Diebel Innate Immunity

Question 1

Cathelcidin: What is it? What shape is it? alpha or beta?

Answer 1

antimicrobial peptide

alpha- helical

Question 2

Defensins; What is it? What shape is it?

Answer 2

antimicrobial peptide

Beta-strand peptides (

Question 3

Where do HNP alpha-defensins 1-4 come from?

Answer 3

PMNs, monocytes, lymphocytes

Question 4

Where do HD (alpha) (human defensins) 5 and 6 come from?

Answer 4

Paneth cells

Question 5

Where do Beta defensins come from?

Answer 5

mucosal surface epithilia

also monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells

Question 6

How do defensins work?

Answer 6

Break holes in microbial membranes

Question 7

Name 6 examples of PAMPs:

Answer 7

LPS

peptidoglycan (PGN)

lipopeptides

flagellin

bacterial DNA

viral dsRNA

Question 8

Stimulation of TLRs by PAMPs and DAMPs initiates signaling cascades leading to activation of which TFs?

Answer 8

AP-1

NF-kB “the mother of all transcription factors”

IRFs 3 and 7

Question 9

TLR 1 + 2:

PAMP?

Produces?

Answer 9

Triacylated lipoproteins, PTG, LPS

Inflammatory cytokines (ICs)

Question 10

TLR 2+6:

PAMP?

produces?

Answer 10

Diacylated lipoproteins

ICs

Question 11

TLR 3:

PAMPs?

produces?

Answer 11

dsRNA, tRNA, siRNA

ICs, type 1 INF

Question 12

TLR 4:

PAMPs?

produces?

Answer 12

LPS, paclitaxel

ICs, type 1 INF

Question 13

TLR 5:

PAMPs?

produces?

Answer 13

Flagellin

ICs

Question 14

TLR 7:

PAMPs?

produces?

Answer 14

ssRNA, Imidazoquinolines, guanisine analogs

ICs, type 1 INFs

Question 15

TLR 8:

PAMPs:

produces:

Answer 15

ssRNA, Imidazoquinolines

ICs, type 1 INF

Question 16

TLR 9:

PAMPs?

produces?

Answer 16

CpG DNA, CpG ODNs

ICs, type 1 INFs

Question 17

TLR 10:

PAMPs?

produces?

Answer 17

profilin like proteins

ICs

Question 18

4 hallmarks of inflamation:

Answer 18

edema

hyperthermia

local hypoxia

influx fo WBCs

Question 19

Histamine:

Answer 19

increased vascular permiability

Question 20

Prostaglandin E2:

Answer 20

vasodilation, increased vascular permiability

Question 21

Leukotriene D2:

Answer 21

neutrophil chemotaxis

increased vascular permiability

Question 22

Leukotriene D4:

Answer 22

increased vascular permiability

Question 23

TNF:

Macrophages

Answer 23

pyrogenic (fever causing)

stimulates expression of E-selctin

Question 24

IL-1:

Macrophages

Answer 24

endogenous pyrogen

stimulates expression of E-selectin

Question 25

IL-8: | Macrophages

Answer 25

chemotaxis

Question 26

IFN-gama:

Answer 26

NK cells activation of phagocytic cells and NK cells

Question 27

Three principle changes in tissue during acute inflammation:

Answer 27

increased blood supply increased capillary permiability increased leukocyte migration to affected area

Question 28

Inflammation type with higher proportion of neutrophilis and activated helper T cells?

Answer 28

acute

Question 29

Inflammation type with hight proportion of macrophages, cytotoxic t cells and B cells?

Answer 29

chronic

Question 30

What does TNF-alpha do?

Answer 30

I don't know, look it up!!!

Question 31

E-selectin:

Answer 31

adhesion molecule of endothelial cells that grabs onto passing WBCs