Dissection 5 Flashcards
what separates the medial and lateral femoral condyles?
intercondylar fossa
what attaches in the intercondylar fossa?
ACL and PCL
where are the femoral epicondyles?
above the femoral condyles
where do the collateral ligaments attach?
medial and lateral femoral epicondyles
where does the patella sit?
anterior groove of the femur
what is actually articulating at the knee joint?
medial/lateral femoral and tibial condyles
what is the space between the medial and lateral tibial condyles?
intercondylar region
what attaches in the intercondylar region?
ACL
PCL
minisci
what is the tibial articular surface called?
tibial plateau
what are menisci?
crescent shaped fibrocartilage which sit either side of the intercondylar eminence
what do the menisci do?
act as shock absorbers
what connects the medial and lateral menisci?
transverse ligament
what are the 3 ligaments of the knee?
collaterals
cruciates
patellar
what do the medial and lateral cruciate ligaments do?
reinforce the knee either side
where does the medial collateral ligament attach and insert?
attaches at medial epicondyle of femur
inserts at the tibia - above insertion of the sartorius, gracilis and semitendinus)
where does the lateral collateral ligament attach and insert?
attaches at lateral femoral epicondyle
inserts at lateral head of fibula
where are the cruciate ligaments found?
cross over in intercondylar fossa
where does the PCL attach and insert?
attaches at medial femoral condyle (lateral surface)
inserts at posterior intercondylar region
almost vertical
where does the ACL attach and insert?
attaches at lateral femoral condyle (medial surface)
inserts at anterior intercondylar region
what do the ACL and PCL do?
ACL prevents anterior movement of tibia
PCL prevents posterior movement of tibia
what is the patella ligament?
continuous with quadriceps tendon
where does the patella ligament attach and insert?
attaches at patella
inserts at tibial tuberosity
what are the 2 layers of the knee joint capsule?
synovial
fibrous
synovial lines fibrous
what 3 structures contribute to the fibrous capsule?
patella ligament
medial and lateral collaterals
quadriceps tendon
where does the fibular bursur sit?
beneath the lateral collateral
what forms bursae?
folds of synovial capsule
where does the subcutaneous infrapatellar bursa sit?
superficial fascia, inferior to the patella and superficial to the patellar ligament.
where does the prepatellar bursa sit?
superficial to patella
where does the suprapatellar bursa sit?
between quadriceps tendon and femur
above patella
are cruciates inside the joint cavity?
no
where is the infrapatellar fat pad?
beneath patella, underneath patellar tendon
external to synovial membrane
what nerve supplies the anterior muscles of the leg?
deep branch of the common fibular branch of the sciatic nerve
what are the 4 muscles of the anterior leg?
tibialis anterior
extensor hallicus longus
extensor digitorum longus
fibularis tertius
what are the 3 actions of the anterior leg muscles?
dorsiflexion
extend the toes
invert the foot
where does the tibialis anterior attach and insert?
attaches at lateral tibia and interosseous membrane
inserts at medial cuneiform and 1st metatarsal
where is the tibialis anterior?
most medial and superficial
where does the extensor hallicus longus attach and insert?
attaches at the interosseous membrane
inserts at the distal and medial phalange of big toe
where is the extensor hallicus longus?
between tibialis anterior and digitorum longus
goes down leg and crosses medially over the foot
where does the extensor digitorum longus attach and insert?
attaches at medial proximal fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
splits into 4 tendons which attach at the 4 phalanges
where is the digitorum longus?
bigger than and more superficial to hallicus longus
where does the fibularis tertius attach and insert?
attaches at medial surface of fibula
inserts at base of 5th metatarsal
can join with digitorum longus
what holds the extensor muscles in place?
extensor retinaculum
what are the 2 lateral muscles of the leg?
fibularis longus
fibualris brevis
where does the fibularis longus attach and insert?
lateral fibula head
inserts at distal medial cuneiforma and 1st metatarsal
where is the fibularis longus?
goes behind lateral malleolus and under the foot
where does the fibularis brevis attach and insert?
attaches at lower fibula shaft
inserts at base of 5th metatarsal
where is the fibularis brevis?
deep to fibularis longus
tendon winds around the lateral malleolus
what do the lateral leg muscles do?
evert the foot
partly dorsiflex
