DNA synthesis

Question 1

site at which replication occurs

Answer 1

replication fork

Question 2

enzymes that unwind DNA

Answer 2

helicase and topisomerases

Question 3

major enzyme of DNA replication

Answer 3

DNA polymerase

Question 4

DNA strands are copied in this direction

Answer 4

3’ to 5’ direction

Question 5

Strands are produced in this direction

Answer 5

5’-to-3’

Question 6

Percursor for replication

Answer 6

deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates

Question 7

produces primer for DNA replication

Answer 7

enzyme primase

Question 8

synthesizes the replication of telomeres

Answer 8

telomerase

Question 9

def. of semi conserved

Answer 9

both DNA strands are present, just not together

Question 10

Protein that binds to point of origin in prokaryotes

Answer 10

DnaA

Question 11

Parental strands of prokaryotes are copied at same time via these proteins

Answer 11

gyrase, helicase, single stranded binding protein

Question 12

enzyme that separate the DNA strands

Answer 12

helicases

Question 13

enzyme that prevent the strands from reassociating and protect from other enzymes

Answer 13

single stranded binding proteins

Question 14

enzymes that break phospodiester bonds

Answer 14

topoisomerases

Question 15

major topoisomerase in bacteria

Answer 15

DNA gyrase

Question 16

what are okazaki strands

Answer 16

5’-to-3’ strands created as fragments

Question 17

what ties okazaki strands together

Answer 17

ligase

Question 18

combine to make promosome

Answer 18

helicase and primase

Question 19

holds polymerase on DNA strand

Answer 19

sliding clamp

Question 20

attches polymerase on lagging strand to sliding clamp

Answer 20

clamp loader

Question 21

poymerases that remain attached to the parental template while moving down the chain exhibit this

Answer 21

processivity

Question 22

Function of Pol I - bacterial DNA polymerase

Answer 22

fill gap, remove RNA primer

Question 23

function of Pol II

Answer 23

DNA repair

Question 24

function of Pol III

Answer 24

DNA replication

Question 25

these proteins straighten out the region of DNA chain

Answer 25

single-straned protrins

Question 26

enzyme htat synthesixes the short RNA primers of lagging strand

Answer 26

DNA primase

Question 27

remove RNA primers

Answer 27

Pol I and RNAse H

Question 28

Fills in gaps left by primer removeal

Answer 28

Pol I

Question 29

proofread of E. coli

Answer 29

Pol III

Question 30

phase of cell division

Answer 30

M phase

Question 31

Cells prepare to duplicate in this phase

Answer 31

G1

Question 32

DNA is replicated in this phase

Answer 32

S

Question 33

Cells prepare to divide in this phase

Answer 33

G2

Question 34

phase where cells remain dormant

Answer 34

G0

Question 35

how many origins of replication do eukaryotic cells have

Answer 35

multiple

Question 36

of eukaryotic DNA polymerase

Answer 36

15

Question 37

Major replicative enxyme

Answer 37

Pol sigma

Question 38

most polymerase have one of these functions

Answer 38

replication or repair

Question 39

Act on leading strand to make a RNA primer

Answer 39

Pol alpha

Question 40

Relieve tension and break phosphodiester links

Answer 40

Topo I

Question 41

Removes tangles by making protein gate

Answer 41

Topo II

Question 42

RNA of these base pairs lengthen the 3' strand

Answer 42

telomerase

Question 43

short piece of DNA lost when a cell divides

Answer 43

telomere

Question 44

enzyme that creates single stranded DNA from RNA template

Answer 44

reverse transcriptase

Question 45

Cells shorten to point of death is called this

Answer 45

Hayflick limit

Question 46

increased risk of cancer associated with this

Answer 46

variant in Pol beta

Question 47

5 flourcacil used to treat 1. by this method 2.

Answer 47

cancer, inhibits probduction of thymine