Drug interactions Flashcards
A drug interaction occurs when…
a substance alters the expected performance of a drug
Pharmacodynamic drug interactions occur when
drugs have an effect on the same target or physiological system
Pharmacokinetic drug interactions occur when
a drug affects the pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism or excretion) of another drug
True or false: on drug affects the rate of extent of absorption of another drug
True
Unionised drugs are _____ soluble so can pass through membranes into the blood
lipid
What are P-glycoproteins?
Drug transporter proteins widely distributed, have an excretory function to remove toxic substances out of cells (situated in intestinal lumen and reduce absorption of drugs)
What are the 3 ways that drugs can prevent absorption of another drug?
Change pH levels, form insoluble complexes, inhibit p-glycoproteins
Warfarin is highly _____ bound and some other drugs like amiodarone can displace warfarin from a____
protein, albumin
The kidneys excrete hydro____ molecules
hydrophilic
How long do enzyme inducers take to work
1-2 weeks
Enzyme inhibitors ____ the level of substrate
increase
Give an example of a CYP3A4 inhibitor
Grapefruit juice
How long do enzyme inhibitors take to work?
A few days
Milk can affect absorption of some drugs due to insoluble complex formed with __
Ca
What foods oppose the action of warfarin?
Foods high in vitamin K (spinach, kale, avocado, broccoli)
