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Biology > Chp 4, 5 +6 Ecology > Flashcards

Chp 4, 5 +6 Ecology Flashcards

1
Q

Ecology

A

Study of interactions between living organism and between organisms and their environment

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2
Q

Biosphere

A

Part of the planet containing living organism

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3
Q

Ecosystem

A

Group of clearly distinguished organisms that interact with their environment as a unit

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4
Q

Habitat

A

Place where a plant or animal live

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5
Q

Population

A

Number of particular species living in a particular ecosystem

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6
Q

Community

A

Populations of different species living and interacting with each other in the same habitat

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7
Q

Biotic factor

A

Living factor
Organism’s influence on another organism

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8
Q

Competition

A

Two or more organisms that fight for a resource that is short in supply

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9
Q

Abiotic factor

A

Non- living factor

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10
Q

Climatic factor

A

Weather over a long period of time

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11
Q

Edaphic factors

A

Relates to soil

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12
Q

Food chain

A

Feeding relationships between organisms in which energy is transferred

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13
Q

Trophic level

A

Feeding stage in a food chain

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14
Q

Food web

A

Consist 2 or more intersecting food chains

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15
Q

Ecological pyramids

A

Used to show numbers of organisms in an ecosystem

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16
Q

Pyramid of numbers

A

Used to show numbers of organisms at each trophic level of a food chain

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17
Q

Inverted pyramid of numbers

A

Pyramid of numbers doesn’t take into account size of organisms
A tree can support thousands of caterpillars

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18
Q

Niche

A

Role of an organisms in an ecosystem
How it lives + does in its community

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19
Q

Nodules

A

Converts atmospheric nitrogen to nitrate

20
Q

Nitrogen fixation

A

Process of nitrogen in air converted into nitrate

21
Q

Nitrification

A

Conversion of ammonia to nitrites/ nitrates

22
Q

Denitrification

A

Conversion of nitrates to nitrogen gas

23
Q

Pollution

A

Addition of harmful substance to the environment

24
Q

Pollutants

A

Anything that causes pollution

25
Q

Eutrophication

A

Nutrients accumulating in water causing increase growth of microorganisms in water

26
Q

Conservation

A

Management of our environment, which will prevent the death and extinction of organisms

27
Q

Contest

A

Active physical confrontation whereby only one wins the resource

28
Q

Scramble

A

Struggle between organisms for resource, whereby each organisms get some resource

29
Q

Predation

A

Act of hunting, killing and eating prey

30
Q

Predator

A

Organisms that does the hunting

31
Q

Prey

A

Organisms eaten by predator

32
Q

Symbiosis

A

Close relationship between two organism of different species in which at least one of them benefit

33
Q

Parasitism

A

Relationship between 2 organisms of 2different species where one benefits and does harm to other

34
Q

Endoparasites

A

Live inside hosts

35
Q

Ectoparasites

A

Live outside host

36
Q

Mutualism

A

Close relationship between 2 organisms which both benefits

37
Q

Population dynamics

A

Study of changes that occur in a population and the factors that causes these changes

38
Q

Flora

A

Plants

39
Q

Fauna

A

Animals

40
Q

Key

A

A mean of naming organisms by answering a series of question

41
Q

Tullgren funnel

A

Heat from light causes insects to move down

42
Q

Qualitative study

A

Records the presence or absence of species

43
Q

Quantitative study

A

Record number of each species

44
Q

Percentage cover

A

Estimate of the amount of ground in a quadrant is covered by a species

45
Q

Percentage frequency

A

Chances of finding a named species with any one throw of the quadrant

46
Q

Line transect

A

Rope marked at intervals
Record what touches the line and measure environmental at each

47
Q

Capture recapture

A

Number caught and marked 1st x number caught 2nd
/ Number caught that are marked 2nd

Biology (22 decks)

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