DNA Methods of Analysis Flashcards

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1
Q

What are restriction enzymes?

A

When the molecules of DNA are broken into smaller fragments of enzymes at particular sites.

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2
Q

What are restriction fragments?

A

The fragments cut by the restriction enzymes.

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3
Q

What are gel eletrophoresis?

A

A technique used to separate fragments

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4
Q

Where do restriction enzymes occur?

A

Occurs is bacteria.

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5
Q

What do the restriction enzymes protect?

A

Bacteria from viruses by cutting up the virus.

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6
Q

What is non-coding DNA called?

A

Junk DNA because its function has not yet been discovered.

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7
Q

What happens during gel electrophoresis?

A

Takes place in a sheet of a firm but jelly-like substance. Samples of the DNA extract are placed in shallow cavities cut into one end of the gel. A voltage is applied to the opposite ends of the gel. The negative charge moves slowly towards the positive end.

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8
Q

What can be used for a DNA sample?

A

blood, cheek epithelial cells from the mouth lining, cells clinging to the root of a hair.

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9
Q

What does the genome include?

A

All the chromosomes
All the genes on the chromosomes
All the DNA of the chromosomes

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10
Q

What is mapping?

A

The identification of genes and their positions in the chromosomes.

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11
Q

What does sequencing aim to find out?

A

The sequence of nucleotides in a stretch of DNA.

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