DRRR - Hydrometeorological Hazards Flashcards
Components of Weather
Temperature
Atmospheric
Pressure
Wind
Humidity
Precipitation
Cloudiness
refers to the temporary conditions of the atmosphere.
Weather
is measured with a thermometer and refers to how hot or cold the atmosphere is.
Temperature
Temperature has a relative measurement that is reported in two ways:
Celsius and Farenheit
is the weight of the atmosphere overhead.
Atmospheric Pressure
usually brings cool temperatures and clear skies.
High-Pressure System
can bring warmer weather, storms, and rain.
Low-Pressure System
The movement of air. It forms due to differences in temperature and atmospheric pressure.
Wind
Refers to the amount of water vapor in the air. Water vapor is a gas in the atmosphere.
Humidity
Any liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and falls to Earth.
Precipitation
Refers to the quality of being cloudy. Not all of the clouds are produced by precipitation.
Cloudiness
can affect the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth’s surface.
Cloud
It is the average weather in a specific region, as well as its variations and extremes over many years.
Climate
just like the weather but climate change can take hundreds or thousands of years.
Climate Changes
Are processes or phenomena of atmospheric, hydrological, or oceanographic failure.
Hydrometeorological Hazards
It is a violent local disturbance accompanied by lightning, thunder and heavy rain and often by strong gusts of wind, and sometimes by hail.
Thunderstorm
a large, powerful, and violent tropical cyclone.
Typhoon
is a rapid flooding of geomorphic low-lying areas like washes, rivers, dry lakes and basins.
Flash Flood
he inundation of land areas which are not normally covered by water.
Flood
the rise of the seawater above normal sea level over the coast, generated by the action of weather elements such as cyclonic wind and atmospheric pressure.
Storm Surge
trade winds weaken. Warm water is pushed back east, toward the west coast of the Americas.
El Niño
waters off the Pacific coast are colder and contain more nutrients than usual.
La Niña
Meaning of the abbreviation ENSO Cycle
El Niño Southern Oscillation cycle
Is a scientific term that describes the fluctuations in temperature between the ocean and the atmosphere in the East-central Equatorial Pacific
ENSO Cycle
is an intense low-pressure system that is characterized by strong spiral winds towards the center, called the “Eye” in a counter-clockwise flow in the northern hemisphere.
Cyclone
a tropical storm with winds that have reached a constant speed of 74 miles per hour or more.
Hurricane
A violently rotating column of air touching the ground, usually attached to the base of a thunderstorm.
Tornado
is a rotating, organized system of clouds and thunderstorms that originates over tropical waters.
Tropical Cyclone
A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds of up to 61 kph. (72 hrs)
Tropical Depression
A tropical cyclone with a maximum wind speed of 62 to 88 kph. (36 hrs)
Tropical Storm
A tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed of 89 to 117 kph. (24 hrs)
Severe Tropical Storm
A tropical cyclone with a maximum wind speed of 118 to 220 kph. (12 hrs)
Typhoon
A tropical cyclone with a maximum wind speed exceeding 220 kph. (12 hrs)
Super Typhoon
Nearly 2 million people have died globally due to tropical cyclones. Negative or Positive effect?
Negative Effect
Tropical cyclones are extremely efficient at rainfall production. Negative or Positive effect?
Positive Effect
