Dr O Quiz 3 - ch. 32 Flashcards

0
Q

Six clinical manifestations of stroke, warning signs

A

Sudden weakness or numbness, dimness or loss of vision in one eye, difficulty speaking or understanding speech, sudden severe headache, unexplained dizziness unsteadiness or sudden fall

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1
Q

What is a stroke (Cerebrovascular accident)

A

A sudden devastating vascular event that results in destruction of surrounding brain tissues

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2
Q

What are the risk factors of stroke?

A
Gene for stroke (non modifiable)
Hypertension CAD (modifiable)
left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac failure
DM, high cholesterol
Cocaine use
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3
Q

What is the difference between an ischemic stroke and an intra cerebral hemorrhage stroke? (ICH)
Which is more fatal?

A

An ischemic stroke is thrombotic and embolic occlusion of major vessel, while an ICH is bleeding from arterial walls into the brain parenchyma
ICH stroke is more fatal (especially in the midbrain)

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4
Q

What will be affected during middle cerebral artery syndrome?

A

Hemiplegia or hemianesthesia or movement and sensation on one half of body if dominant side affected

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5
Q

What happens to the body during internal carotid artery syndrome if circle of Willis is affected?

A

Asymptotic

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6
Q

What happens to the body during posterior cerebral artery syndrome?
What if it is completely occluded?

A

Thalamus syndrome, abnormal sensation of pain, temp, proprioception, and touch
Completely occluded hemiplegia

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7
Q

What are the signs of vertebral and posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome?

A

Ipsilateral ataxia, ptosis, numbness, burning, cold sensation in face and limbs

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8
Q

How to manage a stroke (4)

A

Managing stroke and preventing further embolic stroke

Prophylaxis, anticoagulant drugs, lipid lowering agents

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9
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of an intra cerebral hemorrhage? (2)

A

Neurological symptoms and headaches

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10
Q

If the thalamus is affected during an ICH what occurs?

A

Sensory loss
Occult motor dysfunction
Vertical gaze palsy
Apraxia

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11
Q

If the cerebellum is affected during an ICH what occurs?

A
Ataxia
Nausea/vomiting
Dizziness with nystagmus and vertigo
Dysarthria 
Facial paresis
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12
Q

If the internal capsule is affected during an ICH what occurs?

A

Big problems

Pure motor, sensory, sensorimotor problems with ataxia

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13
Q

If there is a subarachnoid hemorrhage what occurs?

A
Nausea vomiting
Syncope
Neck pain
Coma
Confusion
Lethargy
Seizure
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14
Q

What is a subdural hemorrhage?

A

Tearing of bridging veins between the brain surface and dural sinus

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15
Q

What are signs and symptoms of sub dural hemorrhage

A

Headache, changes in mental status

16
Q

What is transverse myelitis?

A

A dysfunction in both halves of the spinal cord in a transverse section due to vascular disorders, MS, degenerative disorders, or viral infections