DIS - Optic Nerve V - Week 10 Flashcards
List three types of optic neuritis based on the involvement of optic nerve fibres.
Retrobulbar neuritis
Papillitis
Neuroretinitis
Is optic neuritis generally uni- or bilateral?
Unilateral
How does optic neuritis affect vision? What about colour vision and visual fields? How does it affect brightness?
Acute vision loss
Visual field loss
Abnormal colour vision
Abnormal brightness and colour comparison
How long do symptoms worsen for with optic neuritis and when do they peak? Is full recovery expected?
Symptoms worsen for 7-10 days, peaking within 1-2 weeks
May not fully recover
List 6 possible causes of optic neuritis.
Infections
Multiple sclerosis
Tumours
Drug/chemical exposure
Post-vaccination
Idiopathic
List four infections that can cause optic neuritis.
Meningitis
Syphilis
Viruses
Herpes zoster
Does optic neuritis affect more men or women?
Women twice as often as men
What is the typical age of patients with optic neuritis (range)?
20-45
What is the most common type of optic neuritis?
Retrobulbar
Retrobulbar neuritis is the inflammation of what?
Between the back of the eye and the brain
What four things should you check if you suspect retrobular neuritis?
RAPD
Pain, especially on eye movement
Acute vision loss
Brightness and colour comparison
List an obvious ophthalmic sign of retrobulbar neuritis.
There arent any initially
Is there any disc oedema with retrobulbar neuritis? Explain.
It may become apparent due to axoplasmic stasis
List the four stages of retrobular neuritis progression.
No obvious signs
Mild disc oedema
Loss of RNFL
Optic atrophy
How long until optic atrophy with retrobulbar neuritis?
3-6 months
What is papillitis?
Inflammed area at the optic nerve head
What five things should you check if you supect papillitis?
RAPD
Pain, especially on eye movement
Acute vision loss
Brightness and colour comparison
Disc oedema
What is neuroretinitis (3)?
Inflammed optic nerve head and retina, including the macula
What is neuroretinitis often caused by?
Infective diseases
List 6 diseases that can cause neuroretinitis.
Toxoplasmosis
Cat-scratch disease
Syphilis
Lyme disease
AIDS
Herpes zoster
Is there an association between neuroretinitis and multiple sclerosis?
Not usually
What is visual loss and prognosis like with neuroretinitis?
Can be much more severe with poorer prognosis
-especially if macula is involved
List 8 things to check for if you suspect neuroretinitis.
RAPD
Pain
Acute vision loss
Brightness and colour comparison
Disc oedema
Macula wing/star
Photostress abnormal
Retinal thickening, possibly macular oedema
Is RAPD always present with optic neuritis?
Not always, it may not if neuritis is bilateral or a past event indicating for RAPD