Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

The building blocks of life > Diversity of Eukaryotes > Flashcards

Diversity of Eukaryotes Flashcards

1
Q

Evidence for the common origin of all cells

A

Hypothesis A: autogenic origin of all organelles by step-wise mutations

Hypothesis B: FECA is the result of an endosymbiosis event and further organelles were acquired by endocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Brown algae is plants (T or F)

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Molecular sequence data and metagenomics as basis for modern classification (T or F)

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Slime moulds (Mycetozoa) and Oomycota are not fungi

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Examples of Ciliates

A

Paramecium, Stentor, Vorticella, and TETRAHYMENA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Examples of flagellates

A

Trypanosoma, Volvox, Chlamydomonas, and Euglena

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

conceptual differences between LUCA, FECA and LECA

A

LUCA: last universal common ancestor

FECA: first eukaryotic common ancestor

LECA: last eukaryotic common ancestor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Messenger RNA is being translated into protein in the nucleus (T OR F)

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the equivalent to our digestive system at the cellular level?

A

Endomembrane system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which eukaryotic organelles are related to each other?

A

Flagellum, Basal Bodies, and centrioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

which cellular function directly involves the Golgi complex?

A

Protein Trafficking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which protein is the subunits of microfilaments are composed of?

A

Actin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the typical microtubule pattern of a basal body?

A

9x3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is not a function of the ER?

A

protein sulfation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which pH do you not expect to find out inside lysosomes?

A

5.0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which organelles does the cis-side of the Golgi communication system the via vesicle trafficking?

A

endoplasmic reticulum

17
Q

What provides the energy for nuclear uptake of proteins?

A

a RanGTP gradient

18
Q

How are vesicle contents (cargo) packed into specific vesicles in the cell?

A

Vesicles form at sites of cargo productions outside of the nucleus. Gene transcription takes place inside the nucleus. Cargo molecules are recognised by specific receptors and packed into vesicles. The vesicles form around packed cargo. The cytoskeleton transports those vesicles, but does not play any role in cargo selection.

19
Q

in which export pathway from the Golgi apparatus are products stored before release?

A

regulated secretion pathway

20
Q

what is the term for uptake of fluids by cells?

A

pinocytosis

21
Q

What is the reason that the inner membrane of mitochondria is folded into cristae?

A

The folding of the inner mitochondria membrane into cristae allows the surface area for electron transport systems and hydrogen ion pumps to be maximised

22
Q

What are the functions of the cytoskeleton?

A
  1. to provide the cell with stability
  2. to support internal membrane-bound organelles
  3. to transport vesicles around the cell
  4. to support cell movements
  5. to signal between cells
23
Q

First, the gene sequence is being read from the blank 1 and transcribed into blank 2. Next, the blank 3 is being exported from the blank 4 and blank 5 are being translated from the blank 6 at the blank 7

A

Blank 1 - DNA
Blank 2 - mRNA
Blank 3 - mRNA
Blank 4 - nucleus
Blank 5 - polypeptides
Blank 6 - mRNA
Blank 7 - ribosome

24
Q

What is the function of peroxisomes?

A

oxygen reduction

25
Q

In which cellular organelle(s) does gene transcription take place?

A

Nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts

26
Q

What cytoskeleton elements has the largest diameter?

A

tubulin

27
Q

What is not a typical for eukaryotic cells?

A

sex pili

28
Q

What is the purpose of the mitochondrial electron tram chain

A

creating a proton gradient which can be used to generate ATP

29
Q

Why is the endoplasmic reticulum a network of membrane tubules and cisterns?

A

The ER is a network to reach all parts of the cell in order to keep transport pathways short. Transport is energy intensive. A large surface also increases the number of ribosomes that can be bound and participate in protein synthesis

30
Q

What cellular function occurs in the nucleolus?

A

transcription of rRNA genes

31
Q

why does the endoplasmic reticulum not correspond dirac with the outside of the cell?

A

because of the presence of the “Golgi lock”

32
Q

which reaction takes place in hydrogenosomes

A

anaerobic production of ATP from pryuvate

33
Q

The Golgi stacks have a specific orientation? T or F

A

True

34
Q

Which process is common between mitochondria and chloroplasts?

A

The use of oxygen and NAD(P) differs between mitochondria and chloroplasts, but both are creating and storing a proton gradient to create energy equivalents

35
Q

The DNA coding sequence is transcribed into RNA in the nucleus. T or F

A

True

36
Q

The eukaryotic cell possess specific transport mechanisms for proteins and RNAs. But how is DNA transported ?

A

nobody really knows

The building blocks of life (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions