DNA Flashcards
In a DNA molecule, the letters A, T, C, and G represent
Bases
The individuality of an organism is determined by the organism’s
DNA base sequence
What are the bases
A- adenine
T- thymine
C- cytosine
G- guanine
A- adenine
T- thymine
C- cytosine
G- guanine
Bases
What job does the Ligase do
Gluer
Gluer
Ligase
What job does helicase do
Unzipper
Unzipper
Helicase
What does DNA polymerase do
Builder
Builder
DNA polymerase
Primase
Initializer
Primer
A goes with
T
C goes with
G
T goes with
A
G goes with
C
Structure of DNA
double helix
Monomers of DNA (Nucleotide)
Deoxyribose (5 Carbon sugar)
Phosphate
Nitrogen base
Purines
Double rings
Adenine
Guanine
Pyrimidines
Single ring
Thymine
Cytosine
Check prime
-
What do covalent bonds link
Carbon 3 and 5
A purine must pair with a _____
Pyrimidine
During what phase does DNA replication occur
Synthesis phase
Step 1 of replication
Helicase unzips the double helix
Proteins hold the strands apart
What unzips the double helix
Helicase
What holds the DNA strands apart
Proteins
Step 2 of replication
DNA polymerase starts copying the DNA from 3 prime to 5 prime end (new DNA built 5-3 prime end)
From what to what does DNA Polymerase build
3 prime - 5 prime
Lagging strand
Copied in sections bc copied from 3 prime to 5 prime end
Each new section is called Okazaki fragment
DNA Ligase seals the fragments
What is each new section of the lagging strand called
Okazaki fragment
What seals the lagging strand’s fragments
Ligase
What proofreads for mutations
DNA Polymerase
Bacteria 500 nucleotides
Mammal 50 nucleotides
-
SSB
Holds strands open
