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IHO week 1 > Diebel Innate System Review Q's > Flashcards

Diebel Innate System Review Q's Flashcards

1
Q

What are defensins and cathelicidins? What are their modes of action?

A

Cathelicidins (Cationic Helical bacteriCidal proteIn)

  • alpha-helical peptide
  • PMNs, mucosal, epithelial cells

Defensins
-beta-strand peptides (+) charge

  • *increase cell membrane permeability –> cell death
  • *modulate inflammatory response
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2
Q

What are defensins and cathelicidins? What are their modes of action?

A

Cathelicidins (Cationic Helical bacteriCidal proteIn)

  • alpha-helical peptide
  • PMNs, mucosal, epithelial cells

Defensins
-beta-strand peptides (+) charge

  • *increse cell membrane permeability –> cell death
  • *modulate inflammatory response
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3
Q

TLR1 + TLR2:

Ligand:

Trigger production of:

A

Triacylated lipoproteins
Peptidoglycans
LPS

Inflammatory Cytokines

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4
Q

TLR2 + TLR6:

Ligand:

Trigger production of:

A

Diacylated lipoproteins

Inflammatory cytokines

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5
Q

TLR3:

Ligand:

Trigger production of:

A

dsRNA
tRNA
siRNA

IC
IFN-beta (via TRIF)

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6
Q

TLR4:

Ligand:

Trigger production of:

A

LPS
Paclitaxel

IC
IFN-beta (via TRAM, TRIF, TIRAP, MyD88, Mal)

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7
Q

TLR5:

Ligand:

Trigger production of:

A

Flagellin

IC (via MyD88)

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8
Q

TLR7:

Ligand:

Trigger production of:

A

ssRNA
Imidazoquinolones
Guanasine analogs

ICs
INF-alpha (via MyD88)

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9
Q

TLR8:

Ligand:

Trigger production of:

A

ssRNA
Imidazoquinolones

ICs
INF-beta (via MyD88)

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10
Q

TLR9:

Ligand:

Trigger production of:

A

CpG DNA

ICs
INF-beta (via MyD88)

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11
Q

TLR10:

Ligand:

Trigger production of:

A

profilin-like proteins

ICs (via MyD88)

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12
Q

PMN lineage?

A
  1. IL3 + GM-CSF
  2. ” “
  3. GM-CSF + G-CSF + IL-3
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13
Q

Eosinophil lineage?

A
  1. IL-3 + GM-CSF
  2. ” “
  3. GM-CSF + IL-3 + IL-5
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14
Q

Basophil lineage?

A
  1. IL-3 + GM-CSF
  2. ” “
  3. GM-CSF + IL-3 + IL-4
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15
Q

Monocyte lineage?

A
  1. GM-CSF + IL-3
  2. ” “
  3. GM-CSF + M-CSF + IL-3
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16
Q

IL-5 unique to lineage of which myeloid cell?

A

Eosinophil

17
Q

IL-4 unique to lineage of which myeloid cells (2)?

A

Basophils

Dendrites

18
Q

M-CSF unique to lineage of which myeloid cell?

A

Monocyte

*becomes macrophage once in tissue

19
Q

G-CSF unique to lineage of which myeloid cell?

A

PMNs (neutrophils)

20
Q

Macrophage lineage?

A
  1. and 2. GM-CSF + IL-3
  2. GM-CSF + M-CSF + IL-3 (now a monocyte)
  3. M-CSF + GM-CSF
21
Q

Describe the pathway of events involved in the activation of the acute inflammatory response up to the point of the presence of Th1 CD4+ T cells.

A
  1. presents of microbes
  2. Tissue damage, complement activation
  3. release of inflammatory cytokines
    - TNFalpha
    - IL-1
    - INFgama
  4. recruitment of leukocytes
22
Q

Dendrite lineage (from myeloid precursor):

A
  1. and 2. GM-CSF + IL-3
  2. GM-CSF + M-CSF + IL-3 (now a monocyte)
  3. GM-CSF + IL-4
23
Q
  • lack of GM-CSF

- frequent bacterial infx

A

Congenital neutropenia

24
Q
  • inability to produce H2O2 and hypochlorous acid

- inability to kill phagocytosed bacteria

A

Chronic Granulomatous disease

25
Q
  • lack of integrin subunit, common beta chain
  • inability to recruit innate immune cells to inflammation site
  • increased susceptibility to bacterial, fungal, and viral infx
A

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD)

26
Q
  • increased susceptibility to bacterial infx

- reduced ability to remove immunocomplexes

A

Complement defects (various)

27
Q
  • defect in gene LYST (CHS1), a lysosomal trafficking gene that affects lysosomes and melanosomes
  • increased susceptibility to bacterial infx
A

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome

28
Q

Describe the pathway of events involved in the activation of the acute inflammatory response up to the point of the presence of Th1 CD4+ T cells.

A
  1. microbe gets past physical barrier
  2. Tissue damage, complement activation

or

TLR on resident macrophage recognizes PAMP/DAMP

  1. release of inflammatory cytokines
    - TNFalpha–> M1 “angry macrophage”
    - IL-1
    - INFgama
  2. recruitment of leukocytes
    - MHC II on APCs

IHO week 1 (13 decks)

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