Clot lysis (Drugs)

Question 1

What are the fibrinolytic drugs?

Answer 1

1. Streptokinase
2. Anistreplase
3. Alteplase
4. Duteplase

Question 2

What is the function of streptokinase?

Answer 2

Activates plasminogen activator and causes generation of plasmin. Plasmin degrades fibrin in clots.

Question 3

What is the function of anistreplase?

Answer 3

Combination of plasminogen and anisoylated streptokinase. Causes generation of plasmin which breaks down fibrin in clots.

Question 4

What is the function of alteplase/duteplase?

Answer 4

Promotes lysis of plasminogen to plasmin, which breaks down fibrin in clots.

Question 5

What are the platelet function inhibitors?

Answer 5

1. Clopidogrel
2. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors

Question 6

What is the function of clopidogrel?

Answer 6

Inhibits platelet aggregation by inhibiting ADP binding to platelets.

Question 7

What are the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists?

Answer 7

Eptifibatide: Cyclic heptapeptide inhibitor

Tirofiban: Non-peptide inhibitor

Abciximab: Monoclonal antibody

Question 8

What are the anticoagulants?

Answer 8

1. Heparin
2. Warfarin
3. Dabigatran
4. Rivaroxiban

Question 9

What is the function of IIb/IIIa inhibitors?

Answer 9

Antagonises IIb/IIIa inhibitors which are important in the formation of fibrinogen bridges between platelets.

Question 10

What is the function of heparin?

Answer 10

Binds to and activates antithrombin III, causing inactivation of crucial clotting factor thrombin.

Question 11

What is the function of warfarin?

Answer 11

Inhibits clotting factors II, VII, IX and X.

Question 12

What is the function of dabigatran?

Answer 12

Thrombin inhibitor.

Question 13

What is the function of rivaroxaban?

Answer 13

Clotting factor Xa inhibitor.

Question 14

How can excess bleeding from antithrombotic drugs be treated?

Answer 14

1. Aminocaproic acid (plasminogen inhibitor)
2. Tranexamic acid