Directional Terms & Movements Flashcards

1
Q

Superior

A

Structure is closure to the vertex of the cranium.

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2
Q

Cranial

A

Structure is closest to the cranium.

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3
Q

Inferior

A

Structure is nearer the sole of the foot.

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4
Q

Caudal

A

Structure closest to the coccyx.

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5
Q

Posterior

A

Structure closest to the back/spine.

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6
Q

Anterior

A

Structure is closest to the front/sternum.

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7
Q

Rostral

A

Structure closest to the frontal lobe of the brain.

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8
Q

Medial

A

Structure that is closest to the median plane.

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9
Q

Lateral

A

Structure furthest from the median plane.

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10
Q

Dorsum

A

Superior portion of any anterior protruding body part. (I.e top of hand and top of foot)

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11
Q

Palmar

A

Inferior part of any anteriorly protruding body part. (I.e palms and soles)

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12
Q

Proximal

A

Structure closest to the limb attachment site

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13
Q

Distal

A

Structure furthest from the limb attachment site.

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14
Q

Flexion

A

Bending or decreasing an angle from its initial degree (up to 0).

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15
Q

Extension

A

Straightening or increasing an angle from its initial degree. (Up to 180).

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16
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Flexion of the ankle joint. Moving the toes and foot superiorly.

17
Q

Plantarflexion

A

Extension of the ankle joint. Moves the toes and foot inferiorly.

18
Q

Abduction

A

Moving away from the midline/median plane (laterally).

19
Q

Adduction

A

Moving towards the midline/median plane (medially)

20
Q

Lateral flexion

A

Abduction of the trunk and head.

21
Q

Circumduction

A

Circular movement around a joint.

- consists of abduction/abduction ; flexion/extension.

22
Q

Medial rotation

A

Brings the anterior surface towards the longitudinal axis (median plan of structure)

23
Q

Lateral rotation

A

Brings anterior surface away from the longitudinal axis (median plane).

24
Q

Pronation

A
  • Arms: rotates radius medially (palms face posteriorly).

- Foot: lowers median margin of the foot. Combo of eversion and abduction.

25
Supination
- Arms: rotates the radius laterally (palms face anteriorly). - Foot: raises median margin of the foot. Combo of inversion and addiction.
26
Eversion
Foot: Rotates the ankle joint laterally; soles face away from the median plane. *Similar to pronation*
27
Inversion
Foot: Rotates the ankle joint medially; soles face medially toward the median plane.
28
Opposition
Moves the 1st digit (thumb) towards the rest of the digits (usually touches 5th digit (pinky)).
29
Reposition
Moves the 1st digit (thumb) back to its anatomical resting position.
30
Protrusion
Moves a part anteriorly.
31
Retrusion
Moves a part posteriorly.
32
Elevation
Moves a part superiorly.
33
Depression
Moves a part inferiorly.