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Drug Classifications Flashcards

1
Q

Ipratropium bromide:

  1. Therapeutic Classification(s)
  2. Pharmacological Classification(s)

Unlike the medication from which it is derived (3.) (___), ipratropium bromide is unable to (4.)___. This prevents (5.)___ side effects like (6.) ___ syndrome.

A

1.

  • Bronchodilator;

2.

  • Vagolytic;
  • Anticholinergic, antimuscarinic;
  • (Non-selective, competitive) muscarinic acetycholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist;
  1. Atropine;
  2. Cross the blood-brain barrier;
  3. Central;
  4. Anticholinergic;
    * Google*
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2
Q

Acetaminophen:

  1. Therapeutic Classification(s)
A

1.

  • Antipyretic;
  • (non-narcotic) Analgesic;
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3
Q

Adenosine:

  1. Therapeutic Classification(s)
A

1.

  • Antiarrhythmic (Vaugh-Williams Classification System: Class V, Miscellaneous);
  • Diagnostic Aid;
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4
Q

Cyanokit:

A. Generic name

B. Therapeutic Classification(s)

C. This chemical is also known as vitamin ___.

A
  1. Hydroxycobalamin
  2. Cyanide Antidote;
  3. B12a;
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5
Q

Antinicotinics are divided into two categories in accordance with their specific targets in the central and peripheral nervous systems: ___ and ___.

A
  1. Ganglionic blockers;
  2. Neuromuscular blockers;
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6
Q

The neurotransmitter ___ is the primary endogenous _(term other than “agonist”)_ for dopamine receptors.

A
  1. Dopamine;
  2. Ligand;
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7
Q

Lidocaine:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

A
  1. Antiarrhythmic (Class IB, Sodium Channel Blocker);
  2. Local Anesthetic;
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8
Q

Adrenergic means “working on ___ or ___.”

A
  1. Adrenaline (epinephrine);
  2. Noradrenaline (norepinephrine);
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9
Q

Naloxone:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

A
  1. Narcotic (receptor) antagonist;
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10
Q

Antipsychotics are often dopamine receptor ___ while psychostimulants are typically indirect ___ of dopamine receptors.

A
  1. Antagonists;
  2. Agonists;
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11
Q

Aspirin:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

B. What abbreviation is commonly used to indicate aspirin, and what does it stand for?

C. Aspirin was originally derived from ___.

A
  1. (Non-steroidal) Anti-inflammatory;
  2. Antiplatelet;
  3. Antipyretic;
  4. (Non-narcotic) Analgesic;
  5. ASA;
  6. Acetylsalicylic acid;
  7. Willow bark;
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12
Q

The primary receptor at the neuromuscular junction in muscle which provides for the motor nerve-muscle communication that controls muscle contraction.

A
  1. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR);
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13
Q

In biochemistry and pharmacology, a ___ is a substance that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose. In protein-_(same)_ binding, the _(same)_ is usually a molecule which produces a signal by binding to a site on a target protein.

A
  1. Ligand;
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14
Q

Dopamine :

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

B. Pharmacological Classification(s)

C. Drug Classification(s)

A
  1. Cardiac Stimulant;
  2. Vasopressor (or Antihypotensive);
  3. Non-selective (alpha-1, alpha-2 and beta-1) Adrenergic Agonist;
  4. Sympathomimetic;
  5. Dopaminergic;
  6. Catecholamine;
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15
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate, 8.4%:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

  1. Household sodium bicarbonate is more commonly known as ___.
A
  1. Antacid;
  2. Electrolyte replenisher;
  3. Systemic alkalizer;
  4. Baking soda;
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16
Q

Anticholinergics are divided into two categories in accordance with their specific targets in the central and peripheral nervous systems: ___ and ___.

A
  1. Antimuscarinics (AKA antimuscarinic agents or muscarinic receptor antagonists [MRAs]);
  2. Antinicotinics (AKA antinicotinic agents or nicotinic receptor antagonists [NRAs]);
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17
Q

There are at least _(number)_ subtypes of dopamine receptors.

A
  1. Five (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5; some evidence suggests the existence of possible D6 and D7 dopamine receptors);
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18
Q

Calcium Chloride, 10%:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

B. Calcium chloride is used in industry as ___.

A
  1. Antihypermagnesemic;
  2. Antihypocalcemic;
  3. Cardiotonic;
  4. Antacid;
  5. A variety of road salt;
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19
Q

Amiodarone:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

A
  1. Antiarrhythmic (Class III, Potassium Channel Blocker);

Note: Although amiodarone is considered a class III anti-arrhythmic agent, it also has class I, II, and IV actions.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20041841/

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20
Q

Nitrous Oxide:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

A
  1. Anesthetic;
  2. Narcotic Analgesic;
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21
Q

Atropine:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

B. Pharmacological Classification(s)

C. Name one source (of two listed) from whence Atropine is derived.

A
  1. Antiarrhythmic (Class V, Miscellaneous);
  2. Vagolytic;
  3. Anticholinergic, antimuscarinic (nonselective competitive muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist);
  4. Deadly Nightshade, Jimsonweed;
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22
Q

Rocuronium:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

B. Pharmacological Classification(s)

A
  1. Paralytic;
  2. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonist;
  3. Anticholinergic, antinicotinic, (non-depolarizing) neuromuscular blocker;
23
Q

Diltiazem:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

A
  1. Antiarrhythmic (Class IV, Calcium Channel Blocker [non-dihydropyridine]);
24
Q

Morphine:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

A
  1. Narcotic Analgesic;
25
Q

Methylprednisolone:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

B. Drug Classification(s)

A
  1. Anti-inflammatory;
  2. Immunosuppressant;
  3. Synthetic corticosteroid (aka glucocorticoid);
26
Q

Glucose:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

B. Chemical Classification(s)

A
  1. Antidiabetic;
  2. Monosaccharide;
27
Q

Nitroglycerine:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

A
  1. Anti-anginal;
  2. Vasodilator;
28
Q

The primary endogenous agonists of the sympathetic nervous system are the ___ (i.e., epinephrine [adrenaline], norepinephrine [noradrenaline], and dopamine), which function as both ___ and ___.

A
  1. Catecholamines;
  2. Neurotransmitters;
  3. Hormones;
29
Q

Afrin:

A. Generic Name

B. Therapeutic Classification(s)

C. Pharmacological Classification(s)

A
  1. Oxymetazoline;
  2. Decongestant;
  3. Adrenergic Sympathomimetic;
30
Q

Haloperidol, and some other antipsychotics, have been shown to increase the binding capacity of the ___ receptor when used over long periods of time (i.e. increasing the number of such receptors). Haloperidol increased the number of binding sites by 98% above baseline in the worst cases, and yielded significant ___ side effects.

A
  1. D2;
  2. Dyskinesia;
31
Q

Nicotinic receptors get their name from ___, which does not stimulate the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, but instead selectively binds to the nicotinic receptor. The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor likewise gets its name from a chemical that selectively attaches to that receptor — ___. ___ itself binds to both muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

A
  1. Nicotine;
  2. Muscarine (a water-soluble toxin derived from the mushroom Amanita muscaria);
  3. Acetylcholine (ACh);
32
Q

Midazolam:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

B. Drug Classification(s)

A
  1. Sedative-Hypnotic;
  2. Anticonvulsant;
  3. Amnesiac;
  4. Anxiolytic;
  5. Benzodiazepine;
33
Q

Oxygen:

  1. Drug Classification(s)
  2. Oxygen is a ___-occurring ___ gas.
A
  1. Medical gas;
  2. Naturally;
  3. Atmospheric;
34
Q

Etomidate:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

A
  1. Sedative-hypnotic (non-narcotic, non-barbiturate, non-benzodiazepine);
35
Q

Ibuprofen:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

A
  1. (Non-narcotic) Analgesic;
  2. (Non-steroidal) Anti-inflammatory;
  3. Antipyretic;
36
Q

Epinephrine:

  1. Therapeutic Classification(s)
  2. Pharmacological Classification(s)
  3. Drug Classification(s)
A

1.

  • Antianaphylactic;
  • Bronchodilator;
  • Cardiac stimulant;
  • Vasopressor (or Antihypotensive);

2.

  • Sympathomimetic;
  • Non-selective alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist (i.e., acts on alpha-1, alpha-2, beta-1, beta-2 and beta-3);

3.

  • Catecholamine;
37
Q

Sodium Chloride 0.9%:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

B. Drug Classification(s)

C. Common Name

A
  1. Isotonic volume expander;
  2. Isotonic crystalloid solution;
  3. Normal saline;
38
Q

The five main categories of adrenergic receptors are: ___, ___, ___, ___, and ___, although there are more subtypes, and agonists vary in specificity between these receptors, and may be classified respectively.

A
  1. A1;
  2. A2;
  3. B1;
  4. B2;
  5. B3;
39
Q

The majority of anticholinergic drugs are anti-___.

A
  1. Muscarinic;
40
Q

Succinylcholine:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

B. Pharmacological Classification(s)

A
  1. Paralytic;
  2. (Direct) nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist;
  3. (Indirect) anticholinergic, antinicotinic, (competitive depolarizing) neuromuscular blocker;
41
Q

Magnesium Sulfate:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

B. Household magnesium sulfate is known as ___.

A
  1. Antiarrhythmic (Class V, Miscellaneous);
  2. Anticonvulsant;
  3. CNS depressant;
  4. Electrolyte;
  5. Epsom salt;
42
Q

Dopamine receptors are a class of ___-coupled receptors that are prominent in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS).

A
  1. G protein;
43
Q

Albuterol:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

B. Pharmacological Classification(s)

A
  1. Bronchodilator;
  2. Selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist;
  3. Sympathomimetic;
44
Q

Diazepam:

  1. Therapeutic Classification(s)
  2. Drug Classification(s)
A
  1. Anticonvulsant;
  2. Anxiolytic;
  3. Sedative-hypnotic;
  4. Skeletal muscle relaxant;
  5. Benzodiazepine;
45
Q

Dextrose:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

B. Chemical Classification(s)

C. Dextrose is the name given to ___ produced from ___.

A
  1. Antidiabetic;
  2. Monosaccharide;
  3. Glucose;
  4. Corn;
46
Q

Ketamine:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

A
  1. Dissociative anesthetic;
47
Q

An anticholinergic agent is a substance that blocks the neurotransmitter ___ in the ___ and the ___.

A
  1. Acetylcholine (ACh);
  2. Central nervous system;
  3. Peripheral nervous system;
48
Q

Diphenhydramine:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

A
  1. Antianaphylactic adjunct;
  2. Antidyskinetic;
  3. Antihistamine;
  4. Sedative-hypnotic;
49
Q

Fentanyl:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

A
  1. Narcotic Analgesic;
  2. Anesthesia Adjunct;
50
Q
  1. Ondansetron: Therapeutic Classification(s)
A
  1. Anti-emetic;

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51
Q

Ipratopium bromide is a ___ structural analogue of the drug ___, and both carry the basic pharmacological classification of ___.

A
  1. Synthetic;
  2. Atropine;
  3. Anticholinergic, antimuscarinic;
52
Q

A nicotinic antagonist is a type of anticholinergic drug that inhibits the action of ___ at ___ receptors.

A
  1. Acetylcholine (ACh) and nicotine;
  2. Nicotinic acetylcholine;
53
Q

Glucagon:

A. Therapeutic Classification(s)

B. The medication “glucagon” is a ___ form of the body’s natural glucagon ___.

A
  1. Antidiabetic ;
  2. Synthetic;
  3. Hormone;
54
Q

Antimuscarinic agents act on the (1.) ___ receptors.

A
  1. Muscarinic acetylcholine (mAChR);

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Medications (31 decks)

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