DNA

Question 1

What are chromosomes

Answer 1

Consist of DNA that is tightly coiled and packages up with proteins

Question 2

What do dna strands look like

Answer 2

2 strands that are joined together by pairs of bases . It then twists to form this helix shaps

Question 3

What dies a nucleotide consist of

Answer 3

Alternating sugars and phosphate sections

Question 4

What are the 4 bases

Answer 4

A - adenine T - thymine and G - guanine C - cytosine

Question 5

What does DNA stabd for

Answer 5

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 6

What are hydrogen bonds

Answer 6

What joins together the bases in DNA

Question 7

What are the 3 bases that cade for a particular amino acid called

Answer 7

Codon

Question 8

How do the bases code for a particular protein

Answer 8

Each codon specifies in a particular amino acid. A group of codon creates a chain of amino acids and then codes for a particular protein

Question 9

What equipment is needed to extract DNA

Answer 9

1. Chilled ethanol
2. Detergent ( mixed with salt and water )
3. cheese cloth
4. Funnel
5. Plastic bag
6. Test tubes

Question 10

What is the detergent used to make and what does it do

Answer 10

Its used to make an extraction buffer and it breaks open the cell, by dissolving the cell membrane releasing the DNA

Question 11

What does ethanol do in extracting DNA

Answer 11

Ethanol causes the DNA to precipitate out, as the DNA is insoluble in ethanol, so this allows it to emerge from the liquid solution

Question 12

What are the 4 steps involved in extracting DNA from strawberries

Answer 12

1. The strawberries are gently crushed in a plastic bag
2. The extraction liquid ( a mixture of salt, water and dishwasher soap) is added to The bag and continually mixed for 1 minute
3. The mixture is then fiktered unti a test tube, by pouring it unti a funnek lined with a cheese cloth
4. The chilled ethanol is then poured carefully into the filtered liquid yo ensure it does nit mix. The dna will appear as a layer on the top of the liquid