Diuretics

Question 1

Furosemide

Answer 1

Class: Loop diuretic
MOA: inhibits Na/K/Cl symporter in ascending loop of henle
Use: acute relief of severe edema, can be used chronically with caution, monitoring: HF

Question 2

Hydrochlorothiazide

Answer 2

Class: thiazides
MOA: inhibits Na/Cl symporter in early distal tubule
Use: chronic diuretic therapy; HF

Question 3

Spironolactone

Answer 3

Class: Potassium sparing
MOA: aldosterone antagonist
Use: HF where elevated aldosterone is a problem; in combination with a K depleting diuretic to combat hypokalemia

Question 4

Mannitol

Answer 4

Class: Osmotic
MOA: mannitol is freely filtered in glomerulus and osmotically prevents water from being reabsorbed in the proximal tubule
Use: IV only; emergency use