diversity of life Flashcards
1
Q
what are the levels of the Linnaeus system
A
domain kingdom phylum class order family genus species
2
Q
what are the domains
A
bacteria
archaea
eukarya
3
Q
what are the kingdoms of bacteria
A
eubacteria
4
Q
what kind of organisms are eubacteria
A
prokaryotes
5
Q
what does it mean to be prokaryotic
A
no membrane bound organelles
6
Q
how do eubacteria reproduce
A
asexual with binary fission, fragmentation, budding, spores
7
Q
where do eubacteria live
A
all habitats
8
Q
what were the first life forms on earth
A
eubacteria
9
Q
what is the eubacterias environmental niche
A
Nutrient Cycling – Nitrogen (N Fixing Bacteria)
10
Q
what is the eubacterias economic use
A
Fermentation: Yogurt, Cheese
Biotechnology: Making Antibiotics
11
Q
what is eubacteria pathology
A
Human Skin and Gut Flora (Commensal, Mutual)
Infectious Disease – Cholera, Syphilis, Anthrax, Leprosy, Bubonic Plague (“Black Death”), Tuberculosis
12
Q
what is the kingdom of archaea
A
archebacteria
13
Q
what kind of organisms are arche
A
prokaryotic
14
Q
what is the difference between arche and eubacteria
A
some arche have cell walls, membranes, and organelles. they are not eukaryotic. arche do not use spores to repoduce
15
Q
where are arche located
A
all habitats
16
Q
how are arche and eubacteria somewhat similar
A
horizontal gene sharing
17
Q
what is the environmental niche of arche
A
Nutrient Cycling – Carbon, Nitrogen
18
Q
how are arche used economically
A
Sewage Treatment
Organic Solvent
Biotechnology
19
Q
can arche cause pathogens or parasties
A
none that are known
20
Q
what kind of organisms are in eukarya
A
eukaryotes
21
Q
what does it mean to be eukaryotic
A
cells contain membrane bound organelles
22
Q
do eukaryotes have to be multicellular
A
no, they can be unicellular
23
Q
what does it mean to be colonial
A
living in groups
24
Q
what does it mean to be solitary
A
living alone
25
what does it mean to be motile
movable
26
what does it mean to be sedentary
not moving
27
true or false. cell division equals binary fission
false
28
is eukarya the minority or majority of living organisms
minority
29
what are the kingdoms of eukarya
protista
fungi
plantae
animalia
30
what kingdom includes eukaryotic microorganisms that do not fit anywhere else
protista
31
protista can be unicellular and multicellular without ...
tissues
32
how do protists live
solitary and colonial
33
where to protists live
anywhere in water
34
how do protists reproduce
sexual and asexual
35
what does it mean to be heterotrophic
depending on others for food
36
what does it mean to be autotrophic
depending on self for food
37
what trophic are protista
auto
| hetero
38
what are examples of protist trophic
photosynthesis
predatory
parastite
39
why are protists important
vital producers of algae
40
how do protists move
sedentary
pseudo motion
flagella
cilia
41
why are protista bad
malaria
| sleeping sickness
42
what kingdom includes shrooms
fungi
43
what kind of organisms are fungi
eukaryotic
44
what are examples of fungi
yeast
mold
shrooms
45
what are fungi more closely related to
animals
46
what is a defining characteristic of fungi
cell walls made of chitin
47
are fungi sedentary or motile
most of them are sedentary
48
what trophic are fungi
hetero
49
what do fungi cells lack
chloroplasts
50
who else lacks chloroplasts
animals
51
what do fungi share in common with plants
vacuoles
52
what do fungi organisms lack
transport systems
53
how do fungi make up for lack of transport systems
stay low to ground
54
what are similar to plant roots
rhizomorphs
55
how do fungi grow
Hyphae – Elongated, Tubular, Filamentous Structures
56
how do fungi reproduce
sex
| asex
57
what is fungi environmental niche
Nutrient Cycling, Decomposition
58
what is fungi economic use
Food – Mushrooms, Truffles; Food Additive
Fermentation
Antibiotics
Detergents
Pesticides – Weeds, Plant Diseases, Pests
59
how are fungi used in religion
shrooms to get high in religious ceremonies also known as psychotrophic
60
what are negative impacts of fungi
plants and animal pathogens
| get high as fuck
61
what is study of fungi
mycology
62
what kingdom includes plants
plantae
63
what are examples of plantae
Tree, Flowers, Fern, Bushes, Sedges, Grass, etc.
64
what is the study of plants
botany
65
what kind of organisms are plantae
eukaryotes
66
what kind of movements are plants
sedentary
67
what is a plant cell wall made of
cellulose
68
what do plants use to make food
photosynthesis using light and co2
69
what kind of trophic are most plants
auto
70
can some plants be heterotrophic
yes
71
what does it mean to be nonvasclar
no vascular system
72
what does the vascular system contain
xylem
| phloem
73
how do non-vascular plants compromise
specialized water transported tissues
74
what are examples of non vascular
Mosses, Liverworts, Some Algae
75
what defines a vascular plant
has vascular system
76
what are vascular plants primarily
photosynthetic
77
what is xylem
water, inorganic transport
78
what is plhoem
organic transport
79
what are subgroups of vascular
seed and seedless
80
how do seedless reproduce
spores
81
what are examples of seedless
ferns
82
how do seeds reproduce
produce seeds
83
what are examples of seed
pine tree
| marigold
84
what are two subgroups of seed
gymnosperms
| angiosperms
85
what is gymnosperm
seed not enclosed in fruit
86
example of gymno
pine tree
87
what is angiosperm
seeds enclosed in fruit
88
example of angio
flowering plant
89
animalia are mostly
multicellular
motile
sexual
90
how do animalia reproduce
sex
91
what do animalia lack
cell walls
92
what kind of trophic are animalia
hetero
93
what are phylum of animalia
```
Proifera
Cnidaria
Platyhelminthes
Arthropoda
Annelida
Mollusca
Chordata
```
94
what are porifera
sponges that are sedentary aquatic organisms
95
what do porifera lack
tissues organs
96
porifera body
Nonliving Jelly-Like Mass Between 2 Layers of Cells
97
how do porifera eat
filter feeders
carnivores on crustaceans
photosynthesis using bacteria
98
how do porifera reproduce
sexual by releasing sperms and eggs
99
what phylum includes corals and jellies
cnidaria
100
what symmetry do cnidaria have
radial
101
what kind of reproduction do cnid have
sex
102
what is cnid body made of
Nonliving Jelly-Like Substance Between 2 Layers of Cells
103
do cnid move and how
motile, neuromuscular cells
104
what is a specialized stinging cell
cnidocyte
105
what phylum includes flatworms
Platyhelminthes
106
what are examples of platy
Planarians, Flukes,
| Tapeworms
107
do platy have vertebrate
no
108
do platy have segments
no
109
what kind of symmetry do platy have
bilateral
110
do platy have specialized circulatory respiratory organs and if not how do they cope
no, oxygen and nutrients through diffusion
111
what kind of trophic are platy
hetero
112
where do platy live
water
| other organisms
113
what are benefits of platy and negatives
snail control positive
| tapeworms negative
114
how do platy reproduce
sex
| asex
115
what phylum includes segmented worms
annelida
116
where do annel live
water
117
what trophic are annel
hetero
118
what does each annel segemtn contain
same organ or paraphodia
119
how do annel reproduce
sex
asex
hermaphrodite
120
what are examples of annel
leeches
121
annel environmental niche
aerate
| enrich soil
122
annel economic impact
agriculture
| bait
123
annel industry use
jaws used as models for cutting
124
what phylum includes bugs and crusteceans
arthropod
125
how are arthro unique
invertebrate
segmented
jointed limbs
exoskeleton
126
what is athro circulatory system
hemolymph bathes blood over organs
127
what is arthro nervous system
ladder like 2 ventral nerve cords
128
how do arthro reproduce
sex
129
what are subgroups of arthro
chelicerata
crustacea
tracheata
130
examples of chelicerata
arachnids
131
examples of crustacea
sea food (shrimp, lobsters, crabs)
132
examples of tracheata
insects and centipedes
133
what is largest marine phylum
mollusca
134
what are examples of mollusca
snails, slugs, clams
135
what are subgroups of mollusca
gastropoda
cephlapoda
bivalva
136
examples of gastropoda
snails
137
examples of cephalapod
squid octopus
138
examples of bivalva
clams, oister, mussles
139
mollusca economic
pearls, sea silk, purple dye
140
where do mollusca live
marine
141
what is trocophore larvae
planktonic
142
what phylum includes vertebrates
chordata
143
what defines chordates
Notochord: Flexible Rod in Embryo (Vertebra)
Dorsal Nerve Chord: Hollow Tube (Spinal Chord)
Pharyngeal Slits: Slit Around Neck in Embryo
Endostyle: Ciliated Groove, Pharynx, Produced Mucus
Post-Anal Tail
144
what are subgroups of chordata
unchordata
cephalchordata
vertebrata
145
unchordata examples
sea tulips
146
cephalachordata examples
lancelets
147
vertebrata examples
humasn
