DNA Methods of Analysis Flashcards
What are restriction enzymes?
When the molecules of DNA are broken into smaller fragments of enzymes at particular sites.
What are restriction fragments?
The fragments cut by the restriction enzymes.
What are gel eletrophoresis?
A technique used to separate fragments
Where do restriction enzymes occur?
Occurs is bacteria.
What do the restriction enzymes protect?
Bacteria from viruses by cutting up the virus.
What is non-coding DNA called?
Junk DNA because its function has not yet been discovered.
What happens during gel electrophoresis?
Takes place in a sheet of a firm but jelly-like substance. Samples of the DNA extract are placed in shallow cavities cut into one end of the gel. A voltage is applied to the opposite ends of the gel. The negative charge moves slowly towards the positive end.
What can be used for a DNA sample?
blood, cheek epithelial cells from the mouth lining, cells clinging to the root of a hair.
What does the genome include?
All the chromosomes
All the genes on the chromosomes
All the DNA of the chromosomes
What is mapping?
The identification of genes and their positions in the chromosomes.
What does sequencing aim to find out?
The sequence of nucleotides in a stretch of DNA.
