DNA Replication test

Question 1

Where is DNA found

Answer 1

In nucleus

Question 2

When does the replication occur?

Answer 2

When the cell is ready to split

Question 3

Bands are apart of what structure and are?

Answer 3

DNA structure and are complementary (always the same)

Question 4

Each strand in the structure is…?

Answer 4

An inverse replica of the other (template)

Question 5

What are the six proteins of the DNA replication

Answer 5

Helicase, topoisomerase, binding proteins, primase, DNA polymerase, DNA ligase

Question 6

What are the five terms?

Answer 6

1. Parent strand
2. Daughter strand
3. Leading strand
4. Lagging strand
5. Replication fork

Question 7

What does the helicase do?

Answer 7

Unwinds and unzips the double helix

Question 8

What does the topoisomerase do?

Answer 8

Relieves supercool by cutting and reconnecting the sugar phosphate backbone

Question 9

What does the binding proteins do?

Answer 9

Single strand binding proteins keep helices from binding

Question 10

What does the primase do?

Answer 10

Short strand of RNA that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis.
Must go from 5’ to 3’

Question 11

What does the DNA polymerase do?

Answer 11

Enzyme that connects free nuecleotides to the parent strand forming a complementary strand

Question 12

What is the adj for leading strand?

Answer 12

Continuous

Question 13

Lagging strand

Answer 13

Fragmented

Question 14

What does the DNA ligase do?

Answer 14

Joins single chain links between Okazaki fragments. Completes short patch DNA synthesis occurring in DNA repair process

Question 15

What are the 4 parts of the membrane function?

Answer 15

Diffusion
1. Osmosis
Permeability
Transport
1. Passive transport
  A. Facilitated diffusion
2. Active transport 
Movement

Question 16

Def of diffusion ?

Answer 16

The process by which molecules of a substance move from areas of higher concentration of that substance to areas of lower concentration

Question 17

Def of permeable?

Answer 17

The membrane that allows substances to pass through

Question 18

Def of Impermeable?

Answer 18

A membrane that does not allow substances pass through

Question 19

Def of selectively permeable?

Answer 19

Some substances can pass through a membrane while Other substances are blocked

Question 20

What is osmosis

Answer 20

The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 21

What is passive transport

Answer 21

The movement of substances through the phospholipid bilayer portion of the membrane without energy

Question 22

What are the two kinds of transports

Answer 22

Passive and active

Question 23

What is active transport

Answer 23

Requires energy, atp becomes adp, goes against gradient

Question 24

Passive transport nonpolar or polar

Answer 24

Nonpolar

Question 25

What is facilitated diffusion

Answer 25

Passive transport through protein channels embedded in the cell membrane

Question 26

What does the active transport requires

Answer 26

Energy/ATP and it becomes ADP

Question 27

Exocytosis

Answer 27

Vacuole joins with the plasma membrane and cytoplasm to surround and engulf a large particle(cell eating)

Question 28

Endocytosis

Answer 28

Plasma membrane forms a pocket around substance, engulfs it and then forms a vacuole in the cytoplasma

Question 29

Beta oxidation

Answer 29

Mitochondrial matrix

Question 30

What protein unwinds and unzips

Answer 30

Helicase

Question 31

What protein relieves the supercoil

Answer 31

Topoisomerase

Question 32

What protein keeps the daughter strand from closing

Answer 32

Binding proteins

Question 33

What protein creates a handhold for the 5’ and makes a starting point

Answer 33

Primase

Question 34

What is density

Answer 34

More dense less permeable

Question 34

Able to state the two different molecules that make up an ATP

Answer 34

Adenosine and phosphate

Question 35

Be able to define phosphorylation

Answer 35

ADP and inorganic phosphate — ATP: adding one (inorganic) phosphate to make ATP

Question 36

State and explain the main purpose of glycolysis

Answer 36

Glucose—pyruvate—NADH

Question 37

State and explain the main purpose of the beta oxidation

Answer 37

Cuts fatty acid every 2 carbons, create Acetal CoA

Question 38

State and explain the main purpose of the Krebs cycle

Answer 38

Take carbon off (6 MADH, 2 FADHv2, ATP—24 NADH, 8FADHv2, (lipid) ATP)

Question 39

Staying explain the main purpose of oxidative Phosphorylation

Answer 39

Redox reactions that transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electronic acceptor

Question 40

What are the two parts under oxidative phosphorylase

Answer 40

Electron transport chain and Chemiosmosis

Question 41

What does electron transport chain do?

Answer 41

Pump hydrogen out to create gradient

Question 42

What is chemiosmosis

Answer 42

ATP synthase, create ATP w/ out using ATP

Question 43

What are the four different ways that energy is stored

Answer 43

1. ATP, ADP 2. NADH, FADHv2, NADPH 3. Organic molecules 4. Kno the summary chemical equations for cellular respiration

Question 44

How is energy stored in ATP and ADP

Answer 44

ATP: high energy bonds ADP: one less

Question 45

How is energy stores with NADH, FADHv2, NADPH

Answer 45

Stores in electron: that will be donated

Question 46

How is energy stored with organic molecules

Answer 46

Potential energy in carbon chains

Question 47

Kno the summary chemical equations for cellular respiration

Answer 47

C6H12O6+O2—CO2+H2O

Question 48

Kno why oxygen is important in cellular respiration and what happens if oxygen is not present

Answer 48

Can’t form CO2 Krebs cycle doesn’t work, can’t form H2O oxidation doesn’t work

Question 49

State and explain how rate limiting agent in glycolysis and beta oxidation

Answer 49

Explain: enzyme breaks off Agent for BO: carnatine shuttle Agent for G: PFK(phosphofutose kinase

Question 50

What is the location for glycolysis

Answer 50

Cytosol

Question 51

What is the location of beta oxidation

Answer 51

Mitochondria

Question 52

What is the location of Kreb’s cycle

Answer 52

Mitochondria matrix

Question 53

What is the location for electron transport

Answer 53

Cristae