Cell

Question 1

What is the difference between plant and animal cells?

Answer 1

Plant cells: box shaped cells, prokaryote cells, have no lysosomes and centrioles, cell is rigid
Animal cells: eukaryotes cells, circular, has a membrane-enclosed nucleus, which houses dna

Question 2

What are the Eight organelles?

Answer 2

1. Mitochondria
2. Lysosomes
3. Ribosomes
4. Chloroplasts
5. Vacuoles
6. Golgi apparatus
7. Endoplasmic reticulum
8. Cytoskeleton

Question 3

Exocytosis

Answer 3

The process of vesicles fusing with the plasma membrane and releasing their contents to the outside of the cell

Question 4

Endocytosis

Answer 4

The process of capturing a particle from outside the cell by engulfing it with the cell membrane and bringing it into the cell.

Question 5

What is the function of mitochondria

Answer 5

It converts the chemical energy in food to the chemical energy of ATP

Question 6

What is the function of chloroplasts

Answer 6

Converts light energy into the chemical energy of sugar

Question 7

What is the function of a ribosome

Answer 7

Poly peptide synthesis

Question 8

Is the function of rough ER

Answer 8

proteins synthesis, phospholipids synthesis, formation of transport vesicles

Question 9

Is the function of smooth ER

Answer 9

Lipid synthesis, detoxification of liver cell

Question 10

What is the function of Golgi apparatus

Answer 10

Packaging of proteins, modification of macromolecules, formation of lysosomes

Question 11

What is the function of a cytoskeleton

Answer 11

Provide structural support and cell motility

Question 12

Is the function of vacuoles

Answer 12

Storage

Question 13

Is the function of lysosomes

Answer 13

Digestion of food

Question 14

What is an organelle

Answer 14

Partitioned into functional compartments

Question 15

What’s the problem of having a lysosome that doesn’t work

Answer 15

Without it you can’t digest or clean out

Question 16

Three vacuoles

Answer 16

Food vacuole which holds food, central vacuole which holds water in plants, contractile vacuole which balances water in plants

Question 17

What are the parts of mitochondria

Answer 17

The outer membrane, inter-membrane space, inner membrane, matrix star cristae

Question 18

What are the parts of chloroplasts

Answer 18

Outer membrane, inner membrane, thylakoid, Granham, stroma

Question 19

What are the three fibers inside a skeleton

Answer 19

Microtubule, microfilaments, intermediate filaments

Question 20

What is actin and tubulin

Answer 20

Acton makes of microfilaments, tubulin makes of microtubules

Question 21

How are movements achieved by cells in regards to the fibers

Answer 21

Dynein attaches to microtubules and walks

Question 22

What helps the anchoring

Answer 22

Centrosome

Question 23

What is the difference between Cilia and flagella

Answer 23

Celia is short and many and moves quickly, flagella is Long and coupled and fast sweep like motion

Question 24

No the 9 x 2 structure of Celia and flagella

Answer 24

9 x 2

Question 25

Define diffusion

Answer 25

The process by which molecules of a substance move from areas of high concentration of that substance to areas of low concentration

Question 26

Define osmosis

Answer 26

The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 27

Define selectively permeable membrane

Answer 27

Some substance can pass through a membrane well other substances are blocked

Question 28

Define facilitated diffusion

Answer 28

Passive transport through protein channels embedded in the cell membrane

Question 29

Define active transport

Answer 29

Requires energy makes ADP and goes against the gradient

Question 30

Define passive transport

Answer 30

The movement of substances through the phospholipid Byler portion of the membrane without energy goes with the gradient and goes from high concentration to low concentration