Drug Addiction and the Brain's Reward Circuits Flashcards
The main advantages of the oral route of drug administration over other routes are its:
A) Ease and relative safety
B) Slower rate of absorption
C) Tendency to carry less stigma and be more socially acceptable
D) Functional advantages
A) Ease and relative safety
The MOST dangerous route of drug administration is:
A) Inhalation
B) Intravenous
C) Absorption through mucous membranes
D) Oral ingestion
B) Intravenous
Drug tolerance is of two different types: metabolic and ______.
A) Psychoactive
B) Cross
C) Functional
D) Subcutaneous
C) Functional
An individual who displays a withdrawal syndrome when their intake of a drug is curtailed is said to be ________ that drug.
A) Psychologically dependent on
B) Sensitized to
C) Cross tolerant to
D) Physically dependent on
D) Physically dependent on
Penny has been sentenced to one year of probation. She quits using cocaine because she is drug-tested randomly. If Penny is like MOST people who are addicted to drugs, Penny _____ resume her drug use when she has completed her sentence because the ______-producing effects of cocaine are the primary drivers of her addiction.
A) Will; physical dependence
B) Will; pleasure
C) Will not; pleasure
D) Will not; physical dependance
B) Will; pleasure
The before-and-after study is designed to study:
A) Conditioned drug tolerance
B) Contingent drug tolerance
B) Contingent drug tolerance
__________________________ tolerance refers to demonstrations that tolerance develops only to drug effects that are actually experienced.
A) Conditioned drug
B) Exteroceptive
C) Conditioned compensatory
D) Contingent drug
D) Contingent drug
The fact that drug tolerance is often ___________________ suggests that Pavlovian conditioning plays a role in addiction.
A) Metabolic
B) Present in drug users
C) Situationally specific
D) Present in drug addicts
C) Situationally specific
According to Ramsay and Woods (1997), the unconditional stimulus in a drug tolerance experiment is
A) The drug
B) The environment
C) The needle
D) The disruption of neural functioning that has been directly produced by the drug
D) The disruption of neural functioning that has been directly produced by the drug
Which statement BEST captures the relationship between drug tolerance and drug sensitization?
A) Drug sensitization is a similar effect to drug tolerance
B) Drug sensitization is the opposite of drug tolerance
C) Drug sensitization is a more intense effect that drug tolerance is
B) Drug sensitization is the opposite of drug tolerance
_____________ disease provides a compelling illustration of nicotine’s addictive power.
A) Buerger’s
B) Barnes’
C) Pinel’s
D) Siegel’s
A) Buerger’s
In its advanced stages, Korsakoff’s syndrome is associated with:
A) Tachycardia
B) Severe dementia
C) Buerger’s disease
D) Delirium tremens
B) Severe dementia
CB1 is:
A) A cannabinoid receptor
B) A cholinergic receptor
C) A teratogen
D) A dopamine transporter
A) A cannabinoid receptoR
During a cocaine spree, individuals who are addicted to the drug tend to experience:
A) An overwhelming increase in appetite
B) The need for higher doses to achieve a euphoric state
C) Amplified feelings of empathy
D) A significantly decreased sense of well-being
B) The need for higher doses to achieve a euphoric state
Morphine and codeine are constituents of:
A) Cocaine
B) Heroin
C) Opium
D) Amphetamine
C) Opium