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Living Evironment > Cell Organelles and Transport > Flashcards

Cell Organelles and Transport Flashcards

1
Q

levels of organization

A 
Atoms 
Molecules 
Organelles 
Cells
Tissues 
Organs 
Organ systems 
Organisms
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2
Q

Prokaryotic cells

A

Bacteria

Lack a nucleus and other organelles

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3
Q

Bacteria

Lack a nucleus and other organelles

A

Prokaryotic cells

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4
Q

Eukaryotic cells

A

All plant and animal cells

Many organelles

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5
Q

All plant and animal cells

Many organelles

A

Eukaryotic cells

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6
Q

Cell membrane

A

Provides a barrier between the cell and the environment

Transport

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7
Q

Provides a barrier between the cell and the environment

Transport

A

Cell membrane

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8
Q

Vacuole

A

Stores water, minerals, and sometimes food. +wAste

Really large in plant cells

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9
Q

Stores water, minerals, and sometimes food. +wAste

Really large in plant cells

A

vacuole

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10
Q

Lysosome

A

A sac of digestive juices (acts like a stomach)

ENZYMES

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11
Q

A sac of digestive juices (acts like a stomach)

ENZYMES

A

Lysosome

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12
Q

mitochondria

A

Where is cellular respiration takes place, our energy (ATP) comes from here

Powerhouse of the cell

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13
Q

Where is cellular respiration takes place, our energy (ATP) comes from here

Powerhouse of the cell

A

Mitochondria

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14
Q

Golgi bodies

A

“Packages” cell material, wraps a membrane around proteins and materials made in the cell

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15
Q

“Packages” cell material, wraps a membrane around proteins and materials made in the cell

A

Golgi bodies

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16
Q

Centrioles

A

(Only in animal cells) Helps the cell undergo cellular division, or mitosis

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17
Q

(Only in animal cells) Help to sell undergo cellular division, or mitosis

A

Centrioles

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18
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Jelly like material that fills the extra space in a cell, also where most of our chemical reactions occur

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19
Q

Jelly like material that fills the extra space in a cell, also where most of our chemical reactions occur

A

Cytoplasm

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20
Q

Ribosomes

A

Site of protein production

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21
Q

Site of protein production

A

Ribosomes

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22
Q

Endoplasmic reticulum or ER

A

Transports materials around the cell

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23
Q

Transports materials around the cell

A

ER

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24
Q

Rough ER

A

Proteins - has ribosomes on it

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25
Q

Smooth ER

A

Lipids

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26
Q

Nuclear membrane

A

Separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell

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27
Q

Proteins - has ribosomes on it

A

Rough ER

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28
Q

Lipids

A

Smooth ER

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29
Q

Separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell

A

Nuclear membrane

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30
Q

Nucleolus

A

Dense part of a nucleus, where RNA is made

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31
Q

Dense part of a nucleus, where RNA is made

A

Nucleolus

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32
Q

Nucleus

A

Stores DNA, controls most cellular activities (brain of the cell)

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33
Q

Stores DNA, controls most cellular activities (brain of the cell)

A

Nucleus

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34
Q

Cell wall

A

Rigid structure around the outside of plant cells to give them structure and support (made of cellulose)

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35
Q

Rigid structure around the outside of plant cells to give them structure and support (made of cellulose)

A

Cell wall

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36
Q

Chloroplast

A

Site of photosynthesis, make sugar molecules using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.

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37
Q

Site of photosynthesis, make sugar molecules using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.

A

Chloroplast

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38
Q

Draw a cell membrane

A

——

39
Q

Fatty acids are ______

A

hydrophobic

40
Q

What is hydrophobic

A

Fatty acids

41
Q

What is hydrophilic

A

Phosphate

42
Q

Phosphate is _____

A

hydrophilic

43
Q

Hey cell membrane is also called

A

Phospholipid bilayer

44
Q

Marker proteins

A

Like a name tag for the cell

45
Q

Like a name tag for the cell

A

Marker proteins

46
Q

Receptor proteins

A

A messenger molecule binds to one side of the membrane proteins and the message is sent to the other side of the membrane but the messenger molecule is not

47
Q

A messenger molecule binds to one side of the membrane proteins and the message is sent to the other side of the membrane but the messenger molecule is not

A

receptor proteins

48
Q

Channel proteins

A

These proteins reach through the membrane to both sides it allows specific molecules to pass from one side of the membrane to the other

49
Q

These proteins reach through the membrane to both sides it allows specific molecules to pass from one side of the membrane to the other

A

Channel proteins

50
Q

Transport proteins

A

Proteins that physically move molecules across the membrane. There are a variety of types

51
Q

Proteins that physically move molecules across the membrane. There are a variety of types

A

transport proteins

52
Q

Passive transport

A

Does not require cellular energy

53
Q

Does not require cellular energy

A

Passive transport

54
Q

Active transport

A

Does require ATP

55
Q

Does require ATP

A

Active transport

56
Q

diffusion

Passive or active

A

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Passive

57
Q

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

A

diffusion

58
Q

_______ molecules cannot diffuse

A

Large

59
Q

osmosis

Passive or active

A

A special name for the diffusion of water across a semi permeable membrane

Passive

60
Q

A special name for the diffusion of water across a semi permeable membrane

A

Osmosis

61
Q

Hypertonic

A

Higher concentration of solute in solution than cell

H2O comes out of cell

62
Q

Higher concentration of solute in solution than cell

H2O comes out of cell

A

Hypertonic

63
Q

hypotonic

A

Lower concentration of solute compared to the cell

More h2O outside the cell than inside

H20 comes into the cell

Cell swells/ bursts

64
Q

Lower concentration of solute compared to the cell

More h2O outside the cell than inside

H20 comes into the cell

H20 comes into the cell

Cell swells/ bursts

A

Hypotonic

65
Q

isotonic

A

Same concentration solute as cell

In and out of cell

66
Q

Same concentration solute as cell

In and out of cell

A

Isotonic

67
Q

Facilitated diffusion

Passive or active?

A

Requires no energy uses a chemical protein to fast pass certain molecules

Passive

68
Q

Requires no energy uses a chemical protein to fast pass certain molecules

Passive

A

Facilitated diffusion

69
Q

Endocytosis

Passive or active

A

When the cell membrane wraps around a substance creating a vacuum and taking that substance into the cell

Active

70
Q

When the cell membrane wraps around a substance creating a vacuum and taking that substance into the cell

A

Endocytosis

71
Q

Phagocytosis

A

Pulling in large particles

72
Q

Pulling in large particles

A

Phagocytosis

73
Q

Pinocytosis

A

Pulling in small particles

74
Q

Pulling in small particles

A

Pinocytosis

75
Q

Exocytosis

Passive or active

A

This is one a vacuole of waste is fused with the cell membrane spitting the waste out of the cell this is the exact opposite of endocytosis

Active

76
Q

This is one a vacuole of waste is fused with the cell membrane spitting the waste out of the cell this is the exact opposite of endocytosis

A

Exocytosis

77
Q

Membrane proteins

Active or passive

A

they can move large molecules across the membrane or move molecules from low to high concentration

Active

78
Q

they can move large molecules across the membrane or move molecules from low to high concentration

A

membrane proteins

79
Q

A cell containing 98% water and it’s cytoplasm is placed in a 2% salt solution it should

A

Neither lose nor gain water

80
Q

Which organelles are most closely associated with the process of aerobic respiration

A

Mitochondria

81
Q

Centriols are normally present in the

A

Cytoplasm of animal cells

82
Q

The ribosomes of plant cells are sites for the synthesis of

A

Enzymes

83
Q

Which organelle contains hereditary factors and controls most cell activities

A

Nucleus

84
Q

Centrioles are cell structures involved primarily in

A

Cell division

85
Q

Most cellular respiration in plants takes place in organelles known as

A

mitochondria

86
Q

Ribosome is an organelle that functions in the process of

A

Protein synthesis

87
Q

Most of the reactions of aerobic cellular respiration occur within the organelle known as the

A

Mitochondrion

88
Q

Which cytoplasmic organelles contain hereditary material and can undergo replication

A

Mitochondria and chloroplasts

89
Q

If the external environment of a living cell has a greater concentration of salt than the cytoplasm within the cell, the cell will tend to

A

lose water

90
Q

The net flow of materials through the membrane of a cell against a concentration gradient is known as

A

Active transport

91
Q

Which process would include a net movement of sugar molecules through a membrane from a region of lower concentration to Region of higher concentration

A

Active transport

92
Q

Red blood cells contain a higher concentration of potassium than the surrounding blood plasma does. The higher concentration is maintained by the process of

A

Active transport

93
Q

What happens when you add salt solution to the slide

A

shrinks

Living Evironment (10 decks)

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