Downing Circulating Blood Flashcards
5 cells found in circulating blood:
Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Platelets
“dust” or hemoconia
Chylomicrons
Intercellular makeup of circulating blood:
Water: ___%
Proteins: ____%
Salts: ____%
Organic compounds: ____%
90% water
7% proteins
- 9% salts
- 1% organic compounds
What is the difference between plasma and serum?
Plasma has fibrinogen for clotting, serum does not
Cells with:
life span of 120-130 days
500-1000 times more numerous than leukocytes
Erythrocytes (RBCs)
Cytoskeleton proteins of erythrocytes:
spectrin, ankyrin, actin
***create biconcave disk shape
Two energy pathways of erythrocytes:
anaerobic glycolysis and pentose phosphate shunt pathways
***no nucleus and most other organelles are gone
-65% water and 34% hemoglobin
Function of RBCs:
transport of O2 and CO2
Universal acceptor blood type?
AB
***no antibodies present
Universal donor blood type:
O
***both A and B antibodies present, can only receive type O
Blood group A has antibodies for?
type B
Blood group B has antibodies for?
type A
Function of platelets?
clotting
Platelets are derived from?
megakaryocytes
Three types of granulocytes?
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Two types of agranulocytes?
lymphocytes (become B and T cells)
monocytes (become macrophages and dendrites)
***active in tissue
How do leukocytes (neuts, eosins, basos, lymphos, monos) get from blood to tissue?
diapedesis
Leukocyte that accounts for 50-70% of differential count?
neutrophils
- multi-lobed nucleus
- specific granules
Neutrophil granules that are lysosomes?
-contain lysosomal enzymes and myeloperoxidase
Azurophilic (primary)–20%
Neutrophil granules containing alkaline phosphatase
- hydrolases active at neutral or alkaline pH
- bactericidal substances: lysozyme and lactoferrin
Neutrophilic (specific) –80%
Neutrophil granules containing:
- gelatinase
- glycoproteins destined for cell membrane
- contents aid cell in phagocytic process
Tertiary granules
First line of cellular defense; for pus when they die:
neutrophils
2 killing mechanisms of neutrophils:
enzymatic
formation of reactive oxygen compounds
Two components of the crystalline substructure of eosinophils:
major basic protein
eosinophilic cationic protein
Cells that combat parasites (protozoans, hellminths):
Eosinophils (contents of specific granules)
Azurophilic granules have:
lysozyme–hydrolytic enzymes and peroxidase
-destruction of parasitic worms
-hydrolysis of antigen-antibody complexes
