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Living Evironment > Cell Biochemistry And Structure > Flashcards

Cell Biochemistry And Structure Flashcards

1
Q

What does pH stand for?

A

Percent hydrogen

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2
Q

Percent hydrogen

A

pH

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3
Q

What is the pH scale used for?

A

Describe whether a solution is acidic or basic

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4
Q

Describe whether a solution is acidic or basic

A

pH scale

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5
Q

Numbers that represent something acidic

A

0-6.9

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6
Q

0-6.9

A

Acidic

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7
Q

Numbers that represent something basic

A

7.1- 14

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8
Q

7.1- 14

A

Basic

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9
Q

Numbers that represent something neutral

A

7

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10
Q

7

A

Neutral

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11
Q

Atom

A

Basic unit of matter

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12
Q

Basic unit of matter

A

Atom

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13
Q

What are atoms composed of

A

Nucleus, protons, neutrons, electrons

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14
Q

Nucleus, protons, neutrons, electrons

A

Atom

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15
Q

Protons

A

Positive charge

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16
Q

Positive charge

A

Proton

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17
Q

Neutron

A

No charge

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18
Q

No charge

A

Neutron

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19
Q

Electron

A

Negative charge

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20
Q

Negative charge

A

Electrons

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21
Q

Element

A

The basic form of any pure material

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22
Q

The basic form of any pure material

A

Element

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23
Q

Compound

A

A combination of two or more elements

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24
Q

A combination of two or more elements

A

Compound

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25
Q

Monomer

A

Single subunit (can be combined to make larger molecules) BUILDING BLOCKS

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26
Q

Single subunit (can be combined to make larger molecules) BUILDING BLOCKS

A

Monomer

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27
Q

Polymer

A

A long chain of many monomers BUILDING BLOCKS

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28
Q

A long chain of many monomers BUILDING BLOCKS

A

Polymer

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29
Q

Macronutrients

A

Elements required in large amounts by all organisms

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30
Q

Elements required in large amounts by all organisms

A

Macronutrients

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31
Q

CHNOPS

A

Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur

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32
Q

Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur

A

CHNOPS

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33
Q

Micronutrients

A

Elements needed in small quantities (vitamins/nutrients)

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34
Q

Elements needed in small quantities (vitamins/nutrients)

A

Micronutrients

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35
Q

Organic compound

A

Compound made by a living organism

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36
Q

Compound made by a living organism

A

Organic compound

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37
Q

What do organic compounds always contain?

A

Carbon and hydrogen

Often oxygen

38
Q

Four major organic compounds

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

39
Q

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

A

Four major organic compounds

40
Q

Monomer/subunit for carbohydrates

A

Monosaccharides

41
Q

Monosaccharides

A

Monomer/subunit for carbohydrates

42
Q

Monomer/subunit for lipids

A

Glycerol and fatty acids

43
Q

Glycerol and fatty acids

A

Monomer/subunit for lipids

44
Q

Monomer/subunit for proteins

A

Amino acids

45
Q

Amino acids

A

Monomer/subunit for proteins

46
Q

Monomer/subunit for nucleic acids

A

Nucleotides

47
Q

Nucleotides

A

Monomer/subunit for nucleic acids

48
Q

Proteins elements

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur

CHNOS

49
Q

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur

CHNOS

A

Proteins

50
Q

Protein example

A

Enzymes

51
Q

Enzymes are

A

Proteins

52
Q

Protein functions

A

Structure, cell communication, control chemical reaction rates, fight diseases

53
Q

Structure, cell communication, control chemical reaction rates, fight diseases

A

Protein functions

54
Q

Carbohydrates monomer

A

Monosaccharides

55
Q

Monosaccharides

A

Carbohydrates monomer

56
Q

Protein monomer

A

Amino acids

57
Q

Amino acids

A

Protein monomer

58
Q

Elements in carbohydrates and ratio

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen (1:2:1)

CHO

59
Q

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen (1:2:1)

A

Elements in carbohydrates and ratio

60
Q

Example of carbohydrates

A

Glucose and starch

61
Q

Glucose and starch

A

Example of carbohydrates

62
Q

Carbohydrates function

A

Energy, plant cell walls, animal starch

63
Q

Energy, plant cell walls, animal starch

A

Carbohydrates function

64
Q

Lipids monomer

A

Fatty acids and glycerol

65
Q

Fatty acids and glycerol

A

Lipids monomer

66
Q

Elements of lipids

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

CHO

67
Q

Lipids in water

A

Insoluble (not able to be dissolved)

68
Q

Insoluble (not able to be dissolved)

A

Lipids in water

69
Q

Lipids example

A

Fats, oils, waxes, steroids

70
Q

Fats, oils, waxes, steroids

A

Lipids example

71
Q

Lipids function

A

Stored energy, regulation of reproductive system

72
Q

Stored energy, regulation of reproductive system

A

Lipids function

73
Q

Nucleic acid elements

A

CHNOP

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus

74
Q

CHNOP

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus

A

Nucleic acid elements

75
Q

Lipids that store energy

A

Fats

76
Q

Fats

A

Lipids that store energy

77
Q

Nucleic acid examples

A

DNA and RNA

78
Q

DNA and RNA

A

Nucleic acid examples

79
Q

Function of nucleic acids

A

Store genetic information (traits, protein synthesis, enzymes)

80
Q

Store genetic information (traits, protein synthesis, enzymes)

A

Function of nucleic acids

81
Q

What do enzymes do

A

Speed up chemical reactions

82
Q

Speed up chemical reactions

A

Enzymes

83
Q

Substrate

A

The reactant an enzyme works on

84
Q

The reactant an enzyme works on

A

Substrate

85
Q

Product

A

A molecule that is created by the enzyme (can join or split)

86
Q

A molecule that is created by the enzyme (can join or split)

A

Product

87
Q

Cellular respiration

A

Conversion of chemical energy into usable energy (ATP)

88
Q

Conversion of chemical energy into usable energy (ATP)

A

Cellular respiration

89
Q

In order to survive, all organisms must carry out

A

Enzyme controlled reactions

90
Q

Enzymes are a

A

Protein

Living Evironment (10 decks)

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