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Biology > DNA + RNA > Flashcards

DNA + RNA Flashcards

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1
Q

Heredity (Genetic Inheritance)

A

Passing on of features from parents to offspring by means of genes

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2
Q

Genes

A

Section of DNA that causes the production of a protein

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3
Q

Gene expression

A

Way which genetic information in a gene is decoded in the cell and used to make a protein

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4
Q

Non-coding DNA

A

DNA that doesn’t cause the production of protein

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5
Q

Founder of DNA

A

James Watson and Francis Crick

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6
Q

Nucleotide

A

Phosphate group
Nitrogen base
5 carbon sugar

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7
Q

Base Pair

A

Adenine + Thymine double H bonds
Guanine + Cytosine Triple H bonds
A+G Purine (double ring)
C+T Pyrimidine (Single ring)

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8
Q

Genetic code

A

Sequence of bases in DNA that provide the instruction for a cell (using RNA) to form a protein

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9
Q

Triplet/ codon

A

DNA codes for these amino acids by using a sequence of 3 bases

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10
Q

mRNA

A

Copy of a genetic message, use as a template to make protein

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11
Q

rRNA

A

Reads message on mRNA and used to attach mRNA to tRNA

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12
Q

tRNA

A

Place amino acid in correct sequence to make a protein

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13
Q

RNA

A

Uracil instead of Thymine
Contains ribose instead of deoxyribose

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14
Q

DNA replication

A

Production of an identical copy of the DNA

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15
Q

Semi-conservative

A

Each new DNA has half new DNA and half old DNA

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16
Q

DNA profiling

A

Method of making a unique pattern of bonds from the DNA of a person, which can then be used to compare with the DNA profile of another person

17
Q

Genetic screening

A

Testing of people to see if they have a specific gene

18
Q

Adult screening

A

Carried out on adults who may carry a defective gene. May not suffer from a genetic condition but may be a carrier

19
Q

Foetal screening

A

Cells can be removed from embryo, placenta or fluid around embryo to see if developing baby has genetic condition

20
Q

Anti codon

A

A sequence of a triplet on tRNA that are complimentary to a sequence of a triplet on mRNA

Biology (22 decks)

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