Diseases of the esophagus Flashcards
What are the diseases of the esophagus
Megaesophagus
Esophagitis
Gastroesophageal refulx disease
Foreign body obstruction
What causes Megaesophagus?
Persistent right aortic arch
Mysasthenia gravis
What is a common cause of Esophagitis?
Gastroesophageal reflux
What are other causes of esophagitis?
Alkalis Acids Drugs Hot materials Physcial trauma
What are the clinical signs of esophagitis?
Anorexia
Dysphagia
Ptylasim
Regurgitation
What is Dysphagia?
Difficulty swallowing
Do you induce vomiting if irritants such as bleach, acids or solvents were ingested?
No
How do you treat esophagitis if irritants were ingested?
Administer neutralizing compounds
Wash animal if material in the hair coat
Withhold food and water for several days
What are examples of neutralizing compounds?
Activated charcoal
Sodium bicarbonate
How is severe esophagitis treated?
Gastrotomy tube
What medications are used to treat esophagitis?
Sucralfate (gastroprotectants)
Corticosteroids (Anti-inflammatories)
Antibiotics to prevent secondary bacterial infections
How do you treat Gastroesophageal reflux
Lifestyle dietary changes
Medications
What lifestyle/dietary changes treat Gastroesophageal reflux
Weight loss
High protein, low-fat diet to normalize gastric emptying
What medications are used to treat Gastroesophageal reflux?
Gastroprotectants
Histamine 2 receptor blockers
Proton pump inhibitors
Metaclopramide
What is an example of a gastroprotectant?
Sucralfate
What are examples Histamine 2 receptor blockers
Cimetidine
Ranitidine
What is an example of a proton pump inhibitor?
Omeprazole
How does metaclopramide treat gastroesophageal reflux?
It increases lower esophageal pressure and esophageal motility
What can cause esophagitis in cats?
Oral medications with a high acidity that stay in the esophagus for prolonged times
What are examples of medications that can cause esophagitis in cats?
Doxycycline and clindamycin
What are the common sites for esophageal obstruction?
Thoracic inlet
Heart base
Lower esophageal sphincter
What is imperative in the treatment for esophageal obstructions?
Prompt removal