Chapter 5 Flashcards
skin
larget organ, 16% of body weight
two major components
cutaneous membrane and accessory structure
epidermis
surface layer of the skin, stratified, outer layer
keratinocyte
primary cell—produce keratin (waterproof), most abundant
epidermal ridges
responsible for finger prints
finger prints
determined by genes, made up from epidermal ridges
thin skin
most of the skin in body, 4 layers
thick skin
palms and soles, 5 layers
epidermal layers
stratum basale stratum spinosum stratum granulosum stratum lucidum stratum corneum
stratum basale :
basal layer (bottom)
stratum spinosum
spiny layer
Stratum granulosum
grainy layer
Stratum lucidum:
only found in thick skin, clear layer, variable
Stratum corneum:
top layer, mostly dead cells
dermis
middle layer
Accessory structures:
Everything else but the actual epithelium
– hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands
Subcutaneous layer (Hypodermis)
bottom layer
functions of integumentary system
o Protection o Excretion o Body temp o Production of melanin and keratin o Vitamin D3 o Lipid storage o Sensory input
carotene
orange yellow pigment
melanin
- -Brown, yellow-brown, or black
- -Produced by melanocytes
- -Protects you from ultra violet light (UV)
albinism
deficiency or absence of melanin production
skin cancer
tumors that arise from exposed skin
tumor
group of unusual cells
basal cell carcinoma
most common, skin cancer from basal cells
malignant melanoma
1 form of serious cancer
metastasis
spreading from one place to another
lines of cleavage
lines where the skin pattern is detected
1st degree burns
epidermis is affected, ex; sunburn
2nd degree burns
- -through epidermis some of dermis
- -blistering pain and swelling
- healing takes 1-2 weeks, scar potential
3rd degree burns
- -epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer
- - skin grafting
terminal hairs
thicker, on head, under arms, genitalia
villus
smaller, shorter, delicate, found on body surfaces
arrector pili
muscle attached to hair
sebaceous glands
- -Oil glands
- -Found everywhere except palms and soles
sebum
products of oil glands—lubricates hair and skin
sweat glands
Found everywhere, mostly in palms and soles
Vitamin D production
- -Produced in the skin by exposure to UV light
- -diet
Rickets
disease caused by lack of vitamin D
Keloids:
Scars that form very thick
