Digestive System

Question 1

Functions of digestive system

I say many dogs are excellent

Answer 1

o Ingestion: oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus
o Mechanical processing: oral cavity
o Digestion: stomach, small intestine
o Secretion: oral cavity, stomach, small & large intestine, accessory organs
o Absorption: small and large intestine
o Excretion

Question 2

accessory organ

some people like giving time

Answer 2

o	teeth 
o	salivary glands
o	pancreas
o	liver:
o	galls bladder

Question 3

3 layers of gut

Answer 3

submucosa
muscularis externa
serosa (adventitia):

Question 4

function of the oral cavity

lauren loves meat alot

Answer 4

• analysis of material before swallowing
• mechanical processing by teeth, tongue, and palatal surfaces
• lubrication
• limited digestion

Question 5

mouth and teeth:

boys may come in

Answer 5

incisors
canines
bicuspids
molars

Question 6

function of the tongue

MASs production

Answer 6

• mechanical processing
• assistance in chewing and swallowing
• sensory analysis by touch, temp, and taste receptors

Question 7

saliva glands

psssssssstt

Answer 7

• parotid
• sublingual
• submandibular

Question 8

the pharynx

Answer 8

• common passageway for food, liquid, and air

Question 9

3 layers of swallowing process

billy envies people

Answer 9

buccal
pharyngeal
esophageal

Question 10

functions of stomach

people are be mean and disrespectful

Answer 10

o bulk storage of undigested food
o mechanical breakdown of food
o disruption of chemical binds via acids and enzymes
o absorption of water, salts, alcohol and drugs
o production of intrinsic factor

Question 11

role of gastrin

Valorie hates some apples

Answer 11

o hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid (HCI) by parietal cells
o aids in gastric motility
o stomach distention
o vagal stimulation

Question 12

the pancreas

Answer 12

• location: head sits next to duodenum- tail extends to spleen

Question 13

functions of the liver

People love Dill Pickles

Answer 13

o performs metabolic and hematological regulation
o detoxifies—breaks down toxins using macrophages and Kupffer cells
o produces bile—hepatocytes
processes nutrients

Question 14

the gallbladder

Answer 14

o hollow pear shaped organ

o stores, modifies and concentrates bile

Question 15

small intestine

Answer 15

o important digestive and absorptive functions

o 3 subdivisions: duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Question 16

duodenum

Answer 16

o Major area of digestion
o Regulates rate of emptying of the stomach via hormones
o Structures present: Brunner’s glands, Villi, Microvilli, Plicae circularis, Lacteals

Question 17

jejunum

Answer 17

o Major area of digestion and absorption
o Passive transport of sugar fructose
o Active transport of amino acids, peptides, vitamins, and glucose
o Structures present: Few Brunner’s gland, Long villi, Microvilli—brush border, Plicae circularis, Lacteals

Question 18

Ileum

Answer 18

o Major area of absorption primarily vitamin B12 and bile salts
o Secretes gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin
o Structures present: Few Brunner’s glands, Villi, Microvilli, Pilicae circularis, Lacteals, Abundant Peyer’s patches

Question 19

small intestine structure

very little people involved

Answer 19

• plicae
• villi
• lacteals
• intestinal glands

Question 20

plicae

Answer 20

transverse folds of the intestinal lining—force chyme to move spirally thru intestine

Question 21

villi

Answer 21

fingerlike projections of the mucosa

Question 22

lacteals

Answer 22

absorbs fat

Question 23

submucosa

Answer 23

connective tissue with lymphoid follicles

Question 24

mucosa

Answer 24

goblet cells with tight junctions

Question 25

Small intestine glands and secretions

dan is interesting

Answer 25

o Intestinal juices: moisten chyme, help buffer acids
o Duodenal glands: (Brunner’s glands) produce mucus, buffers
o Ileum glands: Peyer’s patches

Question 26

Brunner’s Glands:

Answer 26

o Found in the duodenum above sphincter of Oddi
o Produce a mucus rich alkaline secretion
o Empty their alkaline fluid into crypts of Liberkuhn

Question 27

Crypts of Liberkuhn:

Answer 27

o Secrete various enzymes

o New epithelium is formed here

Question 28

Functions of the large intestine

some animals read

Answer 28

• Reabsorb water and compact material into feces
• Absorb vitamins produced by bacteria
• Store fecal matter prior to defecation

Question 29

Physiology of Large intestine

Answer 29

Reabsorption and mass movement of material through colon and rectum

Question 30

Histology of large intestine

dyl ate pizza

Answer 30

• Absence of villi
• Presence of goblet cells
• Deep intestinal glands

Question 31

Appendix

Answer 31

• located near the junction of the small and large intestines
• harbor and protect bacteria that are beneficial

Question 32

the rectum

Answer 32

last portion of the digestive tract and ends at anal canal

Question 33

movement of materials along digestive tract is controlled by what?

(Lauren Needs a Haircut)

Answer 33

• neural mechanisms
• hormonal mechanisms:
• local mechanisms: