DNA Replication Flashcards
Why does DNA replicate?
For succesful cell devision
When does DNA replication occur?
During interphase
Where does DNA replication occur?
In the nucleus
4 main types of enzymes in DNA replication?
- Helicase
- DNA polymerase
- RNA Primase
- DNA Ligase
What is Helicase?
what does it do?
It’s an enzyme that breaks H-bonds between DNA Bases
“The Unzipper”
What is DNA polymerase?
It replicates DNA molecules to create new strands of DNA
“The Builder”
What is RNA Primase?
An enzyme that lays down a “primer” so DNA polymerase can know where to build
(their “primer” is made of RNA)
What is DNA Ligase?
The enzyme that connects DNA fragments together
“the Gluer’
What direction is DNA built?
5’ to 3’
What is the leading strand?
The strand of DNA being built that is constant and not built in fragments
What is the lagging strand?
The strand of DNA being created in fragments
NAME: (okazaki fragments)
Why is DNA called
semi-conservative?
Because the new strand consist of:
1 new strand and 1 old strand
Semi=(half) Conservative= (conserved from old half)
What is the diffrence between DNA polymerase 1 and 3?
3= Is the main builder that adds nucleotides after Primase is laid
1= Removes RNA primer on the lagging strand and replaces it with DNA
What is topoisomerase?
An enzyme that stops DNA from over coiling
(infront of helicase)
What are single stranded binding proteins?
Enzyme that stop DNA H-bonds from reattaching
What is an exonucleases?
Enzyme that checks for mistakes in DNA replication
what is a nucleoside triphosphate?
The building blocks that combine to form nucleotides
Results later is DNA
