Direct Vasodilator

Question 1

PDE 5 inhibitors MOA

Answer 1

breaks down cGMP, the more cGMP, the more relaxation

Question 2

PDE 5 inhibitors drugs

Answer 2

Sildenafil, Tadalafil, Vardenafil, Avanafil

Question 3

PDE 5 inhibitor therapeutic effects

Answer 3

benefit in erectile dysfunction, BPH, pulmonary arterial hypertension

Question 4

PDE 3 inhibitor: Milirinone

Answer 4

Inhibit PDE 3, which results in more cAMP, which increases the Force of Contraction

Question 5

PDE 3 Inhibitor Therapeutic Use

Answer 5

short term IV treatment for patients with acute decompensated Heart failure

Question 6

ADR of PDE 3 inhibitor

Answer 6

ventricular arrhythmias (<48 hr), Hepatotoxicity, Thrombocytopenia, headache, HYPOkalemia, tremor

Question 7

Nitrates MOA

Answer 7

Converts to Nitric Oxide, stimulates increase of cGMP to promote smooth muscle relaxation

Question 8

Nitrates therapeutic use

Answer 8

reduces myocardial oxygen demand and angina management

Question 9

Nitrates ADRs

Answer 9

Headache, flushing, rash, dizziness, sweating, general hypotension, methemoglobinemia

Question 10

Don’t combine PDE 5 and Nitrates

Answer 10

too much cGMP will result in too much vasodilation and therefore orthostatic hypotension

Question 11

Nitroglycerin

Answer 11

IV used for Acute CHF, Angina, MI, severe hypertension (SL tab)

Question 12

Isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN)

Answer 12

PO tab for angina

Question 13

Isosorbide mononitrate

Answer 13

PO tab for angina

Question 14

Minoxidil MOA

Answer 14

Direct potent vasodilator of arterial smooth muscle

Question 15

Minoxidil Therapeutic Uses

Answer 15

treat for severe drug resistant hypertension

Question 16

Minoxidil ADRs

Answer 16

hypotension, hypertrichosis, sinus tachycardia, angina, headache, peripheral edema, fluid retention

Question 17

Hydralazine MOA

Answer 17

direct, potent vasodilation of arterial smooth muscle, decreased BP

Question 18

Hydralazine Therapeutic Use

Answer 18

Hypertension Emergency

Question 19

Hydralazine ADR

Answer 19

Reflex Tachycardia, hypotension, Fluid Retention

Question 20

Hydralazine and ISDN

Answer 20

BiDil, useful for African American Patients who have heart failure but cannot take ACEI/ARB

Question 21

Minoxidil potency

Answer 21

Most potent, combine with loop diuretic and beta blocker

Question 22

Nitroprusside MOA

Answer 22

Direct potent vasodilator on arterial/venous smooth muscle; liberates NO

Question 23

Nitroprusside Therapeutic Uses

Answer 23

IV only; Hypertensive Emergency, Acute CHF

Question 24

Nitroprusside ADRs

Answer 24

Hypotension; Methemoglobinemia

Question 25

Digoxin MOA

Answer 25

Competitively binds to K site on Na/K channel; increases intracellular Na, which increases intercellular Ca, causes more contractions

Question 26

Digoxin Therapeutic Uses

Answer 26

CHF; rate control in atrial fibrillation; improves LVEF symptoms

Question 27

Digoxin ADRs

Answer 27

“Digitalis Toxicity”, HYPER-Kalemia, AV block, Arrythmias, EKG change, Xanthopsia, Digiband/Digifac