Anatomy wk 2 Flashcards
Name the 4 parts of the corpus callosum
Rostrum
Genu
Body
Splenium
What thin sheet of tissue separates the anterior horn of the lateral ventricles in the mid-saggital plane
Septum pellucidum
What is the septum pellucidum continuous superiorly/inferiorly with
Superiorly - Corpus callosum
Inferiorly - fornix
What does the fornix do
Link the hippocampus with the maxillary bodies
What bulbous projection is on the floor of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle
Caudate nucleus
What sulcus separates the hypothalamus and the thalamus
Hypothalamic sulcus
List some functions of the hypothalamus
Links CNS to endocrine system
Produces and secretes neurohormones
Maintains circadian rhythm (sleep-wake cycle)
Maintains overall homeostasis
What hangs down from the hypothalamus
Pituitary stalk (infundibulum) connecting to pituitary gland
Dural fold covering pituitary stalk
Diaphragma sellae
What 4 tiny structures is the pineal gland superior to
Superior and inferior colliculi
Name the 4 components of the basal ganglia (1 is anatomically not related to the rest)
Caudate nucleus
Globus pallidus
Putamen
Substantia nigra
What type of fibres make up the internal capsule + what is the role of these fibres
Projection fibres
Connect the cerebral hemispheres with other parts of the brain
Name the regions of the internal capsule (3)
Anterior limb
Genu
Posterior limb
What artery supplies the internal capsule
MCA
Where is the red nucleus in relation to the substantia nigra of the midbrain
Posterior to substantia nigra
What type of fibres (2) do the cerebral peduncles contain
Sensory + motor
What type of fibres do the middle cerebellar peduncles contain
Sensory only
Lentiform nucleus consists of (2)
putamen + globus pallidus
Internal capsule consists of white or grey matter
white
Internal capsule located between what areas of grey matter
caudate nucleus + thalamus medially and lentiform nucleus laterally
What type of fibre makes up the pyramid/olive of the medulla
motor
2nd order neurons of the dorsal column cross over at the medulla and travel up the pons and rest of brainstem as what tract
medial lemniscus
Significant grey matter elevation of the medulla
olivary nuclei
Significant grey matter features in the midbrain
substantia nigra
red nucleus
Significant nuclei of the pons
pontine nuclei - involved in motor activity
Spinal cord ends at what level
L2 in adults
How to tell it’a a cervical section of spinal cord - consider white/grey matter size + which horn (anterior/lateral/posterior) of the grey matter is biggest
Large area of white matter
Very little grey matter in centre compared to white
most grey matter in ventral horn
How to tell it’a a thoracic section of spinal cord - consider white/grey matter size
White matter bigger than grey (like cervical but overall size is smaller than cervical)
t
How to tell it’a a lumbar section of spinal cord - consider white/grey matter size + which horn (anterior/lateral/posterior) of the grey matter is biggest
More grey matter than white
Very large ventral/anterior horn of grey matter
Which aspect of the spinal cord receives sensory fibres
dorsal
Which aspect of the spinal cord do motor fibres project down
ventral
Why does the size of the ventral grey horn vary along the spinal cord (noticeably in cervical and lumbar regions)
due to brachial and lumbar plexus
Opening in the base of skull of CN I
Cribriform plate formane
Opening in the base of skull of CN II
Optic canal
Opening in the base of skull of CN III
Superior orbital fissure
Opening in the base of skull of CN IV
Superior orbital fissure
Opening in the base of skull of -CN V1
- CN V2
- CN V3
Superior orbital fissure
Foramen rotundum
Foramen vale
Opening in the base of skull of CN VI
Superior orbital fissure
Opening in the base of skull of CN VII
Internal acoustic meatus –> facial canal
Opening in the base of skull of CN VIII
Internal acoustic meatus
Opening in the base of skull of CN IX
Jugular foramen
Opening in the base of skull of CN X
Jugular formamen
Opening in the base of skull of CN XI
Jugular foramen
Opening in the base of skull of CN XII
Hypoglossal canal
Which CNs have parasympathetic fibres (4)
III, VII, XI, X
Which CNs are directly attached to brain (2)
I, II
Which CNs are directly attached to midbrain (2)
III, IV
Which CN is the only one to arise form posterior aspect of brain
CN IV
Which CN is directly attached to the pons
CN V
Which CNs emerge from the pontomedullary junction (3)
VI, VII, VIII
Which CNs emerge from medulla (4)
IX, X, XI, XII
