Digestive system Flashcards
Uses inorganic materials such as water and CO2 to make its own food.
Autotrophs
Eats organic materials such as animals, fruits, vegetables to obtain carbon and energy.
Heterotrophs
Nutrients that are required in large amounts such as water, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, to generate ATP.
Macronutrients
Nutrients that are required in small amounts such as vitamins and minerals. It participates in cell metabolism.
Micronutrients
The digestive tract where there is only one opening for both ingestion and elimination.
Incomplete digestive tract`
The digestive tract where there is separate opening for both ingestion and elimination.
Complete Digestive tract
The chewed mass of food passes through the _______ or the throat to the esophagus.
Pharynx
Temporarily covers the opening of the trachea so the food cannot enter the lungs.
Epiglottis
A muscular bag that contains gastric juice to absorb some water, ions, and few drugs, and alcohol.
Stomach
Absorb majority of the nutrients and water. The length is 3-7 meters makes it the longest organ in the digestive system.
Small intestine
Tiny hills and valleys along the small intestine’s linings that absorbs the nutrients.
Villi
Supplies enzyme such as _______ to the small intestine to break down carbohydrates, polypeptideds, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Pancreas, pancreatic amylase
Supplies bile which is a green biochemical that helps o disperse undissolvable fats into tiny globs suspended in water.
Liver
Stores the bile from the liver until there is a chyme (mixture of food and gastric juice) releases into the small intestine.
Gallbladder
Completes the digestion process by absorbing excess water, salts, and discard the wastes as feces.
Large intestine
