DNA 1 Flashcards
What is the structure of DNA like?
like a ladder
what are the sides of the ladder made up of
alternating phosphate and sugar molecules
what are the steps of the ladder formed by
base pairs
4 different bases in DNA
Adenine
thymine
cytosine
guanine
what does adenine pair with
Thymine
what does cytosine pair with/
guanine
what is DNA a type of
nucleic acid
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
where is DNA located
inside the nucleus of a cell
how many strands does DNA have?
2
where is DNA also found
the mitochondria and the chloroplasts have one loop of DNA each
unit of DNA
nucleotide
3 components which make up each nucleotide
Phosphate
Sugar
base
p
phosphate
what is the sugar in DNA
deoxyribose
how many carbons in deoxyribose
5
what type of biomolecule is ribose
carbohydrate
what type of bases are ATC and G
nitrogenous bases
2 purine bases
Adenine and Guanine
2 pyrimidine bases
cytosine and thymine
what is significant about purines
they are single ringed molecules
what is significant about pyrimidines
they are double ringed molecules
Polynucleotide
many nucleotides joined together
where is the bond between nucleotides located?
between the phosphate of one nucleotide and the sugar of the next
each base pair has
1 purine and 1 pyrimidine
what are the forces holding the bases together called?
hydrogen bonds
A and T form how many hydrogen bonds
2 hydrogen bonds
C and G form how many hydrogen bonds
3 hydrogen bonds
who discovered the shape and structure of DNA
Watson and Crick
what year did W and C discover the shape and structure of DNA
1953
