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Biology > DNA and RNA > Flashcards

DNA and RNA Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

who discovered DNA in 1869

A

Friedrich Miescher

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2
Q

how did Firedrich Miescher discover DNA

A

used bloody bandage, removed lipids and other stuff, remaining grey stuff was DNA

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3
Q

who confirmed the helical structure of DNA first

A

Rosalind Franklin

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4
Q

who used Rosalind Franklin’s picture to make the first model of DNA

A

Watson and Crick

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5
Q

what is the shape of DNA

A

double helix

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6
Q

what can a double helix be compared to

A

twisty ladder

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7
Q

what is the structure of DNA

A

polymer

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8
Q

what is a polymer

A

long repeating chain if many units

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9
Q

what are the single units of a polymer called

A

monomer

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10
Q

what is the monomer of DNA

A

nucelotides

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11
Q

what are the parts of a nucelotide

A

phosphate group, deoxiribose sugar, nitrogenous base

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12
Q

what makes up the backbone

A

phosphate group and deoxirobose sugar

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13
Q

what do covalent bonds hold together

A

sugar and phosphates of 2 nucelotides

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14
Q

what holds the nitrogenous bases together

A

hyrdogen bonding

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15
Q

how many hydrogen bonds are there in guanine and cytosine

A

3

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16
Q

how many hydrogen bonds are there in adenine and thymine

A

2

17
Q

what are the nitrogenous bases

A

adenine
thymine
guanine
cytosine

18
Q

whats the difference between purines and pyrimidines

A

purines have double rings while other have single rings

19
Q

what are the purines

A

adenine

guanine

20
Q

what are the pyrimidines

A

thymine

cytosine

21
Q

when does cell replication take place

A

before a cell divides

22
Q

what unzips the hydrogen bonds of the double helix

A

helicase

23
Q

true or false DNA is parallel

A

false

24
Q

what holds the unzipped strands in place

A

binding proteins

25
Q

what adds new nucleotides on the leading strand

A

DNA polymerase

26
Q

what strand is the leading strand

A

5 - 3 prime

27
Q

you can only add nucleotides on the … end

A

3 prime

Biology (9 decks)

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