are the side/ adverse effects of Epinephrine 1-10,000?

A

Tachycardia, hypertension, chest pain

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38
Q

What is the route/ administration of Epinephrine 1-10,000?

A

IV/IO may repeat every 3-5 minutes

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39
Q

What is the adult dose of Epinephrine 1:10,000?

A

1mg

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40
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Epinephrine 1:10,000?

A

Cardiac arrest: 0.01mg/kg

Neonatal resuscitation: 0.01-0.03 mg/kg

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41
Q

What is the trade name of .9% sodium chloride?

A

Normal Saline

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42
Q

What is the onset/ duration of .9% sodium chloride?

A

Immediate/ effects cease after infusion

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43
Q

What is the classification of .9% sodium chloride?

A

Isotonic crystalloid solution

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44
Q

What is the action of .9% sodium chloride?

A

Replaces water and electrolytes

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45
Q

What are the indications for .9% sodium chloride?

A

Traumatic Shock, Non traumatic shock

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46
Q

What are the contra/ cautions of .9% sodium chloride?

A

Congestive heart failure, caution with wet lung soungs

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47
Q

What are the side/ adverse effects of .9% sodium chloride?

A

Rare in therapeutic doses.

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48
Q

What is the route/administration of .9% sodium chloride?

A

IV/IO

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49
Q

What is the adult dose of .9% sodium chloride?

A

Traumatic Shock:500ml increments closed head injury 110-120 systolic, Open head injuries maintain 80-90 systolic.
Non-traumatic shock- 500 ml Increments (max 2 liters)

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50
Q

What is the pediatric dose of .9% sodium chloride?

A

20ml/kg (max 60ml/kg call OLMC for further dosing)

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51
Q

What is the trade name of Dopamine?

A

Intropin

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52
Q

What is the onset/duration of Dopamine?

A

Onset: 2-4 min
Duration: 10-15 min

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53
Q

What is the action of Dopamine?

A

Inotropic and chronotropic effects on blood pressure.

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54
Q

What are the indication of Dopamine?

A

Hypotension, bradycardia

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55
Q

What is are the contra/ cautions of Dopamine?

A

Hypovolemic shock, tachydysrhythmias, v-fib

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56
Q

What is the side/adverse effects of Dopamine?

A

Anxiety, hypertension, chest pain, increased myocardial oxygen demand

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57
Q

What is the route/ administration of Dopamine?

A

IV/IO titrate to increas blood pressure to 100 systolic, titrate to normal pediatric blood pressure.

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58
Q

What is the adult dose of Dopamine?

A

2-20mcg/ kg/ min

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59
Q

What is the Pediatric dose of Dopamine?

A

2-20 mcg/kg/min

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60
Q

What is onset of Dopamine and duration?

A

Onset:2-4 min

Duration 10-15 min

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61
Q

What is the trade name of Magnesium Sulfate?

A

Magnesium Sulfate

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62
Q

What is the onset and duration of Magnesium Sulfate?

A

Onset: Immediate IV
Duration: 30 min IV

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63
Q

What is the classification of Magnesium Sulfate?

A

Electrolyte

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64
Q

What is the action of Magnesium Sulfate?

A

reduces striated muscle contractions, induces uterine relaxation.

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65
Q

What are the indications of Magnesium Sulfate?

A

Seizure of Eclampsia, torsade’s de Pointes

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66
Q

What are the Contra/ Cautions of Magnesium Sulfate?

A

Heart blocks, myocardial damage

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67
Q

What are the side/ adverse effects of magnesium sulfate?

A

CNS depression, abnormal ECG, Vasodilation

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68
Q

What is the route/ administration of Magnesium Sulfate?

A

Seizures of Eclampsia: IV/IO (given over 15-30 minutes)

Torsades de pointes: IV, IO given over 2 minutes

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69
Q

What is the adult dose of Magnesium Sulfate?

A

Seizures of eclampsia: 4g

Torsades de Pointes: 1-2 g

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70
Q

What is the pediatric dose magnesium Sulfate?

A

Torsades de Pointes: 25-50 mg/kg

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71
Q

What is the trade name of Sodium Bicarbonate?

A

None

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72
Q

What is the onset/ duration of Sodium Bicarbonate?

A

onset: 2-10min
Duration: 30-60 min

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73
Q

What is the classification of Sodium Bicarbonate?

A

Systemic hydrogen ion buffer

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74
Q

What is the action of Sodium Bicarbonate?

A

Buffers metabolic acidosis

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75
Q

What is the indication for Sodium Bicarbonate?

A

Metabolic acidosis from cardiac arrest.
Tricyclic antidepressant overdose.
Crush injury

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76
Q

What is the Contra / cautions of sodium bicarb?

A

Metabolic alkalosis, electrolyte imbalance from vomiting

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77
Q

What is the side/adverse effects of Sodium Bicarbonate?

A

Metabolic alkalosis

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78
Q

What is the route/ administration of Sodium Bicarbonate?

A

IV/IO
Tricyclic antidepressant overdose: Heart rate over 120 QRS wider than .1 secs
Crush injury: Administer normal bolus then hang liter bag with 50 mEq of bicard

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79
Q

What is the adult dose of Sodium bicarbonate?

A

Metabolic acidosis 1-2 mEq/kg
Tricyclic antidepressant: 1 mEq/kg
Crush injury: 1 mEq/kg

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80
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Sodium bicarb?

A

1 mEq/kg call OLMC

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81
Q

What is the trade name of Vasopressin?

A

Pitressin

82
Q

What is the onset/ Duration of Vasopressin?

A

Onset: Immediate
Duration: Variable

83
Q

What is the classification of Vasopressin?

A

Vasopressor

84
Q

What is the action of Vasopressin?

A

Simulation of smooth muscle receptors.

85
Q

what is the indication of Vasopressin?

A

alternative to epinephrine in cardiac arrest

86
Q

What is the contra/ cautions of Vassopressin?

A

Caution with coronary artery disease, epilepsy or heart failure.

87
Q

What are the side/ adverse effects of Vasopressin?

A

Chest pain, dysrhythmia

88
Q

What is route/ administration of Vasopressin?

A

IV/IO replaces 1st or 2nd dose of epinephrine. given once

89
Q

What is the adult dose of Vasso Pressin?

A

40 Units

90
Q

ped

A

ped

91
Q

What is the trade name of Ondansetron?

A

Zofran

92
Q

What is the onset/ duration of Ondansetron?

A

On:15-30 min
Duration: 3-6 hr

93
Q

What is classification of Ondansetron?

A

Antiemetic, serotonin receptor antagonist

94
Q

What is the action of Ondansetron?

A

Blocks action of serotonin causing a decrease in nausea/ vomiting.

95
Q

What is an indication of Ondansetron?

A

Nausea or vomiting

96
Q

What are the contra/ cautions of Ondansetron?

A

Hypersensitivity, GI obstruction, use caution with liver disease pt’s

97
Q

What are the side/ adverse effects of Ondonsetron?

A

ECG irregularities, dizziness, Headache, hiccups, pruritus, chills.

98
Q

What is the route/ administration of Ondansetron?

A

IV/IM/PO

99
Q

What is the adult dose of Ondansetron?

A

4-8 mg

100
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Ondansetron?

A

0.1 mg/kg max 4 mg

101
Q

What is the trade name of fentanyl?

A

Sublimaze

102
Q

What is the onset/duration of Fentanyl?

A

Onset: Fast

Duration Moderate

103
Q

What is the classification of Fentanyl?

A

Opioid Analgesic

104
Q

What is the action of Fentanyl?

A

Binds to opiate receptors producing analgesia

105
Q

What is the indication of Fentanyl?

A

Pain management

106
Q

What is the contra/ caution of Fentanyl?

A

Traumatic brain injury, patients taking MAOI, Myasthenia gravis, respiratory depression.

107
Q

What are the side/ adverse effects of Fentanyl?

A

CNS depression, nausea, vomiting

108
Q

What is the route/ administration of Fentanyl?

A

IV/IN/IM/IO doses may be given every 10 minutes.

109
Q

What is the adult dose of Fentanyl?

A

50-100mcg (max 200 mcg)

110
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Fentanyl?

A

1 mcg/kg (max 75 mcg per dose) 2 mcg/kg for intranasal (max 100 mcg per dose)

111
Q

What is the trade name of Promethazine?

A

Phenergan

112
Q

What is the onset/ duration of Promethazine?

A

Onset: Rapid by IV
Duration: 4-6 hrs

113
Q

What is the classification of Promethazine?

A

Antiemetic, antihistamine

114
Q

What is the action of Promethazine?

A

Blocks action of histamine, anti-motion, antiemetic, potentiates narcotic.

115
Q

What is the indication of Promethazine?

A

Nausea, vomiting, potentiating analgesic effects of narcotics.

116
Q

What is the contra/ cautions of Promethazine?

A

CNS depression from other drugs, lower respiratory symptoms

117
Q

What are side/ adverse effects of Promethazine?

A

Sedation, confusion, tissue irritation

118
Q

What is the route/ administration of Promethazine?

A

IV- push slowly and dilute medication in 10 mL normal saline.
IM- Administer only if systolic is over 100

119
Q

What is the adult dose of Promethazine?

A

IV 12.5- 25 mg

IM- 25 mg

120
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Promethazine?

A

Not recommended call OLMC

121
Q

What is the trade name of Propofol?

A

Diprivan

122
Q

What is the onset/duration of Propofol?

A

Rapid onset of action that is dose dependent

Duration: less than 1 minute.

123
Q

What is the Classification of Propofol?

A

sedative hypnotic, short acting

124
Q

What is the action of Propofol?

A

Rapid and brief general anesthesia

125
Q

What is the indication of Propofol?

A

rapid sequence intubation, anesthesia

126
Q

What are the contra/ cautions of Propofol?

A

Hypovolemia, hypersensitivity to soybean oil, peanuts and eggs

127
Q

What are the side effects of Propofol?

A

Seizures, apnea, dysrhythmias, acute renal failure.

128
Q

What is the route/ administration of Propofol?

A

IV/IO

129
Q

What is the adult dose of Propofol?

A

induction dose 1.5-3 mg/kg, Maintenance infusion 25-75 ug/kg/min

130
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Propofol?

A

Induction dose 2.5-3.5 mg/kg. maintenance infusion 125-300 ug/kg/min

131
Q

What is the trade name of Succinylcholine Chloride?

A

Anectine

132
Q

What is the onset and duration of Succinylcholine Chloride?

A

Onset: less than 1 min
Duration: 5-10min

133
Q

What is the Classification of Succinylcholine Chloride?

A

Neuromuscular blocker

134
Q

What is the action of Succinylcholine Chloride?

A

short acting skeletal muscle relaxant

135
Q

what is the indication of Succinylcholine Chloride?

A

Rapid sequence intubation

136
Q

What are the conta/cautions of Succinylcholine Chloride?

A

Major burns, extensive muscle injury

137
Q

What are the side/ adverse effects of Succinylcholine Chloride?

A

Respiratory depression, dysrhythmias, cardiac arrest

138
Q

What is the route/ administration of Succinylcholine Chloride?

A

IV/IO push quickly repeat once if needed

139
Q

What is the adult dose of Succinylcholine Chloride?

A

1.0-1.5 mg/kg

140
Q

what is the pediatric dose of Succinylcholine Chloride?

A

1.0-1.5 mg/kg 2.0 mg/kg for infants

141
Q

What is the trade name of Vecuronium Bromide?

A

Norcuron

142
Q

What is the onset/ duration of Vecuronium Bromide?

A

Onset: 3-5 min
Duration:20-35 min

143
Q

What is the classification of Vecuronium Bromide?

A

Neuromuscular blocker

144
Q

What is the action of Vecuronium Bromide?

A

Skeletal muscle relaxant

145
Q

What is the indication of Vecuronium Bromide?

A

Rapid sequence intubation

146
Q

What are the contra/ cautions of Vecuronium Bromide?

A

Newborns, myasthenia gravis, hepatic or renal failure

147
Q

What are the side/ adverse effects of Vecuronium Bromide?

A

respiratory depression, dysrhythmias, cardiac arrest

148
Q

What is the route/ administration of Vecuronium Bromide?

A

IV/IO
Adults: Maintainace dose within 40-45 minutes after induction dose
Pediatrics: Maintance dose within 20-40 minutes after induction dose.

149
Q

What is the adult dose of Vecuronium Bromide?

A

0.1-0.2 mg/kg

150
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Vecuronium Bromide?

A

0.01-0.015 mg/kg

151
Q

What the trade name of Activated Charcoal?

A

EZ-Char, actidose, liqui-Char

152
Q

What is the onset/duration of activated Charcoal?

A

Onset: 20 minutes to over an hour.
Duration: up to 3 hrs

153
Q

What is the classification of Activated Charcoal?

A

Adsorbent

154
Q

What is the action of Activated charcoal?

A

Binds to and adsorbs toxic substances from GI tract

155
Q

What is the indication for Activated charcoal?

A

Oral poisonings and medication overdose

156
Q

What are the contra/ cautions of Activated charcoal?

A

Patient unable to swallow. Ingestion of corrosives, caustics, liquids, hydrocarbons. patients with undiagnosed abdominal pain or known GI obstruction

157
Q

What are the side/ adverse effects of Activated Charcoal?

A

Aspiration, constipation, vomiting

158
Q

What is the route/ administration of Activated charcoal?

A

Oral/ Nasogastric tube. Call medical control before using. Shake well

159
Q

What is the adult dose of Activated Charcoal?

A

25-50 grams

160
Q

What is the pediatric dose of activated charcoal?

A

1g/kg

161
Q

What is the trade name of Haloperidol?

A

Haldol

162
Q

What is the onset/ duration of Haloperidol?

A

Onset: 30-60 min IM
Duration: 12-24 hrs

163
Q

What is the classification of Haloperidol?

A

Tranquilizer, antipsychotic

164
Q

What is the action of Haloperidol?

A

Sedative effect

165
Q

What is an indication of Haloperidol?

A

Acute psychotic episodes

166
Q

What are the contra/ cautions of Haloperidol?

A

Parkinson disease, depressed CNS, pregnancy, head injury.

167
Q

What are the side/ adverse effects of Haloperidol?

A

Seizures, dystonia, QT prolongation

168
Q

What is the route/ administration of Haloperidol?

A

IM/IV/IO

169
Q

What is the adult dose of Haloperidol?

A

IM: 5-10 mg

IV/IO: 2-5 mg

170
Q

What is the pediatric dose of haloperidol?

A

Not recomeded for kids under 6 years,
6-12: .15 mg/kg
12 and older use adult dose.

171
Q

What is the trade name of Diazepam?

A

Valium

172
Q

What is the onset/duration of Diazepam?

A

Onset-IV: 1-2 min
IM:15-30 min
Duration 15-60 min

173
Q

What is the classification of Diazepam?

A

Benzodiazepine

174
Q

What is the action of Diazepam?

A

Induces amnesia and sedation, raises seizure threshold

175
Q

What is the indication of Diazepam?

A

Seizures, chemical sedation, anxiety

176
Q

What is the contra/ cautions of Diazepam?

A

Respiratory depression, coma, head injury

177
Q

What are the side/ adverse effects of Diazepam?

A

Respiratory depression, muscle weakness

178
Q

What is the route/administration of Diazepam?

A

IV/IO rectal every 5 min

179
Q

What is the adult dose of Diazepam?

A

5-10 mg (max 30 mg), Cut dose in half for patients on narcotics or alcohol

180
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Diazepam?

A

0.1 mg/kg (max 10 mg)

181
Q

What is the Trade name of Lorazepam?

A

Ativan

182
Q

What is the onset/duration of Lorazepam?

A

IV:1-3 min
IM: 10-30
Duration 2 hours

183
Q

What is the classification of Lorazepam?

A

Benzodiazepine

184
Q

What is the Action of lorazepam?

A

Induces amnesia and sedation, raises seizure threshold.

185
Q

What is the indication for Lorazepam?

A

Seizures, severe anxiety, sedation

186
Q

What are the contra/ cautions of Lorazepam?

A

Coma, suspected drug abuse

187
Q

What are the side. adverse effects of Lorazepam?

A

CNS depression, hypotension, bradycardia

188
Q

What is the route/ administration of Lorazepam?

A

IV/IO may be given every 5 minutes

189
Q

What is the adult dose of Lorazepam?

A

1-2 mg max of 4 mg

190
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Lorazepam?

A

0.1 mg/kg

191
Q

What is the trade name of Midazolam?

A

Versed

192
Q

What is the onset/ duration of Midazolam?

A

Onset 1-3 min IV

Duration 2-6 hours

193
Q

What is the Classification of Midazolam?

A

Benzodiazepine

194
Q

What is the action of Midazolam?

A

Induces amnesia and sedation, raises seizure threshold.

195
Q

What is the indication of Midazolam?

A

Seizures, chemical sedation, anxiety

196
Q

What are the contra/ cautions of Midazolam?

A

Respiratory depression, coma

197
Q

What are the side/ adverse effects of Midazolam?

A

Respiratory depression

198
Q

What is the route/ administration of Midazolam?

A

IV/IO titrate to effect, IN, IM

199
Q

What is the adult dose of Midazolam?

A

IV/IO- 2 mg increments (max of 10 mg)
IN: 5 mg each nostril (max 10 mg)
IM: 5 mg may be repeated once after 10 min (max 10 mg)
Cut dose in half for patients on narcotics or alcohol.

200
Q

What is the pediatric dose of Midazolam?

A

IV/IO 0.1 mg/kg,
IN: 0.2 mg/kg
IM: 0.2 mg/kg may be repeated once after 10 min
Cut dose in half for patients on narcotics or alcohol.

Paramedic ALS Guide (11 decks)

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