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Microanatomy Exam 3 > Digestive System IV > Flashcards

Digestive System IV Flashcards

1
Q

DNES cells are what?

A

Enteroendocrine cells

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2
Q

DNES cells secrete?

A

Secretin
CCK
Serotonin

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3
Q

Secretin function

A

Decreases intestinal motility

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4
Q

CCK stands for?

A

Cholecystokinin

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5
Q

CCK functions

A
  1. Stimulates enzymatic activaty
  2. Stimulates pancreatic secretion
  3. Increases gut motility
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6
Q

Serotonin function in gut

A

Increase gut motility

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7
Q

Paneth cells found in what species?

A
  1. Ox and other ruminants
  2. Horses
  3. Humans
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8
Q

Paneth cells contain?

A

Eosinophilic granules

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9
Q

Eosinophilic granules in Paneth cells produce?

A

Lysozyme

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10
Q

Lyzosyme is?

A

Bacteriocidal protein

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11
Q

Paneth cells are usually found where?

A

End of a gland

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12
Q

M cells are special cells found where?

A

Over GALT

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13
Q

GALT stands for?

A

Gut associated lymphatic tissue

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14
Q

M cell function

A

Endocytose molecules from gut lumen → antigens travel across them to underlying lymphatic tissue

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15
Q

Will you be able to identify M cells with H&E?

A

No, special techniques required

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16
Q

Duodenum has submucosal glands called?

A

Brunner’s glands

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17
Q

Brunner’s gland secretion

A

Mucus or mixed with serous

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18
Q

Mucosa of LI appearance

A
  1. No villi
  2. No rugae
  3. Thicker mucosa than SI
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19
Q

Tunica muscularis in human, swine and horses contain?

A

Taenia

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20
Q

Taenia

A

Flat bands of longitudinal m. in tunica muscularis

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21
Q

Crypts in mucosa are more extensive in ___ cells

A

Goblet cells

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22
Q

Rugae are only in the?

A

Stomach

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23
Q

Intestinal glands are called?

A

Crypts of Lieberkuhn (Crypts)

24
Q

Crypts are found where?

A

Lamina propria of entire intestine (LI and SI)

25
Q

Crypts are what type of gland?

A

Simple tubular glands

26
Q

Crypts open into?

A

Intervillous space

27
Q

Anal glands are located where?

A

Near rectoanal junction

28
Q

Glands of anal sacs have what type of secretions?

A
  1. Apocrine

2. Sebaceous

29
Q

Glands of circumanal region aka?

A

Perianal glands

30
Q

Perianal glands have what type of secretions?

A

Sebaceous and sweat glands associated with hairs

31
Q

Perianal gland shape

A

Hepatocyte-like “hepatoid glands”

32
Q

Clinical relevance of perianal glands

A

Perianal adenomas → benign tumors which develop in aged male dogs

33
Q

Ducts of perianal glands

34
Q

Anal sacs

A

Large sac like pockets in lining of anal canal

35
Q

Anal sacs open to?

36
Q

Villi are?

A

Conical projections of mucosa

37
Q

Villi are found only in?

A

Small intestine

38
Q

Villi are lined by what type of cells?

A

Columnar absorptive and goblet cells

39
Q

Villi have a core of?

A

Lamina propria

40
Q

Lacteals

A

Center of lamina propria

41
Q

Villi is often collapsed, but what happens after a meal?

A

Is filled with chyle

42
Q

Chyle is?

A

Fat-laden lymph

43
Q

6 parts of avian digestive tract

A
  1. Buccal cavity
  2. Crop
  3. Proventriculus
  4. Ventriculus
  5. SI
  6. Cloaca
44
Q

Buccal cavity

A

Avian mouth (no lips or cheek)

45
Q

Crop aka?

46
Q

Crop is?

A

Esophageal diverticulum in avians

47
Q

Proventriculus aka?

A

True stomach

48
Q

Mucosal (rugosal) glands in proventriculus open to?

49
Q

Ventriculus aka?

A

Muscular stomach or gizzard

50
Q

Epithelium of mucosa of SI

A

Simple columnar with goblet cells

51
Q

Free edges of columnar absorptive cells

A

Bear microvilli

52
Q

2 components of brush border

A
  1. Microvilli

2. Glycocalyx

53
Q

2 enzymes attached to microvilli

A
  1. Disaccharidases

2. Dipeptidases

54
Q

Enterocytes aka?

A

Columnar absorptive cells

55
Q

Goblet cells tend to increase in number toward the?

56
Q

5 cell types in small intestine

A
  1. Columnar absorptive cells (enterocytes)
  2. Goblet cells
  3. DNES (enteroendocrine) cells
  4. Paneth cells
  5. M cells

Microanatomy Exam 3 (10 decks)

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