diversity of life Flashcards
what are the levels of the Linnaeus system
domain kingdom phylum class order family genus species
what are the domains
bacteria
archaea
eukarya
what are the kingdoms of bacteria
eubacteria
what kind of organisms are eubacteria
prokaryotes
what does it mean to be prokaryotic
no membrane bound organelles
how do eubacteria reproduce
asexual with binary fission, fragmentation, budding, spores
where do eubacteria live
all habitats
what were the first life forms on earth
eubacteria
what is the eubacterias environmental niche
Nutrient Cycling – Nitrogen (N Fixing Bacteria)
what is the eubacterias economic use
Fermentation: Yogurt, Cheese
Biotechnology: Making Antibiotics
what is eubacteria pathology
Human Skin and Gut Flora (Commensal, Mutual)
Infectious Disease – Cholera, Syphilis, Anthrax, Leprosy, Bubonic Plague (“Black Death”), Tuberculosis
what is the kingdom of archaea
archebacteria
what kind of organisms are arche
prokaryotic
what is the difference between arche and eubacteria
some arche have cell walls, membranes, and organelles. they are not eukaryotic. arche do not use spores to repoduce
where are arche located
all habitats
how are arche and eubacteria somewhat similar
horizontal gene sharing
what is the environmental niche of arche
Nutrient Cycling – Carbon, Nitrogen
how are arche used economically
Sewage Treatment
Organic Solvent
Biotechnology
can arche cause pathogens or parasties
none that are known
what kind of organisms are in eukarya
eukaryotes
what does it mean to be eukaryotic
cells contain membrane bound organelles
do eukaryotes have to be multicellular
no, they can be unicellular
what does it mean to be colonial
living in groups
what does it mean to be solitary
living alone
what does it mean to be motile
movable
what does it mean to be sedentary
not moving
true or false. cell division equals binary fission
false
is eukarya the minority or majority of living organisms
minority
what are the kingdoms of eukarya
protista
fungi
plantae
animalia
what kingdom includes eukaryotic microorganisms that do not fit anywhere else
protista
protista can be unicellular and multicellular without …
tissues
how do protists live
solitary and colonial
where to protists live
anywhere in water
how do protists reproduce
sexual and asexual
what does it mean to be heterotrophic
depending on others for food
what does it mean to be autotrophic
depending on self for food
what trophic are protista
auto
hetero
what are examples of protist trophic
photosynthesis
predatory
parastite
why are protists important
vital producers of algae
how do protists move
sedentary
pseudo motion
flagella
cilia
why are protista bad
malaria
sleeping sickness
what kingdom includes shrooms
fungi
what kind of organisms are fungi
eukaryotic
what are examples of fungi
yeast
mold
shrooms
what are fungi more closely related to
animals
what is a defining characteristic of fungi
cell walls made of chitin
are fungi sedentary or motile
most of them are sedentary
what trophic are fungi
hetero
what do fungi cells lack
chloroplasts
who else lacks chloroplasts
animals
what do fungi share in common with plants
vacuoles
what do fungi organisms lack
transport systems
how do fungi make up for lack of transport systems
stay low to ground
what are similar to plant roots
rhizomorphs
how do fungi grow
Hyphae – Elongated, Tubular, Filamentous Structures
how do fungi reproduce
sex
asex
what is fungi environmental niche
Nutrient Cycling, Decomposition
what is fungi economic use
Food – Mushrooms, Truffles; Food Additive
Fermentation
Antibiotics
Detergents
Pesticides – Weeds, Plant Diseases, Pests
how are fungi used in religion
shrooms to get high in religious ceremonies also known as psychotrophic
what are negative impacts of fungi
plants and animal pathogens
get high as fuck
what is study of fungi
mycology
what kingdom includes plants
plantae
what are examples of plantae
Tree, Flowers, Fern, Bushes, Sedges, Grass, etc.
what is the study of plants
botany
what kind of organisms are plantae
eukaryotes
what kind of movements are plants
sedentary
what is a plant cell wall made of
cellulose
what do plants use to make food
photosynthesis using light and co2
what kind of trophic are most plants
auto
can some plants be heterotrophic
yes
what does it mean to be nonvasclar
no vascular system
what does the vascular system contain
xylem
phloem
how do non-vascular plants compromise
specialized water transported tissues
what are examples of non vascular
Mosses, Liverworts, Some Algae
what defines a vascular plant
has vascular system
what are vascular plants primarily
photosynthetic
what is xylem
water, inorganic transport
what is plhoem
organic transport
what are subgroups of vascular
seed and seedless
how do seedless reproduce
spores
what are examples of seedless
ferns
how do seeds reproduce
produce seeds
what are examples of seed
pine tree
marigold
what are two subgroups of seed
gymnosperms
angiosperms
what is gymnosperm
seed not enclosed in fruit
example of gymno
pine tree
what is angiosperm
seeds enclosed in fruit
example of angio
flowering plant
animalia are mostly
multicellular
motile
sexual
how do animalia reproduce
sex
what do animalia lack
cell walls
what kind of trophic are animalia
hetero
what are phylum of animalia
Proifera Cnidaria Platyhelminthes Arthropoda Annelida Mollusca Chordata
what are porifera
sponges that are sedentary aquatic organisms
what do porifera lack
tissues organs
porifera body
Nonliving Jelly-Like Mass Between 2 Layers of Cells
how do porifera eat
filter feeders
carnivores on crustaceans
photosynthesis using bacteria
how do porifera reproduce
sexual by releasing sperms and eggs
what phylum includes corals and jellies
cnidaria
what symmetry do cnidaria have
radial
what kind of reproduction do cnid have
sex
what is cnid body made of
Nonliving Jelly-Like Substance Between 2 Layers of Cells
do cnid move and how
motile, neuromuscular cells
what is a specialized stinging cell
cnidocyte
what phylum includes flatworms
Platyhelminthes
what are examples of platy
Planarians, Flukes,
Tapeworms
do platy have vertebrate
no
do platy have segments
no
what kind of symmetry do platy have
bilateral
do platy have specialized circulatory respiratory organs and if not how do they cope
no, oxygen and nutrients through diffusion
what kind of trophic are platy
hetero
where do platy live
water
other organisms
what are benefits of platy and negatives
snail control positive
tapeworms negative
how do platy reproduce
sex
asex
what phylum includes segmented worms
annelida
where do annel live
water
what trophic are annel
hetero
what does each annel segemtn contain
same organ or paraphodia
how do annel reproduce
sex
asex
hermaphrodite
what are examples of annel
leeches
annel environmental niche
aerate
enrich soil
annel economic impact
agriculture
bait
annel industry use
jaws used as models for cutting
what phylum includes bugs and crusteceans
arthropod
how are arthro unique
invertebrate
segmented
jointed limbs
exoskeleton
what is athro circulatory system
hemolymph bathes blood over organs
what is arthro nervous system
ladder like 2 ventral nerve cords
how do arthro reproduce
sex
what are subgroups of arthro
chelicerata
crustacea
tracheata
examples of chelicerata
arachnids
examples of crustacea
sea food (shrimp, lobsters, crabs)
examples of tracheata
insects and centipedes
what is largest marine phylum
mollusca
what are examples of mollusca
snails, slugs, clams
what are subgroups of mollusca
gastropoda
cephlapoda
bivalva
examples of gastropoda
snails
examples of cephalapod
squid octopus
examples of bivalva
clams, oister, mussles
mollusca economic
pearls, sea silk, purple dye
where do mollusca live
marine
what is trocophore larvae
planktonic
what phylum includes vertebrates
chordata
what defines chordates
Notochord: Flexible Rod in Embryo (Vertebra)
Dorsal Nerve Chord: Hollow Tube (Spinal Chord)
Pharyngeal Slits: Slit Around Neck in Embryo
Endostyle: Ciliated Groove, Pharynx, Produced Mucus
Post-Anal Tail
what are subgroups of chordata
unchordata
cephalchordata
vertebrata
unchordata examples
sea tulips
cephalachordata examples
lancelets
vertebrata examples
humasn
