Driver Quizzes Flashcards
cumulative growth curve is really
stair stepped due to sporadic growth
the point of inflection is
the time when animals grow the fastest
a body part with an allometric growth coefficient of <1 grows
early and slowly compared to the rest of the body
John Hammond made important observations about the proportions of animals as they grow including that
extremities complete their development first
as the body grows, the proportions of different chemicals change according to
water decreases, fat increase, protein decreases
As bone ages the proportion of fat
increases
physiological growth
specific physical/chemical stage of maturity
absolute growth
plots weight gain per unit of time over time
cumulative growth
change in weight over time
relative growth
growth in relation to total weight
heredity
is the process of passing along genes form one generation to the next
the heritability for meat tenderness is 0.29 which is
intermediate, meaning moderately heritable
sheep favor
intermuscular and visceral fat deposition
better sanitation improves growth rate and feed efficiency because
less nutrients are required for immune responses against microorganism
select the correct answer about maintenance energy requirements
increases as an animal grows
energy requirements for growth depend on
hormone treatments
genetics and breeding
sex of an animal
stage of the growth curve
the reasons for abnormally high growth rates achieved during compensatory growth include
lower basal energy metabolism requirements due to decreased visceral weight
higher feed intake
energy substrate used up within the first 8-10 seconds of exercise
ATP
both endurance and resistance exercise induces the release of the hormone
growth hormone
type of housing system that reduces the stress of rearing animals together
specific stress free housing
chronically stressed animals suffer from elevated circulating concentrations
glucocorticoids
the mature frame size in cattle can be calculated from
hip height and age
at the same chronological age, large framed animals are physically ___ than small framed animals
younger
T-cells areas of the lymph nodes are
the paracortical areas
clonal selection describes
the selective activation of a lymphocyte clone by its antigen
the spleen’s overall immunologic function is to provide a location rich in immune cells to sample for foreign invaders in the blood stream
true
innate immunity is characterized by broad and late responses to microbial infection
False
Thymocytes (T cell precursors)
undergo extensive differentiation and maturation in thymus and leave as naive T cells
a primary adaptive immune response to an antigen is characterized by specificity and memory
False
passive immunity describes the transfer of immunity from an actively immunized host to a naive host
true
a general characteristic that does not contribute to immunogeneicity is
temperature
types of macrophages
microglia
alveolar macrophage
kupffer cell
osteoclast
lymphocytes traffic from the blood into the lymph nodes through
high endothelial venules
