Disorders of cranial nerves Flashcards
Clinical tests used to assess CN II (think examination) (5)
Visual acuity – Snellen test Visual field test Pupillary reflex Fundoscopy Colour vision test
Clinical test used to assess CN III, IV, VI
Eye movements - follow finger as it makes a H shape
What are we looking for when testing CN III, IV, VI (4)
Evidence of ptosis
Evidence of anisocoria (unequal pupils)
Pupillary reactions
Diplopia
Clinical tests used to assess CN V (4)
Sensation (light and heavy touch) in the ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular areas
Power of the muscles of mastication (masseter and pterygoids)
Corneal reflex
Jaw jerk reflex
Clinical tests used to assess CN VII (3)
Movements of the muscles of facial expression
- Raise eyebrows/wrinkle forehead
- Squeeze eyes
- Smile with teeth
- Puff cheeks
Corneal reflex
Taste
Clinical tests used to assess CN VIII (5)
Hearing tests
- Whisper test
- Rinne’s test
- Weber’s test
Balance
- Dix-hallpike maoeuvre
- Untenberger’s test
Clinical tests used to assess CN IX & X (4)
Movement of the palate – symmetrical/asymmetrical
Gag reflex
Quality of speech – if poor, indicates weakness at back of palate
Quality of cough
Clinical tests used to assess CN XI (2)
Head turning - SCM
Shoulder shrugging - trapezius
Clinical tests used to assess CN XII (2)
Appearance of tongue - fasciculations, wasting
Movement and power of tongue
What cranial nerve is the afferent and efferent of the pupillary light reflex
Afferent - CN II
Efferent - CN III
What cranial nerve is the afferent and efferent of the corneal reflex
Afferent – CN V
Efferent – CN VII
What cranial nerve is the afferent and efferent of the jaw jerk reflex
Afferent & efferent - CN V
What cranial nerve is the afferent and efferent of the gag reflex
Afferent – IX
Efferent - X
Where is the nuclei of CN III & IV
Midbrain
Where is the nuclei of CN V, VI & VII
Pons
Where is the nuclei of CN VIII
Pontomedullary junction
Where is the nuclei of CN IX, X, XI & XII
Medulla
