Dr O Quiz 3 - ch. 32 Flashcards
Six clinical manifestations of stroke, warning signs
Sudden weakness or numbness, dimness or loss of vision in one eye, difficulty speaking or understanding speech, sudden severe headache, unexplained dizziness unsteadiness or sudden fall
What is a stroke (Cerebrovascular accident)
A sudden devastating vascular event that results in destruction of surrounding brain tissues
What are the risk factors of stroke?
Gene for stroke (non modifiable) Hypertension CAD (modifiable) left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac failure DM, high cholesterol Cocaine use
What is the difference between an ischemic stroke and an intra cerebral hemorrhage stroke? (ICH)
Which is more fatal?
An ischemic stroke is thrombotic and embolic occlusion of major vessel, while an ICH is bleeding from arterial walls into the brain parenchyma
ICH stroke is more fatal (especially in the midbrain)
What will be affected during middle cerebral artery syndrome?
Hemiplegia or hemianesthesia or movement and sensation on one half of body if dominant side affected
What happens to the body during internal carotid artery syndrome if circle of Willis is affected?
Asymptotic
What happens to the body during posterior cerebral artery syndrome?
What if it is completely occluded?
Thalamus syndrome, abnormal sensation of pain, temp, proprioception, and touch
Completely occluded hemiplegia
What are the signs of vertebral and posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome?
Ipsilateral ataxia, ptosis, numbness, burning, cold sensation in face and limbs
How to manage a stroke (4)
Managing stroke and preventing further embolic stroke
Prophylaxis, anticoagulant drugs, lipid lowering agents
What are the clinical manifestations of an intra cerebral hemorrhage? (2)
Neurological symptoms and headaches
If the thalamus is affected during an ICH what occurs?
Sensory loss
Occult motor dysfunction
Vertical gaze palsy
Apraxia
If the cerebellum is affected during an ICH what occurs?
Ataxia Nausea/vomiting Dizziness with nystagmus and vertigo Dysarthria Facial paresis
If the internal capsule is affected during an ICH what occurs?
Big problems
Pure motor, sensory, sensorimotor problems with ataxia
If there is a subarachnoid hemorrhage what occurs?
Nausea vomiting Syncope Neck pain Coma Confusion Lethargy Seizure
What is a subdural hemorrhage?
Tearing of bridging veins between the brain surface and dural sinus