BVP - Clinical Aspects of Amblyopia - Week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Is acuity the only defect in amblyopia and describe acuity testing in this context (2).

A

Acuity defect is not the only defect in amblyopia, but acuity testing is the cornerstone of diagnosis
-its easy to measure
-reliable test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What should be considered when doing an acuity test for amblyopia?

A

Contour interaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What acuity test is the most sensitive to amblyopia? Describe the capacity of each acuity test usable for this purpose (2).

A

LogMAR is the most sensitive to amblyopia
Snellen is not as sensitive and acuity is overestimated by 1-3 lines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does acuity does VEP show at 6 months of age?

A

6/6 by 6 months of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Is it possible to test a child under 2.5 years with a chart? What about 2.5 - 3.5?

A

Under 2.5 - No
2.5 - 3.5 - picture charts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

At what age can a letter chart be used?

A

5.5 - 6 years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is better in amblyopes, single letter acuity or line acuity? Keeping this in mind, what will single letter acuity often tell you and what is advised (2)?

A

Single letter acuity is much better
-will often tell you there is no amblyopia when there is
-beware using a snellen chart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What can be used for acuity testing in 6 month - 3 year old children? What would you expect to see in strabismus? Are teller acuity cards generally used?

A

Fix and follow
Alternation in strabismus
Teller acuity cards generally not used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When should sweep VEP be done (2)?

A

If concerned a child might be blind or have low vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Do kays pictures have high testability?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which has less developmental noise, kays pictures or lea chart?

A

Kays pictures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What preliterate form of acuity testing ha the highest sensitivity to amblyopia?

A

Lea chart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

List four amblyogenic factors. Does one need to be found?

A

You need an amblyogenic factor
-strabismus
-anisometropia
-high bilateral refractive error
-media opacity/ptosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What should you do if you suspect amblyopia in the absence of an amblyogenic factor? What should also be kept in mind concerning amblyopia?

A

Refer to an ophthalmologist
Amblyopia should respond to treatment in children at least to 6/12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

List five prognostic indicators of amblyopia.

A

The cause of amblyopia
The length of time the amblyogenic factor was present
The age of the child at the time of treatment
Eccentric fixation
High refractive error or large anisometropia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the primary purpose of amblyopia treatment?

A

Achieve normal VA and fixation in each eye separately

17
Q

What is the secondary purpose of amblyopia treatment?

A

Achieve normal fusion at all levels and correspondence with both eyes open

18
Q

What spectacles will amblyopia respond best to and what should you remember to do?

A

Responds best to full plus worn full time
-remember to recheck the prescription and the hyperopia has not increased

19
Q

Will amblyopia respond to visual input without occlusion?

A

Partially

20
Q

What is essential for amblyopia before commencing patching?

A

Optimal refractive correction

21
Q

Describe how amblyopia is a diagnosis by exclusion.

A

Records must show that the macula and optic nerve is intact