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Drug Reactions Flashcards

1
Q

coronary vasospasm

A

cocaine, amphetamines, sumatriptan, ergot alkaloids

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2
Q

cutaneous flushing

A

Vancomycin, Adenosine, Niacin, Calcium channel blockers, Echinocandins, Nitrates

“flushed from VANCEN [dancing]”

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3
Q

dilated cardiomyopathy

A

alcohol, anthracycline (doxorubicin, daunorubicin; prevent with dexrazoxane), trastuzumab

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4
Q

torsades de pointes

A

agents that prolong the QT interval: antiArrhythmics (class IA, III), antiBiotics (macrolides, fluoroquinolones), anti”C”ychotics (ziprasidone), antiDepressants (TCAs), antiEmetics (ondansetron), antiFungals (fluconazole)

“ABCDEF”

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5
Q

andrenocortical insufficiency

A

HPA suppression secondary to glucocorticoid withdrawal

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6
Q

diabetes insipidus

A

lithium, demeclocycline

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7
Q

gynecomastia

A

ketoconazole, cimetidine, spironolactone, GnRH analogs/antagonists, androgen receptor inhibitors, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors

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8
Q

hot flashes

A

SERMs (tamoxifen, clomiphene, raloxifene)

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9
Q

hyperprolactinemia

A

typical antipsychotics (haloperidol), atypical antipsychotics (risperidone), metoclopramide, methyldopa, reserpine

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10
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

amiodarone, iodine, lithium

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11
Q

hypothyroidism

A

amiodarone, lithium

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12
Q

SIADH

A

carbamazepine, cyclophosphamide, SSRIs

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13
Q

acute cholestatic hepatitis, jaundice

A

macrolides (erythromycin)

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14
Q

diarrhea

A

acamprosate, antidiabetic agents, colchicine, cholinesterase inhibitors, lipid-lowering agents, macrolides, SSRIs, chemotherapy

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15
Q

focal to massive hepatic necrosis

A

halothane, Amanita phalloides (death cap mushroom), valproate, acetaminophen

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16
Q

hepatitis

A

rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, statins, fibrates

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17
Q

pacreatitis

A

Didanosine, Glucocorticoids, Alcohol, Valproate, Azathioprine, Diuretics (furosemide, HCTZ)

“Drugs Generate A Violent Abdominal Distress”

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18
Q

pill-induced esophagitis

A

Potassium chloride, NSAIDs, Bisphosphonates, Ferrous sulfate, Tetracyclines

“Pills Not Beneficial for Food Tube”

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19
Q

pseudomembranous colitis

A

ampicillin, cephalosporins, clindamycin, fluoroquinolones, PPIs

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20
Q

agranulocytosis

A

Dapsone, Clozapine, Carbamazepine, Propylthiouracil, Methimazole, Colchicine, Ticlopidine, Ganciclovir

“Drugs Can Cause Pretty Major Collapse To Granulocytes”

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21
Q

aplastic anemia

A

Carbamazepine, Methimazole, NSAIDs, Benzene, Chloramphenicol, Propylthiouracil

“Can’t Make New Blood Cells Properly”

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22
Q

direct Coombs positive hemolytic anemia

A

penicillin, methyldopa, cephalosporins

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23
Q

drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms

A

phenytoin, carbamazepine, minocycline, sulfa drugs, allopurinol, vancomycin

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24
Q

gray baby syndrome

A

chloramphenicol

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25
Q

hemolysis in G6PD deficiency

A

isoniazid, sulfonamides, dapsone, primaquine, aspirin, ibuprofen, nitrofurantoin

26
Q

megaloblastic anemia

A

hydroxyurea, phenytoin, methotrexate, sulfa drugs

“You’re having a mega blast with PMS”

27
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

indinavir, heparin, quinidine, ganciclovir, vancomycin, linezolid, abciximab

“I Have Quickly Gotten Very Low Amounts”

28
Q

thrombotic complications

A

combined oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy, SERMs, epoetin alfa

29
Q

drug-induced lupus

A

methyldopa, minocycline, hydralazine, isoniazid, phenytoin, sulfa drugs, etanercept, procainamide

“Lupus Makes My HIPS Extremely Painful”

30
Q

fat redistribution

A

protease inhibitors, glucocorticoids

31
Q

gingival hyperplasia

A

cyclosporine, calcium channel blockers, phenytoin

32
Q

hyperuricemia (gout)

A

pyrazinamide, thiazides, furosemide, niacin, cyclosporine

33
Q

myopathy

A

statins, fibrates, niacin, colchicine, daptomycin, hydroxychloroquine, interferon-alpha, penicillamine, glucocorticoids

34
Q

osteoporosis

A

glucocorticoids, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, GnRH agonists, aromatase inhibitors, anticonvulsants, heparin, PPIs

35
Q

photosensitivity

A

sulfonamides, amiodarone, tetracyclines, 5-FU

36
Q

rash (Steven-Johnson syndrome)

A

antiepileptic drugs (especially lamotrigine), allopurinol, sulfa drugs, penicillin

37
Q

teeth discoloration

A

tetracyclines

38
Q

tendon/cartilage damage

A

fluoroquinolones

39
Q

cinchonism

A

quinidine, quinine

cinchonism = tinnitus, hearing/vision loss, psychosis, cognitive impairment

40
Q

Parkinson-like sydrome

A

antipsychotics, reserpine, metoclopramide

41
Q

peripheral neuropathy

A

platinum agents (cisplatin), isoniazid, vincristine, paclitaxel, phenytoin

42
Q

idiopathic intracranial hypertension

A

vitamin A, growth hormones, tetracyclines

43
Q

seizures

A

isoniazid, bupropion, imipenem/cilastatin, tramadol, enflurane

44
Q

tardive dyskinesia

A

antipsychotics, metoclopramide

45
Q

visual disturbances

A

-topiramate (blurred vision/diplopia, haloes)
-hydroxychloroquine (decreased visual acuity, visual field defects)
-digoxin (yellow-tinged vision)
-isoniazid (optic neuritis)
-ivabradine (luminous phenomena)
-vigabatrin (visual field defects)
-PDE-5 inhibitors (blue-tinged vision)
-ethambutol (color vision changes)

“These Horrible Drugs Irrevocably Irritate Very Precious Eyes”

46
Q

Fanconi syndrome

A

cisplatin, ifosfamide, expired tetracyclines, tenofovir

47
Q

hemorrhagic cystitis

A

cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide

48
Q

interstitial nephritis

A

diuretics, NSAIDs, penicillins and cephalosporins, PPIs, rifampin, sulfa drugs

49
Q

dry cough

A

ACE inhibitors

50
Q

pulmonary fibrosis

A

methotrexate, nitrofurantoin, carmustine, bleomycin, busulfan, amiodarone

“My Nose Cannot Breathe Bad Air”

51
Q

antimuscarinic effects

A

atropine, TCAs, H1-blockers, antipsychotics

52
Q

disulfiram-like reaction

A

1st generation sulfonylureas, procarbazine, certain cephalosporins, griseofulvin, metronidazole

“Sorry Pals, Can’t Go Mingle”

53
Q

nephrotoxicity/ototoxicity

A

loop diuretics, cisplatin, aminoglycosides, amphotericin, vancomycin

“Listen Cis, Always Adjust vancomycin in CKD”

54
Q

mydriasis

A

anticholinergics (atropine, TCAs, tropicamide, scopolamine, antihistamines), indirect sympathomimetics (amphetamines, cocaine, LSD), meperidine, direct sympathomimetics

55
Q

miosis

A

sympatholytics (alpha-2 agonists), opioids (except meperidine), parasympathomimetics (pilocarpine), organophosphates

56
Q

cytochrome P450 inducers

A

St. John’s wort, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Modafinil, Nevirapine, Rifampin, Griseofulvin, Carbamazepine, Chronic alcohol overuse

“St. John’s funny funny mom never refuses greasy carbs and chronic alcohol”

57
Q

cytochrome P450 substrates

A

Theophylline, OCPs, Anti-epileptics, Warfarin

“The OCPs are anti-war”

58
Q

cytochrome P450 inhibitors

A

Sodium valproate, Isoniazid, Cimetidine, Ketoconazole, Fluconazole, Acute alcohol overuse, Chloramphenicol, Erythromycin/clarithromycin, Sulfonamides, Ciprofloxacin, Omeprazole, Amiodarone, Ritonavir, Grapefruit juice

“SICK FACES COme when I AM Really drinking Grapefruit juice”

59
Q

sulfa drugs

A

Sulfonamide antibiotics, Sulfasalazine, Probenecid, Furosemide, Acetazolamide, Celecoxib, Thiazides, Sulfonylureas

“Scary Sulfa Pharm FACTS”

60
Q

antimicrobials to avoid in pregnancy

Step 1 - Quick Decks (18 decks)

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