Diuretics (Drugs)

Question 1

What is the function of loop diuretics?

Answer 1

Blocks NKCC2 in the TAL of the loop of Henle. This reduces Na⁺ reabsorption.

Question 2

What are some examples of loop diuretics?

Answer 2

1. Furosemide
2. Bumetanide

Question 3

What is the function of thiazide diuretics?

Answer 3

Inhibits Na⁺-Cl^- co-transport system in the TAL of the loop of Henle and the DCT.

Question 4

What are some examples of thiazide diuretics?

Answer 4

1. Hydrochlorothiazide
2. Bendroflumethiazide

Question 5

What are the potassium-sparing diuretics?

Answer 5

1. Amiloride
2. Triamterene
3. Spironolactone

Question 6

What is the function of amiloride/triamterene?

Answer 6

Blocks ENaC channels on the apical membranes of renal tubule epithelial cells. This reduces Na⁺ reabsorption but has little effect on K⁺ reabsorption.

Question 7

What are examples of CA inhibitors?

Answer 7

Acetazolamide

Question 8

What is the function of spironolactone?

Answer 8

Inhibits action of aldosterone.

Question 9

What is the function of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?

Answer 9

Reduces production of H⁺ and thus reduces Na⁺ reabsorption through NHE3.

Question 10

How can gout caused by diuretics be treated?

Answer 10

Probenecid (competes with uric acid for absorption in PCT and thus reduces absorption)